Concept explainers
Interpretation:
The chemical equation for the hydrolysis of glucose-1-phosphate to form glucose and HPO42- and the change in the energy of the reaction is to be determined.
Concept introduction:
The term hydrolysis refers to a
Catabolism of the food takes place via a number of biochemical pathways. Some reactions may release energy while some reactions are caused due to the absorption of energy. The energy which is released by one reaction is used to derive some other reactions.
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EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, & BIOLOGICAL CHEM
- Glycolysis is the process by which glucose is metabolized to lactic acid according to the equation C6H12O6(aq)2C3H6O3(aq) G=198 kJ at pH 7.0 and 25°C Glycolysis is the source of energy in human red blood cells. In these cells, the concentration of glucose is 5.0103 M, while that of lactic acid is 2.9103 M. Calculate AG for glycolysis in human blood cells under these conditions. Use the equation G=G+RT In Q, where Q is the concentration quotient, analogous to K.arrow_forwardThe first step of the metabolic process known as glycolysis is the conversion of glucose to glucose- 6-phosphate. This process has a positive value for rG' Glucose + Pi Glucose-6-phosphate + H2O rG' = +13.8 kJ/mol-rxn This reaction is coupled to the hydrolysis of ATP ATP + H2O ADP + Pi rG' = -30.5 kJ/mol-rxn What is the sum of these two equations and the value of rG' for the coupled reaction? Is the coupled reaction product-favored at equilibrium?arrow_forwardTake a look at this organic reaction: CH3- 0=0 C O NAD+ NADH CH₂_1-0 CH3—C−O + CO2 The reactant molecule is re-drawn in the drawing area below. Highlight in red any groups in this molecule in which carbon atoms are oxidized by the reaction. Highlight in blue any groups in which carbon atoms are reduced. If no carbon atoms are oxidized or reduced, check the box under the drawing area. _L_L- C CH₂ - No carbons are oxidized or reduced. Ćarrow_forward
- Which of the following is true of reduction reaction? It is the removal of electrons from an atom or molecule. They are also referred to as dehydrogenation reactions An example of which is the conversion of Pyruvic acid to Lactic acid There is a decrease in the potential energy of the atom or molecule Which cells in the body convert most of the remaining fructose and practically all of the galactose to glucose? Sertoli cells Erythrocytes Parietal cells Hepatocytes Which of the following substances can be considered as metabolic intermediates?* Water ATP Pyruvic acid Glucosearrow_forwardX Animals preserve as a form of energy in their bodies. Glucose Fat Starch Cellulosearrow_forwardThe metabolism of glucose produces CO2 and H2O, how does the human body expect these reaction products?arrow_forward
- In a complete combustion of ethane, C2H6, 54 g of water is formed and 370 kcal of heat is evolved. Thus, heat of combustion, △Hco of C2H6 isarrow_forwardConsider the reaction in producing wine: C6H12O6(aq)——-> 2CO2(aq). When zymase is added to glucose, the production of ethanol and carbon dioxide increases in a shorter period of time. What is the role of zymase in this reaction? a. Reactant b. Enthalpy c. Catalyst d. Product Please show your solution.arrow_forwardThis equation describes the production of tin(II) chloride: Sn(s) + 2HCl(g) ⟶ SnCl2(s) + H2(g)Is this a redox reaction? If so, provide a more specific name for the reaction if appropriate, and identify the oxidant and reductant.arrow_forward
- Given that, in our bodies, when we metabolize molecules to derive energy from them, we are oxidizing these molecules, why is it that we get more energy from a gram of fat (essentially a hydrocarbon) than we get from a gram of sugar (a polyhydroxy aldehyde)?arrow_forwardWhat are the products for the chemical reaction of C2H5OH+O2—->arrow_forward年一年 phosphoglycerate mutase (PGM) H-C-OPO; H-- OH H-S-OPO; H-C- OH H H 3-Phosphoglycerate (3PG) 2-Phosphoglycerate (2PG) Does the oxidation number change for the carbon atom to which the phosphate is attached? (i.e., does C3 in 3PG have a different oxidation number than C2 in 2PG?) If so, does it become higher or lower? Oxidation number decreases when the phosphate is moved from C3 to C2. Carbon 3 has an oxidation number of 0; carbon 2 has an ox. number of +1. There is no change in the oxidation number, both atoms have oxidation number of -1. Oxidation number increases when the phosphate is moved from C3 to C2. Carbon 3 has an oxidation number of 0; carbon 2 has an ox. number of +1. Oxidation number decreases when the phosphate is moved from C3 to C2. Carbon 3 has an oxidation number of -1; carbon 2 has an ox. number of 0. There is no change in the oxidation number, both atoms have oxidation number of 0. O Oxidation number increases when the phosphate is moved from C3 to C2. Carbon 3…arrow_forward
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