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Lactate dehydrogenase catalyzes the following equilibrium reaction in both liver and muscle cells:
In terms of equilibrium, explain why lactate must be removed from muscle cells under anaerobic conditions and why lactate does not accumulate in the liver under these conditions. (Hint: Think of the Cori cycle.)
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Chapter 23 Solutions
Study Guide with Student Solutions Manual for Seager/Slabaugh/Hansen's Chemistry for Today: General, Organic, and Biochemistry, 9th Edition
- The first step of the metabolic process known as glycolysis is the conversion of glucose to glucose- 6-phosphate. This process has a positive value for rG' Glucose + Pi Glucose-6-phosphate + H2O rG' = +13.8 kJ/mol-rxn This reaction is coupled to the hydrolysis of ATP ATP + H2O ADP + Pi rG' = -30.5 kJ/mol-rxn What is the sum of these two equations and the value of rG' for the coupled reaction? Is the coupled reaction product-favored at equilibrium?arrow_forwardWhy are so many different enzymes needed?arrow_forwardIndicate whether each of the following changes represents oxidation or reduction. a. FADH2 FAD b. FMN FMNH2 c. Fe(III)SP Fe(II)SP d. Cyt c1 (Fe3+) cyt c1 (Fe2+)arrow_forward
- What is the function of the enzyme lactase?arrow_forwardThe AG" of the dephosphorylation of phosphocreatine is -43.0 kJ/mol. Phosphocreatine → creatine +Pi; -43.0kJ/mol When coupled to the phosphorylation of ADP to ATP (+30.5kJ/mol) ADP +Pi → ATP; +30.5 kJ/mol calculate the actual, physiological AG for the following reaction in kJ/mol: Phosphocreatine + ADP creatine + ATP at 37°C, with concentrations as follows: Phosphocreatine = 0.715 mM creatine = 0.566 mM ADP = 0.431 mM ATP = 2.382 mMarrow_forwardConsider the malate dehydrogenase reaction from the citric acid cycle. Given the listed concentrations, calculate the free energy change for this reaction at energy change for this reaction at 37.0 °C (310 K). AG' for the reaction is +29.7 kJ/mol. Assume that the reaction occurs at pH 7. [malate] = 1.25 mM [oxaloacetate] = 0.130 mM [NAD+] = 440 mM [NADH] = = 180 mM kJ.mol-¹ AG: X10 TOOLSarrow_forward
- Chemistry for Today: General, Organic, and Bioche...ChemistryISBN:9781305960060Author:Spencer L. Seager, Michael R. Slabaugh, Maren S. HansenPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry: Matter and ChangeChemistryISBN:9780078746376Author:Dinah Zike, Laurel Dingrando, Nicholas Hainen, Cheryl WistromPublisher:Glencoe/McGraw-Hill School Pub CoGeneral Chemistry - Standalone book (MindTap Cour...ChemistryISBN:9781305580343Author:Steven D. Gammon, Ebbing, Darrell Ebbing, Steven D., Darrell; Gammon, Darrell Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon, Darrell D.; Gammon, Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon; DarrellPublisher:Cengage Learning
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