Organic Chemistry (Looseleaf)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9780077640194
Author: SMITH
Publisher: MCG
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Chapter 28, Problem 28.79P
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation: The structure of the trisaccharide (X) from the given information is to be deduced.
Concept introduction: Monosaccharide is the simplest form of carbohydrate. It possesses either
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Raffinose is a trisaccharide (C18H32O16) isolated from cottonseed meal. Raffinose doesnot reduce Tollens reagent, and it does not mutarotate. Complete hydrolysis of raffinosegives d-glucose, d-fructose, and d-galactose. When raffinose is treated with invertase,the products are d-fructose and a reducing disaccharide called melibiose. Raffinose isunaffected by treatment with a b@galactosidase, but an a@galactosidase hydrolyzes itto d-galactose and sucrose. When raffinose is treated with dimethyl sulfate and basefollowed by hydrolysis, the products are 2,3,4-tri-O-methylglucose, 1,3,4,6-tetraO-methylfructose, and 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-methylgalactose. Determine the completestructures of raffinose and melibiose, and give a systematic name for melibiose.
An unknown disaccharide is subjected to methylation with CH3I followed by acid hydrolysis. The reaction yields 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-methyl-D-glucose and 2,3,4-tri-O-
methyl-D-glucose. Draw the structure of the unknown disaccharide.
Trehalose is a nonreducing disaccharide (C12H22O11) isolated from the poisonous mushroom Amanita muscaria. Treatment with an a@glucosidase converts trehalose to two molecules of glucose, but no reaction occurs when trehalose is treated with a b@glucosidase.When trehalose is methylated by dimethyl sulfate in mild base and then hydrolyzed,the only product is 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-methylglucose. Propose a complete structure andsystematic name for trehalose.
Chapter 28 Solutions
Organic Chemistry (Looseleaf)
Ch. 28 - Prob. 28.1PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.2PCh. 28 - Label each stereogenic center as R or S. a. b. c....Ch. 28 - Convert the ball-and-stick model to a Fischer...Ch. 28 - Prob. 28.5PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.6PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.7PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.8PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.9PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.10P
Ch. 28 - Prob. 28.11PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.12PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.13PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.14PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.15PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.16PCh. 28 - Draw a stepwise mechanism for the following...Ch. 28 - Prob. 28.18PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.19PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.20PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.21PCh. 28 - Draw the products formed when D-arabinose is...Ch. 28 - Prob. 28.23PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.24PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.25PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.26PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.27PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.28PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.29PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.30PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.31PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.32PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.33PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.34PCh. 28 - Problem-28.35
Draw the structures of the...Ch. 28 - Prob. 28.36PCh. 28 - 28.37 Convert each ball-and-stick model to a...Ch. 28 - Prob. 28.38PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.39PCh. 28 - Convert each compound to a Fischer projection and...Ch. 28 - Prob. 28.41PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.42PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.43PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.44PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.45PCh. 28 - Draw both pyranose anomers of each aldohexose...Ch. 28 - Prob. 28.47PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.48PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.49PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.50PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.51PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.52PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.53PCh. 28 - What products are formed when each compound is...Ch. 28 - Prob. 28.55PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.56PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.57PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.58PCh. 28 - 28.58 Draw a stepwise mechanism for the following...Ch. 28 - Prob. 28.60PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.61PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.62PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.63PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.64PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.65PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.66PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.67PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.68PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.69PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.70PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.71PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.72PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.73PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.74PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.75PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.76PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.77PCh. 28 - Draw a stepwise mechanism for the following...Ch. 28 - Prob. 28.79P
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- Consider the tetrasaccharide stachyose drawn below. Stachyose is found in white jasmine, soybeans, and lentils. Because humans cannot digest it, its consumption causes flatulence.a. Label all glycoside bonds.b. Classify each glycosidic linkage as α or β and use numbers to designate its location between two rings (e.g., 1→4-β).c. What products are formed when stachyose is hydrolyzed with H3O+?d. Is stachyose a reducing sugar?e. What product is formed when stachyose is treated with excess CH3I, Ag2O?f. What products are formed when the product in (e) is treated with H3O+?arrow_forwardSuppose you have two simple sugars, D-arabinose and L-tagatose. Both sugars cyclize and form a non-reducing disaccharide with the glycosidic bond oriented in the alpha position relative to each monosaccharide's structure. Give the full biochemical name for this disaccharide.arrow_forwardConsider the tetrasaccharide stachyose drawn below. Stachyose is found in white jasmine, soybeans, and lentils. Because humans cannot digest it, its consumption causes flatulence.a. Label all glycoside bonds.b. Classify each glycosidic linkage as αα or ββ and use numbers to designate its location between two rings (e.g., 1→→4-ββ)-c. What products are formed when stachyose is hydrolyzed with H33O++?d. Is stachyose a reducing sugar?e. What product is formed when stachyose is treated with excess CH33I, Ag22O?f. What products are formed when the product in (e) is treated with H33O++?arrow_forward
- β-Galactosidase is an enzyme that hydrolyses only β(1,4) linkages of lactose. An unknown trisaccharide is converted by β-galactosidase into maltose and galactose. Draw the structure of the trisaccharide.arrow_forwardRegarding 4-O- (α-D-psychofuranosyl) -β-D-allopyranose. Please indicate the RIGHT alternative: (a) The disaccharide reacts with CH3OH in an acid medium to form a glycoside that cannot be oxidized with HNO3. (b) It is a reducing disaccharide only in basic medium. (c) In the structure there is only one glycosidic bond that is of the type β 1-O-4 ' (d) The hydrolysis products of this disaccharide do not show mutarrotation. (e) The disaccharide structure contains two six-membered rings.arrow_forwarda) Draw Haworth projections of both - and -anomers of D-fructose. Indicate which carbon is the anomeric carbon.b) Sucrose is a disaccharide made up of a molecule of D-fructose and D-glucose. Draw the structure of sucrose clearly indicating the linkage between the two monosaccharides and its biological significance.c) Tollen’s reagent is a very mild oxidizing agent which normally oxidize aldehydes but not ketones. However, both glucose and fructose give positive results with Tollen’s reagent and are classified as reducing sugars. Explain how fructose can also give positive results with Tollen’s reagent (illustrate using structures).arrow_forward
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