Principles of Biology
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781259875120
Author: Robert Brooker, Eric P. Widmaier Dr., Linda Graham Dr. Ph.D., Peter Stiling Dr. Ph.D.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Question
Chapter 24.4, Problem 1TYK
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Microbiome engineering is manipulating the composition of microbiome to enhance the characteristics of host. Host associated microbiomes has benefits as well as disadvantages. By altering the microbiome in order of being beneficial to the host, characteristics of the host can be improved.
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Which of the following is a difference between transient and resident microbiota?
Transient microbiota are pathogenic, and resident microbiota are not.
Resident microbiota remain on the host for an extended period.
Humans do not have transient microbiota.
Transient microbiota can be opportunistic pathogens, and resident microbiota cannot.
Resident microbiota cause disease and transient microbiota do not.
Pick a specific microbiome (i.e. skin, mouth, gut, reproductive) and discuss interesting points and how it is important to human health/diversity/etc.
Here you can discuss any aspect of the microbiome that you like. Whatever is of most interest to you personally for example the uniqueness of an individual’s microbiome or disease states due to disruptions in bacterial communities, etc.
Find a recent (2015 or newer) primary research article that investigates some aspect of the microbiome environment that you discussed in question 2 and discuss the findings and how it has increased our understanding of the microbiome.
Which of the following situations does NOT demonstrate the importance of a healthy microbiome?
Group of answer choices
Anthony suffers from debilitating diarrhea after a lengthy course of antibiotics to treat his MRSA infection.
Andy is lactose intolerant. His body does not break down lactose, so the microorganisms in the gut do it for him.
Mary suffers from colon cancer. While being treated, she develops an opportunistic Bacteroides fragilis infection.
Jenna is prone to yeast infections, so she routinely eats yogurt and takes a probiotic supplement to increase the amount of lactic acid bacteria in her vagina.
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- A microbiologist argued that there is no such thing as “normal” microbiota of the human body, since the population is dynamic and is constantly changing, depending on diet and external environment. What would be an argument against this microbiologist’s view?arrow_forwardDrug resistance occurs: - when antibiotics are used incorrectly - against antibiotics and not against synthetic chemotherapeutic agents. - because bacteria are normal microbiota. - when antibiotics are taken after the symptoms disappear. - All of the answers are correct. explain answerarrow_forwardWhich of the following is an example of a healthy microbiota that helps prevent infection from potentially pathogenic bacteria? Cytophaga Fusobacterium Leptospira Bacteroides Borreliaarrow_forward
- Which of the following are called “microbes”, but are not made of cells? (Choose all that apply.) Group of answer choices Bacteria Prions Archaea Virusesarrow_forwardWhich of the following is an example of a noncommunicable infectious disease? infection with a respiratory virus food poisoning due to a preformed bacterial toxin in food skin infection acquired from a dog bite infection acquired from the stick of a contaminated needlearrow_forwardAn example of a recent discovery about the impact of the microbiome on our health. (Cite the sources)arrow_forward
- Which of the following is NOT a true statement? Infected people without symptoms can sometimes transmit their infection to others None of the other four answers (All are true statements) Infectious diseases are still one of the leading causes of death in some parts of the world For a given microbe, the number of cells or virus particles required to cause an infection (ID50) is always the same, regardless of the portal of entry Zoonoses can spread from animals to humansarrow_forwardWhich of the following is NOT a site colonized by normal microbiota in humans? Skin Brain and spinal cord Large intestine (colon) Mouth None of the other four answers (All are sites where normal microbiota are found)arrow_forwardEscherichia coli is a good indicator of water pollution because this bacterium Group of answer choices -grows only in high-salt environments -forms spores -is commonly found in human intestines -is resistant to most antibiotics -undergoes mutations readily Waterborne diseases begin as -infections -intoxications -diseases -abrasions A major organism considered to cause food-borne infection is Group of answer choices -Salmonella. -Staphylococcus. -Pseudomonas. -Bacillus.arrow_forward
- Allyson Byrd "Adapting Koch's postulates"explain how microbial community sequencing could contribute to the postulate and explain the mechanisms by which microbiome can inhibit infectious diseases .arrow_forwardThe term "colonization" is best described as: a large group of unicellular organisms presence of bacteria on our body that may not necessarily cause harm a virus that will colonize bacteria and make the disease more virulent all of the abovearrow_forwardList 5 ways microorganisms benefit us. Be specific. and don’t copy off google put it into your own words keep it short and simple but be specificarrow_forward
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