Universe
Universe
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781319039448
Author: Robert Geller, Roger Freedman, William J. Kaufmann
Publisher: W. H. Freeman
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Chapter 23, Problem 6CC
To determine

The way in which the interference of dust particles with the la supernova present in some galaxy confuse astronomers about the distance of the galaxy, that is whether the astronomers will assume that the galaxy is farther or closer.

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Consider the Milky Way disk, which has a 50 kpc diameter and a total height of 600 pc. Suppose that the Sun orbits precisely at the mid-plane of the disk in a circular orbit. Supernovae explosions happen randomly throughout the disk at a rate of about 2 per 100 years. Consider a spherical region around the Sun with a radius of 300 pc. Ignore the Milky Way bulge and halo in this problem; assume the Milky Way disk is perfectly uniform and extends all the way through the region of the bulge. (I.e., the Milky Way is modeled *only* as a cylindrical disk--like a hockey puck-- with constant density throughout.) If a particular supernova goes off at a random location within the disk, what is the probability that it went off in the 300 pc radius spherical region near the Sun? Express your probability as a percentage (but without writing the percent sign). [Hint: there is a 100% probability that the supernova went off somewhere in the volume of the Milky Way disk; there is a 50% probability that…
If a galaxy contains a supernova that at its brightest has an apparent magnitude of 17, how far away is the galaxy? Assume that the absolute magnitude of the supernova is -19.
If active core of a galaxy contains a black hole of 10^6 M, what will the orbital period be for matter orbiting the black hole at a distance of 0.34 Au? (Hint: use the formula for circular velocity, Vc = GM/R ______ hr
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