Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The intermediate generated in the first cycle of the lipogenesis pathway that has a carbon chain that is derived from a C4 hydroxy monoacid has to be identified.
Concept introduction:
Lipogenesis is the process employed for the synthesis of fatty acid. The starting precursor for the synthesis is acetyl CoA. The enzyme employed for the process is fatty acid synthase. It is a multienzyme complex that ties the reaction responsible for the synthesis of fatty acid. The fatty acid is synthesized in two parts. In the first part, there is citrate-malate shuttle system and in the second part, there is a cyclic process to synthesize saturated fatty acid.
The cyclic process occurs in the enzyme fatty acid synthase. The one turn of this cyclic process constitutes four reactions. The various intermediates formed in the process are associated with a carrier protein known as ACP.
Hydroxy monoacid is the compound that has a hydroxy group and carboxylic acid group in its structure. The structure of hydroxy monoacid is:
(b)
Interpretation:
The intermediate generated in the first cycle of the lipogenesis pathway that has a carbon chain that is derived from a C4 saturated monoacid has to be identified.
Concept introduction:
Lipogenesis is the process employed for the synthesis of fatty acid. The starting precursor for the synthesis is acetyl CoA. The enzyme employed for the process is fatty acid synthase. It is a multienzyme complex that ties the reaction responsible for the synthesis of fatty acid. The fatty acid is synthesized in two parts. In the first part, there is citrate-malate shuttle system and in the second part, there is a cyclic process to synthesize saturated fatty acid.
The cyclic process occurs in the enzyme fatty acid synthase. The one turn of this cyclic process constitutes four reactions. The various intermediates formed in the process are associated with a carrier protein known as ACP.
Saturated monoacid is the compound that has no double bond or triple bond but consists of the carboxylic acid group in its structure. The structure of saturated monoacid is:
(c)
Interpretation:
The intermediate generated in the first cycle of the lipogenesis pathway that undergoes a dehydration reaction has to be identified.
Concept introduction:
Lipogenesis is the process employed for the synthesis of fatty acid. The starting precursor for the synthesis is acetyl CoA. The enzyme employed for the process is fatty acid synthase. It is a multienzyme complex that ties the reaction responsible for the synthesis of fatty acid. The fatty acid is synthesized in two parts. In the first part, there is citrate-malate shuttle system and in the second part, there is a cyclic process to synthesize saturated fatty acid.
The cyclic process occurs in the enzyme fatty acid synthase. The one turn of this cyclic process constitutes four reactions. The various intermediates formed in the process are associated with a carrier protein known as ACP.
Dehydration reaction is the reaction in which water molecule is eliminated with the formation of the product.
(d)
Interpretation:
The intermediate generated in the first cycle of the lipogenesis pathway that is produced by a condensation reaction has to be identified.
Concept introduction:
Lipogenesis is the process employed for the synthesis of fatty acid. The starting precursor for the synthesis is acetyl CoA. The enzyme employed for the process is fatty acid synthase. It is a multienzyme complex that ties the reaction responsible for the synthesis of fatty acid. The fatty acid is synthesized in two parts. In the first part, there is citrate-malate shuttle system and in the second part, there is a cyclic process to synthesize saturated fatty acid.
The cyclic process occurs in the enzyme fatty acid synthase. The one turn of this cyclic process constitutes four reactions. The various intermediates formed in the process are associated with a carrier protein known as ACP.
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General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry
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