Introduction to General, Organic and Biochemistry
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781285869759
Author: Frederick A. Bettelheim, William H. Brown, Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Omar Torres
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 23, Problem 23.65P
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
The validation of the fact that whether the
Concept Introduction:
Enzymes are the
Acid-base catalyses involve the proton transfer from one molecule to another in presence of enzyme.
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Chapter 23 Solutions
Introduction to General, Organic and Biochemistry
Ch. 23 - What is the difference between a catalyst and an...Ch. 23 - What are ribozymes made of?Ch. 23 - Would a lipase hydrolyze two triglycerides, one...Ch. 23 - Compare the activation energy in uncatalyzed...Ch. 23 - Prob. 23.5PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.6PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.7PCh. 23 - Monoamine oxidases are important enzymes in brain...Ch. 23 - Prob. 23.9PCh. 23 - 0 What kind of reaction does each of the following...
Ch. 23 - Prob. 23.11PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.12PCh. 23 - 3 What is the difference between reversible and...Ch. 23 - Prob. 23.14PCh. 23 - 5 At a very low concentration of a certain...Ch. 23 - 6 If we wish to double the rate of an...Ch. 23 - 7 A bacterial enzyme has the following...Ch. 23 - 8 The optimal temperature for the action of...Ch. 23 - 9 The activity of pepsin was measured at various...Ch. 23 - Prob. 23.20PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.21PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.22PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.23PCh. 23 - 4 What kind of chemical reaction occurs most...Ch. 23 - 5 Which of the following is a correct statement...Ch. 23 - Prob. 23.26PCh. 23 - 7 Enzymes are long protein chains, usually...Ch. 23 - Prob. 23.28PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.29PCh. 23 - 0 Can the product of a reaction that is part of a...Ch. 23 - 1 What is the difference between a zymogen and a...Ch. 23 - 2 The enzyme trypsin is synthesized by the body in...Ch. 23 - Prob. 23.33PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.34PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.35PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.36PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.37PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.38PCh. 23 - 9 The enzyme phosphofructokinase (PFK) (Chapter...Ch. 23 - Prob. 23.40PCh. 23 - 1 After a heart attack, the levels of certain...Ch. 23 - Prob. 23.42PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.43PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.44PCh. 23 - 5 Chemists who have been exposed for years to or...Ch. 23 - 6 Which enzyme preparation is given to patients...Ch. 23 - 7 Chymotrypsm is secreted by the pancreas and...Ch. 23 - 8 Explain why transition-state analogs are potent...Ch. 23 - Prob. 23.49PCh. 23 - 0 Explain the relationship between...Ch. 23 - 1 (Chemical Connections 23A) Acetylcholine causes...Ch. 23 - Prob. 23.52PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.53PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.54PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.55PCh. 23 - 6 (Chemical Connections 23C) What role does Mn2+...Ch. 23 - 7 (Chemical Connections 23C) Which amino acids of...Ch. 23 - 8 (Chemical Connections 23D) What is the strategy...Ch. 23 - 9 (Chemical Connections 23D) Why did scientists...Ch. 23 - Prob. 23.60PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.61PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.62PCh. 23 - 3 (Chemical Connections 23E) What is the...Ch. 23 - Prob. 23.64PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.65PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.66PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.67PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.68PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.69PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.70PCh. 23 - 1 Food can be preserved by inactivation of enzymes...Ch. 23 - Prob. 23.72PCh. 23 - 3 Would you expect to find active digestive...Ch. 23 - Prob. 23.74PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.75PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.76PCh. 23 - 7 An enzyme has the following pH dependence: At...Ch. 23 - Prob. 23.78PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.79PCh. 23 - 0 Nerve gases operate by forming covalent bonds at...Ch. 23 - 1 What would be the appropriate name for an enzyme...Ch. 23 - Prob. 23.82PCh. 23 - 3 A liver enzyme is made of four subunits: 2A and...Ch. 23 - Prob. 23.84PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.85PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.86PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.87PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.88PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.89PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.90PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.91P
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- Describe the difference between graphs showing temperature versus reaction rate for an enzyme-catalyzed reaction and an uncatalyzed reaction.arrow_forwardSome proteases are cysteine proteases and threonine proteases as opposed to serine proteases. What properties of these amino acids residues allow them to be in a similar catalytic process? Cysteine: R=-CH2SH Threonine: R= -CH(CH3)OHarrow_forward1.What makes ionic bonds different from covalent bonds? Explain with respect to the bond formation between MgCl2 and N2. 2. A group of young researchers was working on a biochemical pathway. At that time, they produced an enzyme having altered active site. Do you think, the activity of the new enzyme would differ from the original one? Why? On a different reaction they found, an enzyme works best at a temperature near about 30 degree Celsius. At 60 degree Celsius, the enzyme becomes inactivated. Briefly explain, why that enzyme is not working at elevated temperature?arrow_forward
- 1. What reaction is catalyzed by the enzyme carbonic anhydrase? Which metal ion serves as a cofactor for carbonic anhydrase? Explain how this metal ion is able to assist in catalyzing the reaction. 2. In relation to enzymes, what is the difference between a cosubstrate and a prosthetic group? Give one example of each.arrow_forwardConsider the simple reaction S <--> P, with the forward rate characterized by a rate constant k1, the reverse rate constant characterized by a rate constant k2, and the equilibrium constant for the reaction given by Keq. Which of the listed effects would be brought about by an enzyme catalyzing this reaction?a) increased Keqb) increased k1c) decreased transition state free energy changed) increased k2arrow_forward1. Mention 5 amino acid side chains with catalytic function 2. Briefly describe 3 general catalytic mechanisms and 2 catalytic mechanisms of enzymesarrow_forward
- How can the Michaelis constant (Km) be identified and used to represent the affinity between the enzyme and the substrate?arrow_forwardQuesrion: Enzyme X exhibits maximum activity at pH = 10.5. X shows a fairly sharp decrease in its activity when the pH goes much lower than 9.5. One likely interpretation of this pH activity is that: a. A His residue on the enzyme is involved in the reaction b. a Glu residue on the enzyme is involved in the reaction c. a Tyr residue on the enzyme is involved in the reaction d. the enzyme uses NADH has a cofactor e. the enzyme uses coenzyme A has a cofactor Please explain why, thanks!arrow_forward3) The enzyme aldolase catalyzes the conversion of fructose-1,6-diphosphate (FDP)to dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) and glyceraldehide-3-phosphate (G3P). Thereaction isFDP ⇄ DHAP + G3P , ∆rG0(298.15 K) = 23.8 kJ mol−1In red blood cells the concentration of these species are [FDP] = 35 µM, [DHAP] =130 µM, and [G3P] = 15 µM. (Remember that 1.0 µM = 1.0 × 10−6 mol L−1. Thestandard state for reactions in solution can be taken as c0 = 1.0 mol L−1).Calculate ∆rG in a red blood cell at 25 0C. Will the reaction occur spontaneouslyin the cell at this temperature?arrow_forward
- For the series of equilibria describing an enzyme catalyzed reaction (below) k-cat is: a) k-3 b) k1 c) k3 d) k2 e) k-1 f) k-2arrow_forwardActivation of a zymogen is by covalent modification. How might phosphorylation or dephosphorylation (also covalent modification) modify an enzyme to make it more active (or more inactive)?arrow_forwardChemistry Do you expect the acid/heat or enzymatic hydrolysis to be more effective? Explain your answerarrow_forward
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