Bio 121 Campbell Biology Truman College
17th Edition
ISBN: 9781323670637
Author: Urry, Cain
Publisher: PEARSON
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Question
Chapter 26.5, Problem 2CC
Summary Introduction
To explain: The reason why numerous base changes in a genome have no effect on the organism’s fitness.
Concept introduction:
Mutations are heritable changes in the genome. It causes diversity in genes. Mutation may be due to chromosomal rearrangement or base changes in DNA such as
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11 del
156 Chapter 13
Mutations are
the source
of all change.
? QUESTION
Kaybee Kauffer.
3. If a rabbit with the defective gene is not fed plants with the pigment,
what color is its fat?
Can you see how the environment influences the expression of a trait?
4. What is different about a gene that creates albino color?
5. Describe the variation in the appearance among individuals in a
population when a trait is single-gene controlled compared to a trait
that is multiple-gene controlled.
Mutations
A mutation is a change in the sequence of nucleotides in the gene
(DNA). A gene can be mutated (changed) by radiation, chemicals in the
environment, or other spontaneous events that are surprisingly common
on this planet.
1. Which amino acid is supposed to be lined up at codon 6?
(Hint: Refer to the table in Exercise #2.)
Glutamic Acid
GAA
10 na na na na na na na nangy
W
Codon 6
2. What would happen if a mutation in DNA changed codon 6 in the
mRNA to GUA? (This one nucleotide substitution creates…
01 Source of DNA Base Percentage Adenine Guanine Cytosine Thymine Sca urchin 32.8 17.7 17.3 32.1 Salmon 29.7 20.8 20.4 29.1 Wheat 28.1 21.8 22.7 E; coli 24.7 26.0 Human 30.4 29.0 a) Explain how the sea urchin and salmon data demonstrate both of Chargaff's rules Using Chargaff's rules, fill in the table with your predictions of the missing percentages of bases starting with the wheat genome and proceeding through coli, human; and ox. Show how you arrived at your answers_ c) If Chargaff's rule-that the amount of A equals the amount of T and the amount of C equals the amount of G ~is valid, then hypothetically we could extrapolate this to the combined DNA of all species on Earth (like one huge Earth genome) . To see whether the data in the table support this hypothesis, calculate the average percentage for each base in your completed table by averaging the values in each column: Does Chargaff's equivalence rule still hold true?
Chapter 26 Solutions
Bio 121 Campbell Biology Truman College
Ch. 26.1 - VISUAL SKILLS: Which levels of the classification...Ch. 26.1 - Prob. 2CCCh. 26.1 - DRAW IT The bear family (Ursidae) is more closety...Ch. 26.2 - Decide whether each of the following pairs of...Ch. 26.2 - Prob. 2CCCh. 26.3 - Prob. 1CCCh. 26.3 - Prob. 2CCCh. 26.3 - WHAT IF? Draw a phylogenetic tree that includes...Ch. 26.4 - Explain how comparing proteins of two species can...Ch. 26.4 - WHAT IF? Suppose gene A is orthologous in species...
Ch. 26.4 - Prob. 3CCCh. 26.5 - What is a molecular clock? What assumption...Ch. 26.5 - Prob. 2CCCh. 26.5 - WHAT IF? Suppose a molecular dock dates the...Ch. 26.6 - Why is the kingdom Monera no longer considered a...Ch. 26.6 - Prob. 2CCCh. 26.6 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Explain how the origin of...Ch. 26 - Humans and chimpanzees are sister species. Explain...Ch. 26 - Why is it necessary to distinguish homology from...Ch. 26 - Prob. 26.3CRCh. 26 - When reconstructing phylogenies, is it more useful...Ch. 26 - Prob. 26.5CRCh. 26 - Prob. 26.6CRCh. 26 - In a comparison of birds and mammals, the...Ch. 26 - To appiy parsimony to constructing a phylogenetic...Ch. 26 - VISUAL SKILLS In Figure 26.4, which similarly...Ch. 26 - Three living species X, Y, and Z share a common...Ch. 26 - VISUAL SKILLS Based on the tree below, which...Ch. 26 - If you were using cladistics to build a...Ch. 26 - VISUAL SKILLS The relative lengths of the frog and...Ch. 26 - EVOLUTION CONNECTION Darwin suggested looking at a...Ch. 26 - SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY DRAW IT (a) Draw a...Ch. 26 - WRITE ABOUT A THEME: INFORMATION In a Short essay...Ch. 26 - SYNTHESIZE YOUR KNOWLEDGE This West Indian manatee...
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- U Introduction to Bioinformatics Midterm AA 18- Protein sequences can be more informative than DNA sequences. Which of the following is NOT one of the reasons? a) Most of the changes in a DNA sequence do not change the amino acid that is specified. b) Protein sequences can provide information on SNPs and differences between individuals that are not translated. sequences. uskudar-sinav-Ims.almscloud.net c) Many amino acids share related biophysical properties and these relationships in an alignment can be used for scoring systems. d) There are 20 characters (amino acids) in a protein sequence whereas DNA has 4 characters (nucleotide bases). e) Protein sequences offer a longer look-back time than DNA Leave blank Closearrow_forward8arrow_forward36 What is the result of the bottleneck effect? Select an answer and submit. For keyboard navigation, use the up/down arrow keys to select an answer, a increased genetic variation within a species decreased genetic variation within a species increased adaptation of a species increased migration of a speciesarrow_forward
- Concept 23. A gene is a discrete sequence of DNA nucleotides. This concept describes the discovery of the DNA sequencing technique that made modern biology and bioinformatics possible. The method was later used to sequence the human genome and genomes of many other organisms. This led to the accumulation of great numbers of nucleotide and protein sequences in the numerous databases. The concept 23 web page is here: http://www.dnaftb.org/23/ After reading the Concept page, answer the following questions. What was the Mendel’s definition of a gene? How was it different from the definition by Beadle and Tatum? Describe proteins based on the early sequencing efforts. What was the definition of a protein coding gene based on the genetic code? What are the beginning and ending codons of the gene’s protein coding sequence? What is the name of the method that makes use of a “defective” DNA nucleotide? After reviewing the Animation pages, answer the following…arrow_forwardAsaparrow_forwardImagine you are trying to test whether a population of flowers is undergoing evolution. You suspect there is selection pressure on the color of the flower: bees seem to cluster around the red flowers more often than the blue flowers. In a separate experiment, you discover blue flower color is dominant to red flower color. In a field, you count 600 blue flowers and 200 red flowers. What would you expect the genetic structure of the flowers to be?arrow_forward
- 17. The effect sizes for the SNPS linked to performance on IQ tests are very very small. Why does that make it unlikely that we can genetically engineer humans with super high IQ? 18. True or False: Diseases such as type II diabetes and lung cancer are likely caused by mutations to a single gene. Explain your answer. 19. True or False: SNPS that are associated to disease using GWAS design should be immediately consid- ered for further molecular functional studies. Explain your answer.arrow_forward216 Inquiry into Life Laboratory Manual, 16th Edition ©2020 Mader Experimental Procedure: Wing Length and Body Color in Drosophila If your instructor has frozen flies available, cross out the numbers in Table 22.4 and use the stereomicroscope or a hand lens to count the flies of each type given in Table 22.4. Otherwise simply use the data supplied for you in Table 22.4. Table 22.4 Wing Length and Body Color in Drosophila* Phenotypes Long Gray Long Ebony Short Short Phenotypic Gray Ebony Ratio Number of offspring 28 32 28 30 Class data 128 120 120 120 *Wings and body are understood in this table. Conclusions: Wing Length and Body Color in Drosophila • Calculate the actual phenotypic ratio based on the data and record in Table 22.4. Do the results differ from the expected ratio per individual data?. Per class data? Explain your answer. Two-Trait Genetics Problems 1. In tomatoes, tall is dominant and short is recessive. Red fruit is dominant and yellow fruit is recessive. Choose a key for…arrow_forwardPlease ASAP. Thankyouarrow_forward
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