Concept explainers
(a)
To determine: The narrow-sense heritability (h2) for each trait in the given problem.
Introduction: The contribution of genotypic variance concerning the total
(b)
To determine: The trait that will respond likely to selection.
Introduction: The term heritability explains the ratio of the total phenotypic variation due to genetic components in a population. The values of heritability are used in animal and plant breeding to point the potential response of a population to artificial selection for a quantitative trait.
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Concepts of Genetics (12th Edition)
- We have learned that the response to selection is equal to the selection differential times the narrow-sense heritability, and that the narrowsense heritability includes only the additive genetic variance. Why aren’t the dominance genetic variance and the gene interaction variance included? Why don’t they contribute to the genetic variation that is acted on by selection?arrow_forwardThe following variances were calculated for two traits in a herd of hogs. Trait VP VG VA Back fat 30.6 12.2 8.44 Body length 52.4 26.4 11.70 (a) Calculate broad-sense (H2) and narrow-sense (h2) heritabilities for each trait in this herd. (b) Which of the two traits will respond best to selection by a breeder? Why?arrow_forwardOne variety of pigs reach maturity at 81 days with a variance of 6.4 days2 while a second variety takes 93 days to reach maturity with a variance of 6.6 days. An F2 population derived from these populations takes 87 days to reach maturity and has a variance of 8.5 days. What is the broad-sense heritability for this trait?arrow_forward
- Two inbred lines of rice are intercrossed. In the F1, the variance in panicle weight is measured to be 12 g2. The F1 is selfed, and in the F2, the variance in panicle weight is 38 g2. Estimate the broad sense heritability of panicle weight in the F2 population of this experiment. If there is no genetic variation within a population for a given trait, what is the broad sense heritability value for the trait in the population?arrow_forwardIn your own words, explain the meaning of the term heritability.Why is a heritability value valid only for a particular population ofindividuals raised in a particular environment?arrow_forwardAssume that human ear length is influenced by multiple genetic and environmental factors. Suppose you measure ear length in three groups of people, in which group A consists of five unrelated people, group B consists of five siblings, and group C consists of five first cousins. a. With the assumption that the environments of all three groups are similar, which group should have the highest phenotypic variance? Explain why. b. Is it realistic to assume that the environmental variance for each group is similar? Explain your answer.arrow_forward
- A danger in computing heritability values from studiesinvolving genetically related individuals is the possibility that theseindividuals share more similar environments than do unrelatedindividuals. In the experiment shown in Figure 24.8, which dataare the most compelling evidence that ridge count is not causedby genetically related individuals sharing common environments?Explainarrow_forwardIn a horse population, three different traits showing continuous distribution were measured,and their variances are shown in the table below:(see image) 1. Calculate the broad sense and narrow sense heritabilities for each trait.2. In the population of animals studied, which trait would respond best to selection for breeding purposes? Explain your answer.arrow_forwardSuppose that in a population of Peacocks the phenotypic variance for tail length is 2.5 and the heritability for this trait is 0.4. From a long-term captive population you also have data from a line of completely inbred individuals. In this line the phenotypic variance among individuals is 0.50. Assume that there is no epistatic variance (VI) for this trait. Calculate the following: What is the total genetic variance for tail length? What is the additive genetic variance? What is the dominance genetic variance? What is the environmental variance? What is the broad-sense heritability (H2)?arrow_forward
- How can we explain the striking contrast in the number of major genes underlying quantitative traits between domesticated animals (where only a few QTLs are typically involved) and humans (where the QTLs for manytraits number in the hundreds)?arrow_forwardIn a horse population, three different traits showing continuous distribution were measures, and their variances are shown in the table below: Calculate the broad sense and narrow sense heritabilities for each trait.arrow_forwardIn a horse population, three diferrent traits showing continuous distribution were measures, and their variances are shown in the table below: Calculate the broad sense and narrow sense heretabilities for each trait.arrow_forward
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