Concepts of Genetics (12th Edition)
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780134604718
Author: William S. Klug, Michael R. Cummings, Charlotte A. Spencer, Michael A. Palladino, Darrell Killian
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 25, Problem 15PDQ
Summary Introduction
To determine: The effect on milk protein content in the next generation when the farmer selects cows producing more butterfat in their milk in the given problem.
Introduction: The contribution of genotypic variance to the total
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The mean weight of cows in a population is 520 kg. Animals with a mean weight of 540 kg are used as parents and produce offspring that have a mean weight of 535 kg. What is the narrow-sense heritability (hN2) for body weight in this population of cows?a. 0.25 c. 0.75b. 0.5 d. 1.0
Two inbred lines of beans are crossed with one another. In the F1 generation, the variance in bean weight is 15. When the F2 generation is self-crossed, the F2 generation has the same mean, with a variance of 60. What is the genetic variance of bean weight in this population?
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Chapter 25 Solutions
Concepts of Genetics (12th Edition)
Ch. 25 - A homozygous plant with 20-cm-diameter flowers is...Ch. 25 - The following table shows measurements for fiber...Ch. 25 - The following cable gives the percentage of twin...Ch. 25 - At an interview with a genetic counselor, a couple...Ch. 25 - Prob. 2CSCh. 25 - At an interview with a genetic counselor, a couple...Ch. 25 - HOW DO WE KNOW? In this chapter, we focused on a...Ch. 25 - CONCEPT QUESTION Review the Chapter Concepts list...Ch. 25 - Define the following: (a) polygenic, (b) additive...Ch. 25 - A dark-red strain and a white strain of wheat are...
Ch. 25 - Height in humans depends on the additive action of...Ch. 25 - An inbred strain of plants has a mean height of 24...Ch. 25 - Erma and Harvey were a compatible barnyard pair,...Ch. 25 - In the following table, average differences of...Ch. 25 - What kind of heritability estimates (broad sense...Ch. 25 - List as many human traits as you can that are...Ch. 25 - Corn plants from a test plot are measured, and the...Ch. 25 - The following variances were calculated for two...Ch. 25 - The mean and variance of plant height of two...Ch. 25 - Prob. 14PDQCh. 25 - Prob. 15PDQCh. 25 - In an assessment of learning in Drosophila, flies...Ch. 25 - Prob. 17PDQCh. 25 - Prob. 18PDQCh. 25 - In a population of 100 inbred, genotypically...Ch. 25 - Many traits of economic or medical significance...Ch. 25 - A 3-inch plant was crossed with a 15-inch plant,...Ch. 25 - In a cross between a strain of large guinea pigs...Ch. 25 - Type A1B brachydactyly (short middle phalanges) is...Ch. 25 - In a series of crosses between two true-breeding...Ch. 25 - Students in a genetics laboratory began an...Ch. 25 - Prob. 26ESPCh. 25 - Canine hip dysplasia is a quantitative trait that...Ch. 25 - Floral traits in plants often play key roles in...Ch. 25 - In 1988, Horst Wilkens investigated blind...
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- Choose the correct answer regarding heritability estimates:Which is more useful for predicting how a population will respond to selection? Which is higher, broad- or narrow-sense heritability?1. broad-sense heritability (H2) 2. narrow-sense heritability (h2)arrow_forwardSuppose that in a population of Peacocks the phenotypic variance for tail length is 2.5 and the heritability for this trait is 0.4. From a long-term captive population you also have data from a line of completely inbred individuals. In this line the phenotypic variance among individuals is 0.50. Assume that there is no epistatic variance (VI) for this trait. Calculate the following: What is the additive genetic variance? What is the dominance genetic variance? What is the environmental variance? What is the broad-sense heritability (H2)?arrow_forwardPlease choose the correct answer. If narrow sense heritability is equal to 1, which of the following is most likely responsible for phenotypic variations? a. additive variance b. dominance variance c. environmental variance d. interactive variancearrow_forward
- The breeders equation describes how heritability is estimated from the slope of a parent-offspring regression True or False?arrow_forwardA hypothetical study investigated the vitamin A content and thecholesterol content of eggs from a large population of chickens.The variances (V) were calculated, as shown at the top of the nextcolumn: Variance Vitamin A CholesterolVP 123.5 862.0VE 96.2 484.6VA 12.0 192.1VD 15.3 185.3 Calculate the narrow-sense heritability (h2) for bothtraits.arrow_forwardWhy is the narrow sense heritability more useful to plant and animal breeders than broad sere heritability?arrow_forward
- Suppose that in a population of Peacocks the phenotypic variance for tail length is 2.5 and the heritability for this trait is 0.4. From a long-term captive population you also have data from a line of completely inbred individuals. In this line the phenotypic variance among individuals is 0.50. Assume that there is no epistatic variance (VI) for this trait. Calculate the following: What is the total genetic variance for tail length? What is the additive genetic variance? What is the dominance genetic variance? What is the environmental variance? What is the broad-sense heritability (H2)?arrow_forwardYou are a rabbit breeder, and you decide that you want rabbits with long fur. Thephenotypic variance of fur length is 4 cm2. The covariance of fur length between betweenfull sibs is 1 cm2. The mean fur length in the initial population is 3 cm. You choose to breedthe top 1/3 of the population with the longest fur, and their mean fur length is 5 cm. Assumethat the covariance between sibs is due to only additive genetic variance.a) What is the narrow sense heritability (h^2 ) of fur length?b) What do you expect the mean fur length to be in the progeny of rabbits you breed?c) How many generations of this selection regime will it take for the mean fur length of thepopulation to be 10 cm? (Assume heritability and additive genetic variance remainunchanged throughout this process.)arrow_forwardThe length of the middle joint of the right index finger was measured in 10 sets of parents and their adult offspring. The mean parental lengths and the mean offspring lengths for each family are listed in the accompanying table. Calculate the regression coefficient for regression of mean offspring length against mean parental length and estimate the narrow-sense heritability for this characteristic. Mean parental length (mm) Mean offspring length (mm) 30 31 35 36 28 31 33 35 26 27 32 30 31 34 29 28 40 38 33 34arrow_forward
- Three characteristics in beef cattle—body weight, fat content, and tenderness—are measured, and the following variance components are estimated: Body weight Fat content Tenderness VA 22 45 12 VD 10 25 5 VI 3 8 2 VE 42 64 8 VGE 0 0 1 In this population, which characteristic would respond best to selection? Explain your reasoning.arrow_forwardGray tree frog (Hyla versicolor) males call to females, and their calls can be characterized bythe pulse number and call period. The additive genetic variance of pulse number is 0.37,the additive genetic variance of call period is 0.16, and the covariance of the two traits is0.25. What is the additive genetic correlation of the two traits?arrow_forwardTwo inbred lines of sunflowers (P1 and P2) produce different total weights of seeds per flower head…. Show more Two inbred lines of sunflowers (P1 and P2) produce different total weights of seeds per flower head. The mean weight (in grams) and the variance of seed weights in different generations are listed in the table below. 1. Use the information to determine VG, VE and VP for this trait. 2. Determine H 2 for this trait. Generation Mean Weight/Head (g) Variance P1 105 3.0 P2 135 3.8 F1 122 3.5 F2 125 7.4 •arrow_forward
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