Chapter 23, Problem 2MCP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The relationship between $\text{β-oxidation}$ of fatty acids and the citric acid cycle has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

The metabolism of lipids includes both the synthesis and degradation of fatty acids. The phenomenon of degradation of fatty acids is termed as $\text{β-oxidation}$ while the synthesis of fatty acids is termed as lipogenesis. The lipid biosynthesis involves the synthesis of triacylglycerol and cholesterol.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The fate of fatty acids and the energy requirements of the body have to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

When the body starves for prolonged periods or when the diets are carbohydrates restricted in such a situation, the different organs such as brain and heart get inadequate glucose. Thus the human body has evolved a manner to replenish the inadequacy of glucose. In such a situation, the ketone bodies are synthesized by the utilization of fatty acid stored in the liver via a process called ketogenesis.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The role of the mitochondria in lipid metabolism has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Lipid metabolism is essentially the digestion and absorption of highly concentrated energy sources. The chief component of this metabolism is triglycerides. Triglycerides are essentially the derivatives of glycerol where the terminal alcoholic groups are replaced by ester groups by esterification with long fatty acids and are therefore hydrophobic.