Interpretation:
The hydrogen bonding exists in structure and the sequence of each strand of DNA has to be predicted.
Concept Introduction:
Composition of
Base pairing in DNA: The two strands of the DNA double helix run in the opposite directions- one in 5’ to 3’ direction and other from 3’ to 5’ direction. The hydrogen bonding between two strands enhances the stability of the DNA; where the alignment of hydrophobic nitrogenous bases in the interior and hydrophilic phosphate and sugar groups on the exterior also enhance the stability. Adenine and thymine gives a pair forming two hydrogen bonds and cytosine and guanine gives rise to another pair forming three hydrogen bonds.
Sugar: In both DNA and RNA, sugar portion is found. In DNA, the sugar is D-ribose, where at 2’hydroxyl group is absent and in RNA, the hydroxyl group is present at 2’.
Nucleotide: (Nucleoside + phosphate)
Nucleotides are the building blocks of nuclei acids; monomers of DNA and RNA
Nitrogenous bases: Five types of nitrogenous bases (has unique one-letter code A, G, T, U, and C) are derived from two parent compounds called purine and pyrimidine. The purine derivatives are Adenine and Guanine are two fused nitrogen containing rings. The pyrimidine derivatives are Thymine, Cytosine, and Uracil has a six-membered nitrogen ring. Adenine, Guanine, Thymine, and Cytosine are the nitrogenous bases present in DNA. Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine and Uracil are the nitrogenous bases present in RNA.
Numbering the atoms in sugar and base rings:
In order to distinguish the atoms in the sugar of a nucleoside and atoms of a base ring, numbers without prime is used for atoms in the base ring and numbers with prime used for the atoms in the sugar ring.
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 26 Solutions
FUND.OF GENERAL,ORG.+BIO.CHEM.(LL)-PKG
- How many kilobases of the DNA strand below will code for the protein product?arrow_forwardWhat are the base-pairing rules for DNA? a. A-G, T-C c. A-T, G-C b. A-C, T-G d. A-A, G-G, C-C, T-Tarrow_forwardTranslate the sequence of bases in the previous question, starting at the second base.arrow_forward
- Chemical analysis shows that a nucleic acid sample contains A, U, C, and G. Is this DNA or RNA? Why?arrow_forwardDNA contains many hydrogen bonds. Are hydrogen bonds stronger or weaker than covalent bonds? What are the consequences of this difference in strength?arrow_forwardType the matching bases below in each DNA sequences. A T T C G A C G T Carrow_forward
- List the DNA bases that will complementary base pair with the following sequence: A-G-C-T-A-C-Garrow_forwardThe light blue RNA strand is complementary to which DNA strand in this figure? To which DNA strand is the pink RNA strand complementary?arrow_forwardDRAW A DNA STRAND WITH 10 ADENINE BASES FOLLOWED BY 10 CYTOSINE BASES. IF THAT SAME STRAND BONDED TO A STRAND OF 15 THYMINE BASE AND 5 GUANINE BASES, HOW WOULD THE DOUBLE HELIC SHAPE VARY FROM A TYPICAL DNA DOUBLE HELIX?arrow_forward
- What sequence of bases on one strand of DNA (reading in the 3′ to 5′ direction) is complementary to the sequence 5′ T-A-T-G-C-A-G 3′ on the other strand?arrow_forwardDraw a stylized diagram of double-stranded DNA. Use a pentagon for sugar, a circle for phosphate and a square for bases. Label each base A, T, C or G. Show two pairs of nucleotides connected via hydrogen bonds (use all 4 letters). Show the polarity of each strand and clearly indicate the number of hydrogen bonds in each pair of nucleotides. Draw a solid-line circle around a nucleotide. Draw a dashed-line circle around a nucleoside. Indicate a phosphodiester bond using an arrow.arrow_forwardIf one strand of a DNA molecule has the base sequence 5′-AGCATTAAGCT-3′, what is the base sequence of the other, complementary strand?arrow_forward
- Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Co...BiologyISBN:9781305251052Author:Michael CummingsPublisher:Cengage LearningBiology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap...BiologyISBN:9781337408332Author:Cecie Starr, Ralph Taggart, Christine Evers, Lisa StarrPublisher:Cengage Learning
- Biology Today and Tomorrow without Physiology (Mi...BiologyISBN:9781305117396Author:Cecie Starr, Christine Evers, Lisa StarrPublisher:Cengage Learning