EBK ECONOMICS TODAY
18th Edition
ISBN: 9780100663251
Author: Miller
Publisher: YUZU
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Chapter 25, Problem 2FCT
To determine
Whether tenured faculty members are fixed labor inputs or not.
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We often work with production technologies that give rise to initially increasing marginal product of labor that eventually decreases. Are the following statements then True or False? Explain.A negative marginal product of labor necessarily implies a downward sloping production frontier at that level of labor input.
Why does a profit-maximizing firm hire workers up to the point where the wage equals the value of marginal product? Show that this condition is identical to the one that requires a profit-maximizing firm to produce the level of output where the price of the output equals the marginal cost of production.
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- Suppose the hourly wage rate is $17, the rental price of capital is $2 and the price of output is constant at $45 per unit. Firm's production technology is q = 4K0.25E0.75, the marginal product of employment is MPE =3K0.25E-0.25 and the marginal product of capital is MPK = K-0.75E0.75. What is firm's optimal demand of labor if firm plans to produce q=26 units of outputs in the long-run? (please keep 1 decimal place in your answer)arrow_forwardSuppose that Zamboni Enterprises is the only company that sells zambonis (ice resurfacing machines). To produce the machines, the company hires assembly workers. Since these workers can work in many different companies, Zamboni Enterprises must pay them the market wage, which is equal to $6. The number of zambonis that the company produces, which is denoted by y, is proportional to the number of assembly workers that it hires, which are denoted by N; in particular, the production function is given by y=0.76N. The economywide demand for zambonis is given by the following demand function: y=2191-219p, where y is the number of zambonis that consumers are willing to purchase at price p. Given this market structure, how many assembly workers will Zamboni Enterprises choose to hire? How many zambonis will Zamboni Enterprises produce and sell?arrow_forwardSuppose that Zamboni Enterprises is the only company that sells zambonis (ice resurfacing machines). To produce the machines, the company hires assembly workers. Since these workers can work in many different companies, Zamboni Enterprises must pay them the market wage, which is equal to $6. The number of zambonis that the company produces, which is denoted by y, is proportional to the number of assembly workers that it hires, which are denoted by N; in particular, the production function is given by y=0.76N. The economywide demand for zambonis is given by the following demand function: y=2191-219p, where y is the number of zambonis that consumers are willing to purchase at price p. Given this market structure, how many assembly workers will Zamboni Enterprises choose to hire? How many zambonis will Zamboni Enterprises produce and sell? What will be the price of a zamboni? If the market for zambonis were competitive, how many zambonis would be produced? If the market for…arrow_forward
- Suppose that Zamboni Enterprises is the only company that sells zambonis (ice resurfacing machines). To produce the machines, the company hires assembly workers. Since these workers can work in many different companies, Zamboni Enterprises must pay them the market wage, which is equal to $6. The number of zambonis that the company produces, which is denoted by y, is proportional to the number of assembly workers that it hires, which are denoted by N; in particular, the production function is given by y=0.76N. The economywide demand for zambonis is given by the following demand function: y=2191-219p, where y is the number of zambonis that consumers are willing to purchase at price p. If the market for zambonis were competitive, how many zambonis would be produced? If the market for zambonis were competitive, how many assembly workers would be hired? If the market for zambonis were competitive, at what price would zambonis be sold?arrow_forwardSuppose the firm is hiring labor and capital and that the ratio of marginal products of the two inputs equals the ratio of input prices. Does this imply that the firm is maximizing profits? Why or why not?arrow_forward“After the fifth worker is hired at the hourly wage $40, the output rate increases from 64 pairs of shoes per hour to 72 pairs per hour.” Given the statement, which of the following is correct after the fifth worker is hired? Group of answer choices The marginal cost (MC) becomes $8. The marginal physical product (MPP) per labor hour becomes 5. The marginal cost (MC) becomes $5. The marginal physical product (MPP) per labor hour becomes $40.arrow_forward
- Consider a firm for which production depends on two normal inputs, labor and capital, with prices w and r, respectively. Initially, the firm faces market prices of w=$5 and r=$15. Assume the firm has a cost budget of $1,500. a. Using the isoquant-isocost model, graphically show the optimal level of employment for this firm in the long run.b. Suppose the government now imposes a minimum wage of $10 for workers. Using the same graph as part a, graphically show the impact of the minimum wage on the optimal level of employment in the long run.c. Refer to the initial situation described in part a. Now suppose a new innovation causes the price of capital to fall to $10. Using a new isoquant-isocost model, graphically show how this change impacts the optimal levels of employment and capital in the long run. Clearly identify the resulting scale and substitution effects caused by the lower cost of capital.arrow_forwardWidget factory Inc. in Wisconsin has the following production function: F(L,K)=2L L represents the number of labours hours. Workers at this factory are paid an hourly wage of $30 and they rent capital at$25/ hour.since this is a competitive market, the factory output is $50 per unit. Let's pretend the firm operates in the short run with capital fixed at 900, how many workers would widget factory Inc employ? What is their profit rate?arrow_forwardThe production engineers at Impact Industries have derived the optimal combinations of labor and capital. These are the only two inputs used by Impact. The following chart shows the combinations of labor and capital for three levels of output. Q is the output level. L* is the optimal amount of labor. K* is the optimal amount of capital. The price of labor is $90 per unit. The price of capital is $15 per unit. Q L* K* 120 5 20 180 7 7 240 12 24 a) If the manager of Impact Industries decides to produce 120 units, what will the long-run total cost and long-run average cost of producing 120 units? Show all calculations. b) If the manager of Impact Industries decides to produce 180 units, what will the long-run total cost and long-run average cost of producing 180 units? Show all calculations. c) If the manager of Impact Industries decides to produce 240 units, what will the long-run total cost and long-run average cost of producing 240…arrow_forward
- The production engineers at Impact Industries have derived the optimal combinations of labor and capital. These are the only two inputs used by Impact. The following chart shows the combinations of labor and capital for three levels of output. Q is the output level. L* is the optimal amount of labor. K* is the optimal amount of capital. The price of labor is $90 per unit. The price of capital is $15 per unit. Q L* K* 120 5 20 180 7 7 240 12 24 a) If the manager of Impact Industries decides to produce 120 units, what will the long-run total cost and long-run average cost of producing 120 units? Show all calculations. b) If the manager of Impact Industries decides to produce 180 units, what will the long-run total cost and long-run average cost of producing 180 units? Show all calculations. c) If the manager of Impact Industries decides to produce 240 units, what will the long-run total cost and long-run average cost of producing 240…arrow_forwardThe production engineers at Impact Industries have derived the optimal combinations of labor and capital. These are the only two inputs used by Impact. The following chart shows the combinations of labor and capital for three levels of output. Q is the output level. L* is the optimal amount of labor. K* is the optimal amount of capital. The price of labor is $90 per unit. The price of capital is $15 per unit. Q L* K* 120 5 20 180 7 7 240 12 24 a) If the manager of Impact Industries decides to produce 120 units, what will the long-run total cost and long-run average cost of producing 120 units? Show all calculations. b) If the manager of Impact Industries decides to produce 180 units, what will the long-run total cost and long-run average cost of producing 180 units? Show all calculations.arrow_forwardGoleta Brewing Company hires only two types of labor, managers and brewing assistants (denoted M and B, respectively). GBC has the following Cobb-Douglas production function F(M,B) = M.5 B.5 and wants to produce 10 barrels of pale ale this week. If the wage of managers is $50 per hour and the wage of brewing assistants is $10 per hour, how many managers and brewing assistants should the firm hire (round to nearest whole number)? How does your answer change when the wage of managers decreases to $30 per hour and the wage of brewing assistants remains constant. Is this result consistent with your intuition?arrow_forward
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