General Physics, 2nd Edition
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9780471522782
Author: Morton M. Sternheim
Publisher: WILEY
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Chapter 23, Problem 48E
To determine
The wavelength of the strongly reflected beam from crystal planes.
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What is the smallest Bragg angle for x rays of wavelength 30 pm to reflect from reflecting planes spaced 0.30 nm apart in a calcite crystal?
Light of wavelength 580 nm falls on a calcite crystal of certain thickness. The emerging light is circularly polarized. What must be the thickness of such crystal?
A He-Ne gas laser which produces monochromatic light of a known wavelength ? =6.35 ? 10^−7 ? is used to calibrate a reflection grating in a spectroscope. The first-orderdiffraction line is found at an angle of 22 degrees to the incident beam. How many lines per meter are there on the grating?
Chapter 23 Solutions
General Physics, 2nd Edition
Ch. 23 - Prob. 1RQCh. 23 - Prob. 2RQCh. 23 - Prob. 3RQCh. 23 - Prob. 4RQCh. 23 - Prob. 5RQCh. 23 - Prob. 6RQCh. 23 - Prob. 7RQCh. 23 - Prob. 8RQCh. 23 - Prob. 9RQCh. 23 - Prob. 10RQ
Ch. 23 - Prob. 11RQCh. 23 - Prob. 12RQCh. 23 - Prob. 1ECh. 23 - Prob. 2ECh. 23 - Prob. 3ECh. 23 - Prob. 4ECh. 23 - Prob. 5ECh. 23 - Prob. 6ECh. 23 - Prob. 7ECh. 23 - Prob. 8ECh. 23 - Prob. 9ECh. 23 - Prob. 10ECh. 23 - Prob. 11ECh. 23 - Prob. 12ECh. 23 - Prob. 13ECh. 23 - Prob. 14ECh. 23 - Prob. 15ECh. 23 - Prob. 16ECh. 23 - Prob. 17ECh. 23 - Prob. 18ECh. 23 - Prob. 19ECh. 23 - Prob. 20ECh. 23 - Prob. 21ECh. 23 - Prob. 22ECh. 23 - Prob. 23ECh. 23 - Prob. 24ECh. 23 - Prob. 25ECh. 23 - Prob. 26ECh. 23 - Prob. 27ECh. 23 - Prob. 28ECh. 23 - Prob. 29ECh. 23 - Prob. 30ECh. 23 - Prob. 31ECh. 23 - Prob. 32ECh. 23 - Prob. 33ECh. 23 - Prob. 34ECh. 23 - Prob. 35ECh. 23 - Prob. 36ECh. 23 - Prob. 37ECh. 23 - Prob. 38ECh. 23 - Prob. 39ECh. 23 - Prob. 40ECh. 23 - Prob. 41ECh. 23 - Prob. 42ECh. 23 - Prob. 43ECh. 23 - Prob. 44ECh. 23 - Prob. 45ECh. 23 - Prob. 46ECh. 23 - Prob. 47ECh. 23 - Prob. 48ECh. 23 - Prob. 49ECh. 23 - Prob. 50ECh. 23 - Prob. 51ECh. 23 - Prob. 52ECh. 23 - Prob. 53ECh. 23 - Prob. 54ECh. 23 - Prob. 55ECh. 23 - Prob. 56ECh. 23 - Prob. 57ECh. 23 - Prob. 58ECh. 23 - Prob. 59ECh. 23 - Prob. 60ECh. 23 - Prob. 61ECh. 23 - Prob. 62ECh. 23 - Prob. 63ECh. 23 - Prob. 64ECh. 23 - Prob. 65ECh. 23 - Prob. 66ECh. 23 - Prob. 67ECh. 23 - Prob. 68ECh. 23 - Prob. 69ECh. 23 - Prob. 70ECh. 23 - Prob. 71ECh. 23 - Prob. 72ECh. 23 - Prob. 73ECh. 23 - Prob. 74ECh. 23 - Prob. 75ECh. 23 - Prob. 76ECh. 23 - Prob. 77ECh. 23 - Prob. 78ECh. 23 - Prob. 79ECh. 23 - Prob. 80E
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- As a single crystal is rotated in an x-ray spectrometer (Fig. 3.22a), many parallel planes of atoms besides AA and BB produce strong diffracted beams. Two such planes are shown in Figure P3.38. (a) Determine geometrically the interplanar spacings d1 and d2 in terms of d0. (b) Find the angles (with respect to the surface plane AA) of the n = 1, 2, and 3 intensity maxima from planes with spacing d1. Let = 0.626 and d0 = 4.00 . Note that a given crystal structure (for example, cubic) has interplanar spacings with characteristic ratios, which produce characteristic diffraction patterns. In this way, measurement of the angular position of diffracted x-rays may be used to infer the crystal structure. Figure P3.38 Atomic planes in a cubic lattice.arrow_forwardX-rays of wavelength 0.103 nm reflects off a crystal and a second-order maximum is recorded at a Bragg angle of 25.5°. What is the spacing between the scattering planes in this crystal?arrow_forwardThe structure of the NaCl crystal forms reflecting planes 0.541 nm apart. What is the smallest angle, measured from these planes, at which X-ray diffraction can be observed, if X-rays of wavelength 0.085 nm are used?arrow_forward
- Two slits each of width 1800 nm and separated by the center-to-center distance of 1200 nm are illuminated by plane waves from a krypton ion laser-emitting at wavelength 461.9 nm. Find the number of interference peaks in the central diffraction peak.arrow_forwardOn a certain crystal, a first-order X-ray diffraction maximum is observed at an angle of 27.1° relative to its surface, using an X-ray source of unknown wavelength. Additionally, when illuminated with a different, this time of known wavelength 0.137 nm, a second-order maximum is detected at 37.3°. Determine (a) the spacing between the reflecting planes, and (b) the unknown wavelength.arrow_forwardThe movable mirror of a Michelson interferometer is attached to one end of a thin metal rod of length 23.3 mm. The other end of the rod is anchored so it does not move. As the temperature of the rod changes from 15°C to 25 C , a change of 14 fringes is observed. The light source is a He Ne laser, =632.8 nm . What is the change in length of the metal bar, and what is its thermal expansion coefficient?arrow_forward
- Consider the single-slit diffraction pattern for =600 nm, D=0.025 mm , and x=2.0 m. Find the intensity in terms of Io at =0.5 , 1.0°, 1.5°, 3.0°, and 10.0°.arrow_forwardA He-Ne gas laser which produces monochromatic light of a known wavelength ? =6.35 ? 10^−7 m is used to calibrate a reflection grating in a spectroscope. The first-order diffraction line is found at an angle of 22 degrees to the incident beam. How many lines per meter are there on the grating?arrow_forwardIf the wavelength l of the Xrays is too large relative to the spacing of planes in the crystal, no Bragg diffraction will be seen because sin u would be larger than 1 in the Bragg equation, even for n 5 1. Calculate the longest wavelength of Xrays that can give Bragg diffraction from a set of planes separated by 4.20 Å.arrow_forward
- let a beam of x rays of wavelength 0.125 nm be incident on an NaCl crystal at angle u 45.0° to the top face of the crystal and a family of reflecting planes. Let the reflecting planes have separation d = 0.252 nm. The crystal is turned through angle f around an axis perpendicular to the plane of the page until these reflecting planes give diffraction maxima. What are the (a) smaller and (b) larger value of f if the crystal is turned clockwise and the (c) smaller and (d) larger value of f if it is turned counterclockwise?arrow_forwardThe angle of a Bragg reflection from a set of crystal planes separated by 128.2 pm is 19.76°. Calculate the wavelength of the X‑rays.arrow_forwardAn electric current through hydrogen gas produces several distinct wavelengths of visible light. What are the wavelengths of the hydrogen spectrum, if they form first-order maxima at angles of 24.2o,25.7o,29.1o,and 41.0o when projected on a diffraction grating having 10,000 lines per centimeter?arrow_forward
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