Concept explainers
To explain: The mechanism by which glowing in the dark could benefit the mushroom.
Concept introduction: Mushrooms are the fruiting body of club
To explain: What might be the reason why species with unusual trait live in the same region.
Concept introduction: Mushrooms are the fruiting body of club fungi meant for their sexual reproduction. They produce sexual spores in this special structure as seeds inside a fruit. Other than just a fruiting body, some mushrooms are found to have some unusual traits that make them rare. Some scientists have discovered mushrooms with bioluminescent power from Brazil and Vietnam. The phenomenon by which mushrooms emit light is called bioluminescence. It is an enzyme-dependent process in which a light emitting compound namely luciferin undergoes oxidation with the help of an enzyme called luciferase, which results in the emission of light.
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Chapter 23 Solutions
Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life
- A number of different, unrelated species of Arctic fishes have evolved an adaptation to avoid freezing in frigid, winter waters. These different species all use the same glycoprotein that they circulate through their blood to prevent ice crystals from forming in their bloodstream. What is the adaptation of freeze resistance in these fishes is an example of? Parsimony Paraphyly Homoplasy Synapomorphyarrow_forwardBased on the evidence of natural selection, how do humans might influence the process of evolution of the introduction of tilapia in aquaculture?arrow_forwardA massive die-off of lobsters in the Long Island Soundwas blamed on pesticides sprayed to control mosquitoes that carry West Nile virus. Why might a chemical designed to kill insects also harm lobsters but have no effect on sea stars?arrow_forward
- The Basidiocarp (mushroom) of many club fungi are deadly poisonous. Amanita falloides for example is a mushroom that is deadly poisonous and can kill a person even if he/she eats only a few bites. As we covered in our ecology unit, it is physiologically expensive to become this poisonous. Agaricus bisporis is also a species of club fungus (mushroom) that occupies the same areas as Amanita falloides, and has a very similar appearance. Agaricus bisporis, however, has not evolved to produce toxic mushrooms. 1. Explain why it is beneficial for Amanita falloides to invest so much energy into making it's mushrooms in particular so poisonous. 2. Based on the concepts covered in our course, provide an ecological explanation for why Agaricus bisporous has not evolved to produce toxic mushrooms. ***Hint--think about the relationship between these two mushroom species***.arrow_forwardGive three reasons why tilapia does not stay in the seaarrow_forwardWhy are there so many different types of plants that host butterflies and serve as food for them? What does this mean about the diversity of butterflies?arrow_forward
- Scorpions occupy every continent except Antarctica, and all scorpionsfluoresce under ultraviolet light. What do these observations mostlikely suggest about the origin of scorpion fluorescence?a. The common ancestor of scorpions fluoresced.b. Scorpion fluorescence evolved independently on each continent.c. Scorpion fluorescence is a vestigial characteristic.d. Scorpion fluorescence evolved recently.arrow_forwardBecause most lichens are not good for food and are not very important economically, should we be as concerned about some of them becoming extinct as we are about whales disappearing?arrow_forwardMany fungi are decomposers and degrade organic matter (such as wood and leaf litter). It has become clear that many of these decomposers are also able to colonize live plants as endophytes (living inside the plant without causing any harm) and allowing for prime access to plant tissues once the plant dies. Explain, using the principles of natural selection, how having the ability to be both a decomposer and endophyte evolved. Make sure you include the four steps of evolution by natural selection in your response.arrow_forward
- If an altered structure, such as the long neck of the giraffe, is advantageous, why don’t all species have that structure?arrow_forwardSuppose an efficient conducting system evolved in a moss that could transport water and other materials as high as a tall tree. Which of the following statements about “trees” of such a species would not be true? (A) Spore dispersal distances would probably increase. (B) Females could produce only one archegonium. (C) Unless its body parts were strengthened, such a “tree” would probably flop over. (D) Individuals would probably compete more effectively for access to light.arrow_forwardMany fungi produce chemicals that inhibit bacterial growth. Why might the genes encoding these chemicals be adaptive to fungi?arrow_forward
- Biology Today and Tomorrow without Physiology (Mi...BiologyISBN:9781305117396Author:Cecie Starr, Christine Evers, Lisa StarrPublisher:Cengage LearningBiology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781305389892Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillanPublisher:Cengage Learning