Biology
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781260487947
Author: BROOKER
Publisher: MCG
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Textbook Question
Chapter 25, Problem 9TY
The concept that the preferred hypothesis is the one that is the simplest is
- a. phylogeny.
- b. cladistics.
- c. the principle of parsimony.
- d. maximum likelihood.
- e. both b and d.
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To apply parsimony to constructing a phylogenetic tree, (A) choose the tree that assumes all evolutionary changes are equally probable. (B) choose the tree in which the branch points are based on as many shared derived characters as possible. (C) choose the tree that represents the fewest evolutionary changes,in either DNA sequences or morphology. (D) choose the tree with the fewest branch points.
What kind of trait is important to cladistics? a. shared derived traits b. shared ancestral traits c. analogous traits d. parsimonious traits
Which method of building phylogenetic trees relies on both the number of evolutionary transitions on the phylogenetic tree and the likelihood of the evolutionary transitions?
a.
Maximum Credibility
b.
Maximum Likelihood
c.
Parsimony
d.
Bootstrapping
Chapter 25 Solutions
Biology
Ch. 25.1 - Prob. 1CSCh. 25.1 - Prob. 1CCCh. 25.2 - Can two different species have more than one...Ch. 25.2 - Prob. 2CCCh. 25.3 - What shared derived character is common to the...Ch. 25.3 - Prob. 2CCCh. 25.3 - Prob. 3CCCh. 25.3 - Prob. 1EQCh. 25.3 - Prob. 2EQCh. 25.3 - Prob. 3EQ
Ch. 25.4 - Prob. 1CSCh. 25.5 - Prob. 1CCCh. 25 - Prob. 1TYCh. 25 - Which of the following is the correct order of the...Ch. 25 - Prob. 3TYCh. 25 - Which of the following characteristics is (are)...Ch. 25 - Which of the following occur at branch points, or...Ch. 25 - Prob. 6TYCh. 25 - Prob. 7TYCh. 25 - A goal of modern taxonomy is to a. classify all...Ch. 25 - The concept that the preferred hypothesis is the...Ch. 25 - Prob. 10TYCh. 25 - Prob. 1CQCh. 25 - What is a molecular clock? How is it useful in the...Ch. 25 - Core Concept: Evolution What are some advantages...Ch. 25 - Prob. 1COQCh. 25 - Prob. 2COQ
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- Which of the following assumptions is not part ofcladistics?a. A lineage’s characters change over time.b. All species share common ancestry.c. Each lineage branches from another lineage.d. Similar body parts are evidence of a recentdivergencearrow_forwardWhich type of characteristic would be MOST helpful in constructing a phylogenetic tree? a. A characteristic found in none of the selected organisms b. A characteristic found in one of the selected organisms c. A characteristic found in 2-5 of the selected organisms d. A chracteristic found in all of the selected organismsarrow_forwardAn approach that is used to construct a phylogenetic tree is a. cladistics and the principle of parsimony. b. phenetics. c. maximum likelihood or Bayesian methods. d. all of the above.arrow_forward
- Which assumption of cladistics is stated incorrectly? a. Living things are related by descent from a common ancestor. b. Speciation can produce one, two, or three new species. c. Traits change from one state to another. d. The polarity of a character state change can be determined.arrow_forwardWhich method of building phylogenetic trees relies only on minimizing the number of evolutionary transitions on the phylogenetic tree? a. Parsimony b. Maximum Likelihood c. Boostrapping d. Maximum Credibilityarrow_forwardCladistic methods: a. have distinct criteria for recognizing genera versus species. b. rely equally on all traits that can be measured or observed. c. cannot be used below the level of the species (e.g., to identify races). d. classify organisms based on shared ancestry e. all of the above are correctarrow_forward
- Consider the cladograms below Which species is extinct in both cladograms? In which cladogram are species B & C most closely related? Question 6 options: C; the one on the left E; The one on the right E; There is no way to tell/insufficient information is provided B; the one on the leftarrow_forwardWhich assumption of cladistics is stated incorrectly?a. Living things are related by descent from a common ancestor.b. Speciation can produce one, two, or three new species.c. Traits change from one state to another.d. The polarity of a character state change can be determined.arrow_forwardWhat is an Analogy? A) When an anatomic feature is shared among organisms and their descendants B) When two organisms appear the same C) When convergent evolution produces similar phenotypesarrow_forward
- Which of the following is TRUE about a phylogenetic tree? It provides a drawing the reflects the proven relationships between living and extinct species. b It provides a hypothetical model of the relationships between extinct species. c It provides a hypothetical model of the relationships between living and extinct species. d It a diagram used by scientists that provides a model of evolutionary relationships without the need for scientific data.arrow_forwardWhat is Sympatric speciation? A) When a population is separated from the main group by a barrier and becomes a new species B) When a population mutates into a new species C) When a population develops into a new species without any physical barriers to isolate themarrow_forwardWhat is Allopatric speciation? A) When a population is separated from the main group by a barrier and becomes a new species B) When a population mutates into a new species C) When a population develops into a new species without any physical barriers to isolate themarrow_forward
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