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Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The deficiency of pyruvate hydrogenase is characterized as neurological dysfunction. The reason for this statement should be determined.
Concept introduction:
Lactic acidosis is a medical condition, which is caused due to the buildup of lactate in the body. Excess of lactate in the blood also leads to low pH levels in the body. The signs and symptoms of lactic acidosis are discomfort, decreased appetite, diarrhea, and muscle pain.
(b)
Interpretation:
The reason for lactic acidosis should be determined.
Concept introduction:
Lactic acidosis is a medical condition, which is caused due to the buildup of lactate in the body. Excess of lactate in the blood also leads to low pH levels in the body. The signs and symptoms of lactic acidosis are discomfort, decreased appetite, diarrhea, and muscle pain.
(c)
Interpretation:
The reason for low-carbohydrate diet should be determined.
Concept introduction:
Lactic acidosis is a medical condition, which is caused due to the buildup of lactate in the body. Excess of lactate in the blood also leads to low pH levels in the body. The signs and symptoms of lactic acidosis are discomfort, decreased appetite, diarrhea, and muscle pain.
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Chapter 22 Solutions
Biochemistry
- . Glucagon secretion causes inhibition of intracellular acetyl-CoA car- boxylase activity by several mechanisms. Name all you can think of.arrow_forwardexplain with proper details please. Compare the net production of ATP from four molecules of glucose (4 x C6) with that from one molecule of n-Tetracosanoic acid (Lignoceric acid, C24) as a result of oxidative metabolism (show your work). As a storage molecule, which is more energy efficient and why?arrow_forwarda. Some of the acetyl-CoA used in the citric acid cycle is produced from pyruvate. List the reactants and products of this reaction. The reactants are pyruvate and The products are acetyl-CoA and In the process, a(n) is to b. Name an enzyme complex that catalyzes this reaction and list its negative effectors. is the enzyme complex that catalyzes this reaction. Its negative effectors are andarrow_forward
- True or False c. Glycogen synthase catalyzes the synthesis of α-1,6 linkages. True False d. The activated form of glucose is added to the non-reducing end of glycogen molecules. True Falsearrow_forwardDraw Gluconeogenesis. Please make sure to state all the enzymes and co-factors for each step of the pathway.arrow_forwardHello there! Please help me with these problems. I would appreciate it if you write me a short explanation of why you chose one of the answers. Not necessarily though, just if it makes sense to write me a little explanation.A. Which of the following is not true for the nutrition label? the serving size reflects the amount that people typically eat or drink all the nutrient amounts are shown on the label, including the number of calories, refer to the size of the serving the serving size is a recommendation of how much you should eat or drink all of the above 5. none of the above B. Which of the following is true for all nutrition food labels? they have colored sections to help you focus on the different sections of information on the labels the calories posted on a label provide a measure of how much energy you get from a serving of this food they are required to have colored sections to help you focus on the different sections of information on the labels A & C none of the…arrow_forward
- G. ENZYME CLASSIFICATION. Identify the main class of enzymes used to catalyzed the following reactions: 1. Lactate dehydrogenase: NADH+H NAD HC-OH CH3 CH Pynnte Lactate 2. Methylmalonyl-CoA mutase: CH CH SCOA CH,CH, SCOA coenzyme B12 COO COO methylmalonyl-CoA succinyl-CoA 3. Enolase: 0. H–Ċ–0–P–0- C-0–P-0- + H,0 HO–CH, CH 6 Phosphoenolpyruvate 2-Phosphoglycerate 4. Chymotrypsin: -0–CH,CH3 + H2O - RCOOH + HOCH,CH3 5. Pyruvate carboxylase: coo • co, • ATP + H,0 H-C-H . ADP + P, + 2H čoo CH, Pyruvate Oxaleacetatearrow_forwardLong explanations are not needed. Direct answers would suffice. ***kind of in a hurry so having the answer asap would greatly be appreciated, thank you :)) ATP Accounting Upon digestion of starch, maltose, one of its degradation products, is further hydrolyzed into its monosaccharide components prior to intestinal absorption and entry into the glycolysis. Calculate the number of ATP molecules produced from the digestion and complete oxidation of 3 molecules of maltose considering the malate-aspartate shuttle. ANSWER ONLY SUBPARTS D AND E. d. Total number of all NADH molecules and FADH2 molecules produced after complete oxidation. e.. Total number of all mitochondrial GTP molecules produced and total number of net ATP molecules produced after complete oxidation. questions a-c:------------------------------------------------------a. Total number of glucose molecules entering glycolysis and total number of pyruvate molecules produced at the end of glycolysis b. Total number of…arrow_forwardLong explanations are not needed. Direct answers would suffice. ***kind of in a hurry so having the answer asap would greatly be appreciated, thank you :)) ATP Accounting Upon digestion of starch, maltose, one of its degradation products, is further hydrolyzed into its monosaccharide components prior to intestinal absorption and entry into the glycolysis. Calculate the number of ATP molecules produced from the digestion and complete oxidation of 3 molecules of maltose considering the malate-aspartate shuttle. a. Total number of glucose molecules entering glycolysis and total number of pyruvate molecules produced at the end of glycolysis b. Total number of mitochondrial NADH produced after pyruvate is acted upon by the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex and total number of CO2 released right after the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex reaction. c. Total number of acetyl CoA molecules entering the citric acid cycle and total number of net cytosolic ATP molecules produced right after…arrow_forward
- Fill in the blanks. Acetaminophen toxicity can occur at high doses in the liver. because ___________ (what type of molecules?) can become saturated and other routes of metabolism take over.Please explain to me what the correct molecule(?) is and why it is correct. I understand that the glucuronidation and sulfation conjugation pathways become saturated, but am not understanding what molecule(s) it is/are that is/are becoming saturated leading to the other routes of metabolism and acetaminophen toxicity.arrow_forwardthese are KT values. Which transporter that is a GLUT will transport glucose from blood which is 5nm at the maximum or Vmax? Is it (GLUT 11,KT= 0.1M), (is it GLUT1, KT = 3nm), (is it GLUT 2, KT= 17nm), (or GLUT 4, KT = 5nm)arrow_forwardLong explanations are not needed. Direct answers would suffice. a. In the TCA cycle, succinate dehydrogenase channels electrons directly into the electron transfer chain. I. True II. False b. Glucagon is a hormone that activates glycogenolysis. I. True II. Falsearrow_forward
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