Concept explainers
Journal:
Journal is the book of original entry. Journal consists of the day-to-day financial transactions in a chronological order. The journal has two aspects; they are debit aspect and the credit aspect.
Rules of debit and credit:
“An increase in an asset account, an increase in an expense account, a decrease in liability account, and a decrease in a revenue account should be debited.
Similarly, an increase in liability account, an increase in a revenue account and a decrease in an asset account, a decrease in an expenses account should be credited”.
To journalize: The issuance of common stock, the bank loan obtained by issuing note, the purchase of equipment, The payment made for office rent, the payment of supplies, the purchase of advertisement on account, the service rendered partly for cash, and partly on accounts, the dividend paid to stockholders, the payment made for the utility bill, the payment of due for advertisement, the payment of interest for bank loan, the payment of salaries, The cash received from customer, the income tax paid.
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FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING: TOOLS WP ACCESS
- In March, T. Carter established Carter Delivery Service. The account headings are presented below. Transactions completed during the month of March follow. a. Carter deposited 25,000 in a bank account in the name of the business. b. Bought a used truck from Degroot Motors for 15,140, paying 5,140 in cash and placing the remainder on account. c. Bought equipment on account from Flemming Company, 3,450. d. Paid the rent for the month, 1,000, Ck. No. 3001. e. Sold services for cash for the first half of the month, 6,927. f. Bought supplies for cash, 301, Ck. No. 3002. g. Bought insurance for the truck for the year, 1,200, Ck. No. 3003. h. Received and paid the bill for utilities, 349, Ck. No. 3004. i. Received a bill for gas and oil for the truck, 218. j. Sold services on account, 3,603. k. Sold services for cash for the remainder of the month, 4,612. l. Paid wages to the employees, 3,958, Ck. Nos. 30053007. m. Carter withdrew cash for personal use, 1,250, Ck. No. 3008. Required 1. Record the transactions and the balance after each transaction 2. Total the left side of the accounting equation (left side of the equal sign), then total the right side of the accounting equation (right side of the equal sign). If the two totals are not equal, check the addition and subtraction. If you still cannot find the error, re-analyze each transaction.arrow_forwardOn March 1 of this year, B. Gervais established Gervais Catering Service. The account headings are presented below. Transactions completed during the month follow. a. Gervais deposited 25,000 in a bank account in the name of the business. b. Bought a truck from Kelly Motors for 26,329, paying 8,000 in cash and placing the balance on account, Ck. No. 500. c. Bought catering equipment on account from Luigis Equipment, 3,795. d. Paid the rent for the month, 1,255, Ck. No. 501. e. Bought insurance for the truck for one year, 400, Ck. No. 502. f. Sold catering services for cash for the first half of the month, 3,012. g. Bought supplies for cash, 185, Ck. No. 503. h. Sold catering services on account, 4,307. i. Received and paid the heating bill, 248, Ck. No. 504. j. Received a bill from GC Gas and Lube for gas and oil for the truck, 128. k. Sold catering services for cash for the remainder of the month, 2,649. l. Gervais withdrew cash for personal use, 1,550, Ck. No. 505. m. Paid the salary of the assistant, 1,150, Ck. No. 506. Required 1. Record the transactions and the balance after each transaction. 2. Total the left side of the accounting equation (left side of the equal sign), then total the right side of the accounting equation (right side of the equal sign). If the two totals are not equal, check the addition and subtraction. If you still cannot find the error, re-analyze each transaction.arrow_forwardIn March, T. Carter established Carter Delivery Service. The account headings are presented below. Transactions completed during the month of March follow. a. Carter deposited 25,000 in a bank account in the name of the business. b. Bought a used truck from Degroot Motors for 15,140, paying 5,140 in cash and placing the remainder on account. c. Bought equipment on account from Flemming Company, 3,450. d. Paid the rent for the month, 1,000, Ck. No. 3001 (Rent Expense). e. Sold services for cash for the first half of the month, 6,927 (Service Income). f. Bought supplies for cash, 301, Ck. No. 3002. g. Bought insurance for the truck for the year, 1,200, Ck. No. 3003. h. Received and paid the bill for utilities, 349, Ck. No. 3004 (Utilities Expense). i. Received a bill for gas and oil for the truck, 218 (Gas and Oil Expense). j. Sold services on account, 3,603 (Service Income). k. Sold services for cash for the remainder of the month, 4,612 (Service Income). l. Paid wages to the employees, 3,958, Ck. Nos. 30053007 (Wages Expense). m. Carter withdrew cash for personal use, 1,250, Ck. No. 3008. Required 1. In the equation, write the owners name above the terms Capital and Drawing. 2. Record the transactions and the balance after each transaction. Identify the account affected when the transaction involves revenues or expenses. 3. Write the account totals from the left side of the equals sign and add them. Write the account totals from the right side of the equals sign and add them. If the two totals are not equal, check the addition and subtraction. If you still cannot find the error, re-analyze each transaction.arrow_forward
- On July 1, K. Resser opened Ressers Business Services. Ressers accountant listed the following chart of accounts: The following transactions were completed during July: a. Resser deposited 25,000 in a bank account in the name of the business. b. Bought tables and chairs for cash, 725, Ck. No. 1200. c. Paid the rent for the current month, 1,750, Ck. No. 1201. d. Bought computers and copy machines from Ferber Equipment, 15,700, paying 4,000 in cash and placing the balance on account, Ck. No. 1202. e. Bought supplies on account from Wigginss Distributors, 535. f. Sold services for cash, 1,742. g. Bought insurance for one year, 1,375, Ck. No. 1203. h. Paid on account to Ferber Equipment, 700, Ck. No. 1204. i. Received and paid the electric bill, 438, Ck. No. 1205. j. Paid on account to Wigginss Distributors, 315, Ck. No. 1206. k. Sold services to customers for cash for the second half of the month, 820. l. Received and paid the bill for the business license, 75, Ck. No. 1207. m. Paid wages to an employee, 1,200, Ck. No. 1208. n. Resser withdrew cash for personal use, 700, Ck. No. 1209. Required 1. Record the owners name in the Capital and Drawing T accounts. 2. Correctly place the plus and minus signs for each T account and label the debit and credit sides of the accounts. 3. Record the transactions in the T accounts. Write the letter of each entry to identify the transaction. 4. Foot the T accounts and show the balances. 5. Prepare a trial balance as of July 31, 20--. 6. Prepare an income statement for July 31, 20--. 7. Prepare a statement of owners equity for July 31, 20--. 8. Prepare a balance sheet as of July 31, 20--. LO 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6arrow_forwardOn March 1 of this year, B. Gervais established Gervais Catering Service. The account headings are presented below. Transactions completed during the month follow. a. Gervais deposited 25,000 in a bank account in the name of the business. b. Bought a truck from Kelly Motors for 26,329, paying 8,000 in cash and placing the balance on account, Ck. No. 500. c. Bought catering equipment on account from Luigis Equipment, 3,795. d. Paid the rent for the month, 1,255, Ck. No. 501 (Rent Expense). e. Bought insurance for the truck for one year, 400, Ck. No. 502. f. Sold catering services for cash for the first half of the month, 3,012 (Catering Income). g. Bought supplies for cash, 185, Ck. No. 503. h. Sold catering services on account, 4,307 (Catering Income). i. Received and paid the heating bill, 248, Ck. No. 504 (Utilities Expense). j. Received a bill from GC Gas and Lube for gas and oil for the truck, 128 (Gas and Oil Expense). k. Sold catering services for cash for the remainder of the month, 2,649 (Catering Income). l. Gervais withdrew cash for personal use, 1,550, Ck. No. 505. m. Paid the salary of the assistant, 1,150, Ck. No. 506 (Salary Expense). Required 1. In the equation, write the owners name above the terms Capital and Drawing. 2. Record the transactions and the balance after each transaction. Identify the account affected when the transaction involves revenues or expenses. 3. Write the account totals from the left side of the equals sign and add them. Write the account totals from the right side of the equals sign and add them. If the two totals are not equal, check the addition and subtraction. If you still cannot find the error, re-analyze each transaction.arrow_forwardPrepare journal entries to record the following transactions for the month of November: A. on first day of the month, issued common stock for cash, $20,000 B. on third day of month, purchased equipment for cash, $10,500 C. on tenth day of month, received cash for accounting services, $14,250 D. on fifteenth day of month, paid miscellaneous expenses, $3,200 E. on last day of month, paid employee salaries, $8,600arrow_forward
- P. Schwartz, Attorney at Law, opened his office on October 1. The account headings are presented below. Transactions completed during the month follow. a. Schwartz deposited 25,000 in a bank account in the name of the business. b. Bought office equipment on account from QuipCo, 9,670. c. Schwartz invested his personal law library, which cost 2,800. d. Paid the office rent for the month, 1,700, Ck. No. 2000. e. Bought office supplies for cash, 418, Ck. No. 2001. f. Bought insurance for two years, 944, Ck. No. 2002. g. Sold legal services for cash, 8,518. h. Paid the salary of the part-time receptionist, 1,820, Ck. No. 2003. i. Received and paid the telephone bill, 388, Ck. No. 2004. j. Received and paid the bill for utilities, 368, Ck. No. 2005. k. Sold legal services for cash, 9,260. l. Paid on account to QuipCo, 2,670, Ck. No. 2006. m. Schwartz withdrew cash for personal use, 2,500, Ck. No. 2007. Required 1. Record the transactions and the balance after each transaction. 2. Total the left side of the accounting equation (left side of the equal sign), then total the right side of the accounting equation (right side of the equal sign). If the two totals are not equal, check the addition and subtraction. If you still cannot find the error, re-analyze each transaction.arrow_forwardJournal entries and trial balance On August 1, 20Y7, Rafael Masey established Planet Realty, which completed the following transactions during the month: a. Rafael Masey transferred cash from a personal bank account to an account to be used for the business in exchange for common stock, 17,500. b. Purchased supplies on account, 2,300. c. Earned sales commissions, receiving cash, 13,300. d. Paid rent on office and equipment for the month, 3,000. e. Paid creditor on account, 1,150. f. Paid dividends, 1,800. g. Paid automobile expenses (including rental charge) for month, 1,500, and miscellaneous expenses, 400. h. Paid office salaries, 2,800. i. Determined that the cost of supplies used was 1,050. Instructions 1. Journalize entries for transactions (a) through (i), using the following account titles: Cash, Supplies, Accounts Payable, Common Stock, Dividends, Sales Commissions, Rent Expense, Office Salaries Expense, Automobile Expense, Supplies Expense, Miscellaneous Expense. Journal entry explanations may be omitted. 2. Prepare T accounts, using the account titles in (1). Post the journal entries to these accounts, placing the appropriate letter to the left of each amount to identify the transactions. Determine the account balances, after all posting is complete. Accounts containing only a single entry do not need a balance. 3. Prepare an unadjusted trial balance as of August 31, 20Y7. 4. Determine the following: a. Amount of total revenue recorded in the ledger. b. Amount of total expenses recorded in the ledger. c. Amount of net income for August. 5. Determine the increase or decrease in retained earnings for August.arrow_forwardB. Kelso established Computer Wizards during November of this year. The accountant prepared the following chart of accounts: The following transactions occurred during the month: a. Kelso deposited 45,000 in a bank account in the name of the business. b. Paid the rent for the current month, 1,800, Ck. No. 2001. c. Bought office desks and filing cabinets for cash, 790, Ck. No. 2002. d. Bought a computer and printer from Cyber Center for use in the business, 2,700, paying 1,700 in cash and placing the balance on account, Ck. No. 2003. e. Bought a neon sign on account from Signage Co., 1,350. f. Kelso invested her personal computer software with a fair market value of 600 in the business. g. Received a bill from Country News for newspaper advertising, 365. h. Sold services for cash, 1,245. i. Received and paid the electric bill, 345, Ck. No. 2004. j. Paid on account to Country News, a creditor, 285, Ck. No. 2005. k. Sold services for cash, 1,450. l. Paid wages to an employee, 925, Ck. No. 2006. m. Received and paid the bill for the city business license, 75, Ck. No. 2007. n. Kelso withdrew cash for personal use, 850, Ck. No. 2008. o. Kelso withdrew cash for personal use, 850, Ck. No. 2008. Required 1. Record the owners name in the Capital and Drawing T accounts. 2. Correctly place the plus and minus signs for each T account and label the debit and credit sides of the accounts. 3. Record the transactions in T accounts. Write the letter of each entry to identify the transaction. 4. Foot the T accounts and show the balances. 5. Prepare a trial balance, with a three-line heading, dated November 30, 20--.arrow_forward
- Prepare journal entries to record the following transactions that occurred in April: A. on first day of the month, issued common stock for cash, $15,000 B. on eighth day of month, purchased supplies, on account, $1,800 C. on twentieth day of month, billed customer for services provided, $950 D. on twenty-fifth day of month, paid salaries to employees, $2,000 E. on thirtieth day of month, paid for dividends to shareholders, $500arrow_forwardJournal Entries Overnight Delivery Inc. is incorporated on February 1 and enters into the following transactions during its first month of operations: February 15: Received $8,000 cash from customer accounts. February 26: Provided $16,800 of services on account during the month. February 27: Received a $3,400 bill from the local service station for gas and oil used during February. February 28: Paid $400 for wages earned by employees for the month. February 28: Paid $3,230 for February advertising. February 28: Declared and paid $2,000 cash dividends to stockholders. Required Prepare journal entries on the books of Overnight to record the transactions entered into during February. Explain why you agree or disagree with the following: The transactions on February 28 all represent expenses for the month of February because cash was paid. The transaction on February 27 does not represent an expense in February because cash has not yet been paid.arrow_forwardDuring February of this year, H. Rose established Rose Shoe Hospital. The following asset, liability, and owners equity accounts are included in the chart of accounts: The following transactions occurred during the month of February: a. Rose deposited 25,000 cash in a bank account in the name of the business. b. Bought shop equipment for cash, 1,525, Ck. No. 1000. c. Bought advertising on account from Milland Company, 325. d. Bought store shelving on account from Inger Hardware, 750. e. Bought office equipment from Sharas Office Supply, 625, paying 225 in cash and placing the balance on account, Ck. No. 1001. f. Paid on account to Inger Hardware, 750, Ck. No. 1002. g. Rose invested his personal leather working tools with a fair market value of 800 in the business h. Sold services for the month of February for cash, 250. PART 1: The Accounting Cycle for a Service Business: Analyzing Business Transactions Required 1. Write the account classifications (Assets, Liabilities, Capital, Drawing, Revenue, Expense) in the fundamental accounting equation, as well as the plus and minus signs and Debit and Credit. 2. Write the account names on the T accounts under the classifications, place the plus and minus signs for each T account, and label the debit and credit sides of the T accounts. 3. Record the amounts in the proper positions in the T accounts. Write the letter next to each entry to identify the transaction. 4. Foot and balance the accounts.arrow_forward
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