21ST C ASTRO EBOOK+SW5=SS+VGCRD+LEARN/DO
6th Edition
ISBN: 9780393870152
Author: PALEN
Publisher: Norton, W. W. & Company, Inc.
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Chapter 3, Problem 32QP
To determine
Find the number of time larger the Venus in the sky at the thinnest crescent than at the gibbous phases and find number of times closer to Earth at the phase of thinnest crescent than at the gibbous phases.
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Suppose you were given a 3 in diameter ball to represent the Earth and a 1 in diameter ball to represent the Moon. (The actual ratio of Earth diameter to Moon diameter is 3.7 to 1.)
The actual average Earth–Moon distance is about 384,000 kilometers, and Earth’s diameter is about 12,800 kilometers. How many “Earth diameters” is the distance from Earth to the Moon?
Based on your answer to Question 2, what is the correct scaled distance of the Moon, using the 3-inch ball as Earth?
The Sun’s actual diameter is about 1,400,000 kilometers. How many “Earth diameters” is this? Given your 3-inch Earth, how large (i.e what diameter) of a ball would you need to represent the Sun? Give your answer in feet.
The average Earth–Sun distance is about 149,600,000 km. To represent this distance to scale, how far away would you have to place your 3-inch Earth from your Sun? Give your answer in feet.
Could we use this scale to visualize the solar system instead of just the Earth and Moon? Why or Why…
On August 27, 2003, the planet Mars was at a distance of 0.373 AU from Earth. The diameter of Mars is 6788 km. Calculate the angular diameter of Mars, as seen from Earth on August 27, 2003. Give your answer in arcminutes.
Use Kepler's 3rd Law and the small angle approximation.
a) An object is located in the solar system at a distance from the Sun equal to 41 AU's . What is the objects orbital period?
b) An object seen in a telescope has an angular diameter equivalent to 41 (in units of arc seconds). What is its linear diameter if the object is 250 million km from you? Draw a labeled diagram of this situation.
Chapter 3 Solutions
21ST C ASTRO EBOOK+SW5=SS+VGCRD+LEARN/DO
Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 3.1ACYUCh. 3.1 - Prob. 3.1BCYUCh. 3.2 - Prob. 3.2CYUCh. 3.3 - Prob. 3.3CYUCh. 3.4 - Prob. 3.4CYUCh. 3 - Prob. 1QPCh. 3 - Prob. 2QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3QPCh. 3 - Prob. 4QPCh. 3 - Prob. 5QP
Ch. 3 - Prob. 6QPCh. 3 - Prob. 7QPCh. 3 - Prob. 8QPCh. 3 - Prob. 9QPCh. 3 - Prob. 10QPCh. 3 - Prob. 11QPCh. 3 - Prob. 12QPCh. 3 - Prob. 13QPCh. 3 - Prob. 14QPCh. 3 - Prob. 15QPCh. 3 - Prob. 16QPCh. 3 - Prob. 17QPCh. 3 - Prob. 18QPCh. 3 - Prob. 19QPCh. 3 - Prob. 20QPCh. 3 - Prob. 21QPCh. 3 - Prob. 22QPCh. 3 - Prob. 23QPCh. 3 - Prob. 24QPCh. 3 - Prob. 25QPCh. 3 - Prob. 26QPCh. 3 - Prob. 27QPCh. 3 - Prob. 28QPCh. 3 - Prob. 29QPCh. 3 - Prob. 30QPCh. 3 - Prob. 31QPCh. 3 - Prob. 32QPCh. 3 - Prob. 33QPCh. 3 - Prob. 34QPCh. 3 - Prob. 35QPCh. 3 - Prob. 36QPCh. 3 - Prob. 37QPCh. 3 - Prob. 38QPCh. 3 - Prob. 39QPCh. 3 - Prob. 40QPCh. 3 - Prob. 41QPCh. 3 - Prob. 42QPCh. 3 - Prob. 43QPCh. 3 - Prob. 44QPCh. 3 - Prob. 45QP
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- The Mars Robotic Lander for which we are making these calculations is designed to return samples of rock from Mars after a long time of collecting samples, exploring the area around the landing site, and making chemical analyses of rocks and dust in the landing area. One synodic period is required for Earth to be in the same place relative to mars as when it landed. Calculate the synodic period (in years) using the following formula: 1/Psyn = (1/PEarth) - (1/PMars) where PEarth is the sidereal period of the Earth (1 year) and PMars is the sidereal period of Mars. If 3/4 of a Martian year was spent collecting samples and exploring the terrain around the landing site, calculate how long the Mars Robotic Lander expedition took!arrow_forwardDirection: Use your knowledge about solving equations to work out to complete the table below. Show your solution with proper units. R° (meters) T R° / T° { (meters) / Planet Average Times of Radius of Revolution (seconds) (seconds) } Planet's Orbit (Planet's year) R T (seconds) (meters) Mercury 5.7869 x 10:0 7.605 x 10 Venus 1.081 x 101 1.941 x 107 Earth 1.4996 x 10" 3.156 x 10 Mars 2.280 x 101 5.936 x 10 Jupiter 7.783 x 10" 3.743 x 10 Saturn 1.426 x 10 9.296 x 10arrow_forwardThe table below presents the semi-major axis (a) and Actual orbital period for all of the major planets in the solar system. Cube for each planet the semi-major axis in Astronomical Units. Then take the square root of this number to get the Calculated orbital period of each planet. Fill in the final row of data for each planet. Table of Data for Kepler’s Third Law: Table of Data for Kepler’s Third Law: Planet aau = Semi-Major Axis (AU) Actual Planet Calculated Planet Period (Yr) Period (Yr) __________ ______________________ ___________ ________________ Mercury 0.39 0.24 Venus 0.72 0.62 Earth 1.00 1.00 Mars 1.52 1.88 Jupiter…arrow_forward
- The angle between two lines drawn from a point on Earth to two opposite sides of the Moon make an angle of 0.5 degrees. If you do the same thing for the two opposite ends of Andromeda (as shown above), you find an angle of 5 degrees. Let's assume Andromeda and the Moon are equally far away from our location on Earth (of course that's wrong, but how are we supposed to know?) - then how much larger would the diameter of Andromeda be (as indicated by the arrows at the top), compared to the diameter of the Moon? Pick the answer that's closest to what you get under this hypothetical assumption: A. Equal Diameter B. Twice C. Five times D. Ten timesarrow_forwardPart 3 1. The diameter of the Sun is 1,391,400 km. The diameter of the Moon is 3,474.8 km. Find the ratio, r= Dsa/Dsvan between the sizes. 2. From the point of view of an obs erver on Eanth (consider the Earth as a point-like object), during the eclipse, the Moon covers the Sun exactly. Sketch a picture to illustrate this fact. Use a nuler to get a straight line. Your drawing does not need to be in scale. 3. The Sun is 1 Astronomical Unit (AU) away from the Earth. Find the distance between the Earth and the Moon in AU's using the ratio of similar triangles. Show your work. DEM= AU. Convert this to kilometers. Use 1 AU = 149,600,000 km. DEM = km.arrow_forwardMars is 1.5 times as far away from the Sun as Earth. Earth’s axis is tilted at 23.5o compared to the ecliptic. The axis of Mars is tilted at 25o compared to the ecliptic. The atmosphere on Earth is 100 times as thick as the atmosphere on Mars. Which of the following statements is true? 1.)Mars is so cold that the water there is ice, while Earth does not have any ice 2.)When it is summer in Earth’s northern hemisphere, it is winter on Mars’ southern hemisphere 3.) Earth has seasons, Mars does not 4.) All of the water on Mars is frozen, while Earth has water in solid, liquid and gas formarrow_forward
- The diameter of the Sun is 865,380 miles across while Saturn's diameter is 72,368 miles across. The Sun is _____times bigger than Saturn (give whole number as your answer!). If we could shrink Saturn down to a size of a cherry (diameter is 1 inch across), then Sun would be as big as ______. Use one of the following objects as your answer. Watermelon (average size is 12 inches across) Basketball (average size is 9.5 inches across) Average Halloween pumpkin (average size is 15 inches across) Pumpkin at the Puyallup fair (average size is 40 inches across)arrow_forwardIf the moon is 238,000 miles from earth, convert this distance to meters and leave your answer in scientific notation. ( Recall 5280 ft = 1 mi , 1 m = 3.3 ft) b) In a school zone, the speed limit is 25 miles/hour. Convert this speed to meters/second (m/s). Round your answer to the nearest tenth.arrow_forwardWhy might Tycho Brahe have hesitated to hire Kepler? Why do you suppose he appointed Kepler his scientific heir? What is limited about Keplers third law P2 = a3, where P is the time in units of years a planet takes to orbit the Sun and a is the planets average distance from the Sun in units of AU? (Hint: Look at the units.) What does this tell you about Kepler and his laws?arrow_forward
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