Chemistry for Engineering Students
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9781285199023
Author: Lawrence S. Brown, Tom Holme
Publisher: Cengage Learning
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Textbook Question
Chapter 3, Problem 3.61PAE
3.59 The composition of materials such as alloys can be described
in terms of mole percentage (mol%), atom percentage
(at%), or weight percentage (wt%). Carry out the following
conversions among these units. (a) 60 Cu and 40
Al to at%, (b) 25 mol% NiO and 75 mol % MgO to wt%,
(C) 40 wt% MgO and 60 wt% Feo to mol %
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionStudents have asked these similar questions
Because of increasing evidence of damage to the ozone layer, chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) production was banned in 1996. However, there are about 100 million auto air conditioners that still use CFC−12 (CF2Cl2). These air conditioners are recharged from stockpiled supplies of CFC−12.
If each of the 100 million automobiles contains 1.2 kg of CFC−12 and leaks 30% of its CFC−12 into the atmosphere per year, how much chlorine, in kg, is added to the atmosphere each year due to auto air conditioners? (Assume two significant figures in your calculations.)
Washing soda, a compound used to prepare hard water forwashing laundry, is a hydrate, which means that a certainnumber of water molecules are included in the solid structure.Its formula can be written as Na2CO3 . xH2O, where x isthe number of moles of H2O per mole of Na2CO3. When a2.558-g sample of washing soda is heated at 125 °C, all thewater of hydration is lost, leaving 0.948 g of Na2CO3. What isthe value of x?
Because of increasing evidence of damage to the ozone layer, chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) production was banned in 1996. However, many older cars still have air conditioners that use CFC-12 (CF2Cl2). These air conditioners are recharged from stockpiled supplies of CFC-12. Suppose that 100 million automobiles each contain 1.1 kg of CFC-12 and leak 25% of theirCFC-12 into the atmosphere per year. How much chlorine, in kg, is added to the atmosphere each year due to these air conditioners? (Assume two significant figures in your calculations.)
Chapter 3 Solutions
Chemistry for Engineering Students
Ch. 3 - • describe the chemical processes used in biomass...Ch. 3 - Prob. 2COCh. 3 - list at least three quantities that must be...Ch. 3 - Write balanced chemical equations for simple...Ch. 3 - Prob. 5COCh. 3 - Prob. 6COCh. 3 - Interconvert between mass, number of molecules,...Ch. 3 - Determine a chemical formula from elemental...Ch. 3 - define the concentration of a solution and...Ch. 3 - Calculate the molarity of solutions prepared by...
Ch. 3 - Prob. 11COCh. 3 - Prob. 12COCh. 3 - Prob. 13COCh. 3 - write molecular and ionic equations for acidbase...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.1PAECh. 3 - Prob. 3.2PAECh. 3 - Prob. 3.3PAECh. 3 - A newspaper article states that biomass has...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.5PAECh. 3 - Prob. 3.6PAECh. 3 - Which symbols are used to indicate solids,...Ch. 3 - How is the addition of heat symbolized in a...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.9PAECh. 3 - 3.10 Define the term stoichiometric coefficient.Ch. 3 - 3.11 Balance these equations. (a) Al(s) + O2(g)(...Ch. 3 - 3.11 Balance the following equations. (a) CaC2(s)...Ch. 3 - 3.13 An explosive whose chemical formula is...Ch. 3 - 3.14 A number of compounds are used in cement, and...Ch. 3 - 3.15 Ethanol, C2H5OH is found in gasoline blends...Ch. 3 - 3.16 Balance the following equations. (a) reaction...Ch. 3 - 3.17 Write balanced chemical equations for the...Ch. 3 - 3.18 Diborane and related compounds were proposed...Ch. 3 - 3.19 Silicon nitride, Si3N4, is used as a...Ch. 3 - The following pictures show a molecular-scale view...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.21PAECh. 3 - Prob. 3.22PAECh. 3 - Prob. 3.23PAECh. 3 - Prob. 3.24PAECh. 3 - Prob. 3.25PAECh. 3 - 3.24 Classify the following compounds as...Ch. 3 - 3.25 The following compounds are water-soluble....Ch. 3 - 3.26 Decide whether each of the following is...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.29PAECh. 3 - 3.28 A packaging engineer is working on a new...Ch. 3 - 3.29 Classify each of these as an acid or a base....Ch. 3 - 3.30 Define the term spectator ion.Ch. 3 - 3.31 What is the difference between a total ionic...Ch. 3 - 3.32 Balance the following equations and then...Ch. 3 - 3.33 Balance the following equations, and then...Ch. 3 - 3.34 In principle, it may be possible to engineer...Ch. 3 - 3.35 Explain the concept of the mole in your own...Ch. 3 - 3.36 How many entities are present in each of the...Ch. 3 - 3.37 If atypical grain of sand occupies a volume...Ch. 3 - 3.38 Estimate the size of a particle 1 mole of...Ch. 3 - 3.39 Calculate the molar mass of each of the...Ch. 3 - 3.40 Calculate the molar masses (in grams per...Ch. 3 - 3.41 Calculate the molar mass of each of these...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.44PAECh. 3 - 3.43 Calculate the molar mass of the following...Ch. 3 - 3.44 Determine the molar mass of these ceramic...Ch. 3 - A chemist needs exactly 2 moles of KNO3 to make a...Ch. 3 - 3.46 What mass of ozone (O3) contains 4.5 moles of...Ch. 3 - 3.47 Calculate the mass in grams of each the...Ch. 3 - 3.48 Calculate the mass in grams of 13.5 mol of...Ch. 3 - 3.49 How many moles are present in the given...Ch. 3 - 3.50 A test of an automobile engine's exhaust...Ch. 3 - 3.51 Modern instruments can measure a mass as...Ch. 3 - 3.52 How many H atoms are present in 7.52 g of...Ch. 3 - 3.53 How many O atoms are present in 214 g of...Ch. 3 - A sample of H2C2O4.2H2O of mass 3.35 g is heated...Ch. 3 - 3.55 An average person inhales roughly 2.5 g of O2...Ch. 3 - 3.56 A large family of boron-hydrogen compounds...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.59PAECh. 3 - 3.58 Determine the simplest formulas of the...Ch. 3 - 3.59 The composition of materials such as alloys...Ch. 3 - 3.60 Copper can have improved wear resistance if...Ch. 3 - 3.61 Calculate the molarity of each of the...Ch. 3 - 3.62 What is the molarity of each ion present in...Ch. 3 - 3.63 How many moles of solute are present in each...Ch. 3 - 3.64 How many grams of solute are present in each...Ch. 3 - 3.65 Determine the final molarity for the...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.68PAECh. 3 - Prob. 3.69PAECh. 3 - 3.68 Magnesium is lighter than other structural...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.71PAECh. 3 - Prob. 3.72PAECh. 3 - 3.71 What is meant by the term carbon reservoir?...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.74PAECh. 3 - Prob. 3.75PAECh. 3 - Prob. 3.76PAECh. 3 - 3.87 Nitric acid (HNO3) can be produced by the...Ch. 3 - 3.88 One Step in the enrichment of uranium for use...Ch. 3 - 3.89 Pyridine has the molecular formula C5H5N....Ch. 3 - 3.90 Pyrrole has the molecular formula C4H5N. When...Ch. 3 - 3.91 Hydrogen cyanide (HCN) is extremely toxic,...Ch. 3 - 3.92 Many chemical reactions take place in the...Ch. 3 - 3.93 Adipic acid is used in the production of...Ch. 3 - 3.94 Calcium carbonate (limestone, CaCO3)...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.85PAECh. 3 - Consider two samples of liquid: 1 mole of water...Ch. 3 - 3.95 Cumene is a hydrocarbon, meaning that it...Ch. 3 - 3.96 Methyl cyanoacrylate is the chemical name for...Ch. 3 - 3.97 A low-grade form of iron ore is called...Ch. 3 - 3.98 The characteristic odor of decaying flesh is...Ch. 3 - 3.99 Iron—platinum alloys may be useful as...Ch. 3 - 3.100 Some aluminum—lithium alloys display the...Ch. 3 - 3.101 Which (if any) of the following compounds...Ch. 3 - 3.102 Classify the following compounds as acids or...Ch. 3 - 3.103 What is the mass in grams of solute in 250.0...Ch. 3 - 3.104 What volume of 0.123 M NaOH in milliliters...Ch. 3 - 3.105 Nitric acid is often sold and transported as...Ch. 3 - 3.106 Twenty-five mL of a 0.388 M solution of...Ch. 3 - 3.107 As computer processor speeds increase, it is...Ch. 3 - 3.108 As chip speeds increase, the width of the...Ch. 3 - 3.109 Materials engineers often create new alloys...Ch. 3 - 3.110 The protein that carries oxygen in the blood...Ch. 3 - 3.111 The chlorophyll molecule responsible for...Ch. 3 - 3.112 In one experiment, the burning of 0.614 g of...Ch. 3 - 3.113 MgCl2 is often found as an impurity in table...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.106PAECh. 3 - 3.115 The average person exhales 1.0 kg of carbon...Ch. 3 - 3.116 The simplest approximate chemical formula...Ch. 3 - 3.117 For the oxides of iron, FeO, Fe2O3, and...Ch. 3 - 3.118 Consider common sugars such as glucose...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.111PAECh. 3 - 3.120 1f you have 32.6 g of sodium carbonate that...Ch. 3 - 3.121 If you have 21.1 g of iron(II) nitrate that...Ch. 3 - 3.122 What type of reasoning were we using when we...Ch. 3 - 3.123 Most periodic tables provide molar masses...
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, chemistry and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- 4.44 Industrial production of hydrogen gas uses the reaction shown below. If 1.00 metric ton of propane reacting with excess water yields 270 kg of H2, what is the percentage yield? C3H8(g)+3H2O(l)3CO(g)+7H2(g)arrow_forwardThe reaction of aluminum and bromine is pictured below. The white solid on the lip of the beaker at the end of the reaction is AI2Br6. In the reaction pictured below, which was the limiting reactant, AI, or Br2. Explain thoroughly.arrow_forwardThe approximate minimum daily dietary requirement of the amino acid leucine, C6H13NO2, is 1.1 g. What is this requirement in moles?arrow_forward
- Glucose, C6H1206, can be represented by the molecular model shown below. If 1.00 mol of glucoseis submitted to combustion analysis, how many moles of CO2 and how many moles of H2O wouldbe formed?arrow_forwardThe percentage composition by mass (to the nearest 0.1) of C in sugar, C8H10O7, is ______________.arrow_forwardtraight-chain, saturated carboxylic acids, a class of hydrocarbons, has the general formula CnH2n+1COOH where n is an integer than ranges from 1 to 18. What would be the %C by mass if n = 1 ?arrow_forward
- Green plants use light from the Sun to drive photosynthesis. Photosynthesis is a chemical reaction in which water H2O and carbon dioxide CO2 chemically react to form the simple sugar glucose C6H12O6 and oxygen gas O2 . What mass of simple sugar glucose is produced by the reaction of 7.0g of water?arrow_forwardCephalexin is a semisynthetic cephalosporin antibacterial drug intended for oral administration. Cephalexin is an organic compound that has a molecular formula of C16H17N3O4S. If a medication bottle containing a suspension of cephalexin reads 0.720 g/0.5 cL, how many moles of cephalexin were administered to a patient which was given a dose of 12 mL?arrow_forwardOne process for the commercial production of baking soda (sodium hydrogen carbonate) involves the following reaction, in which the carbon dioxide is used in its solid form ("dry ice") both to serve as a source of reactant and to cool the reaction system to a temperature low enough for the sodium hydrogen carbonate to precipitate: Because they are relatively cheap, sodium chloride and water are typically present in excess. What is the expected yield of when one performs such a synthesis using 16.2 g of ammonia and 13.5 g of dry ice, with an excess of and water? Expected yield = garrow_forward
- If 5.9 × 10²⁵ molecules of CO₂ are produced in a combustion reaction, what is the mass in kg of CO₂ that is produced?arrow_forwardConsider the following reaction for formation of nitric acid from the pollutant nitrogen dioxide reacting with oxygen and water in the atmosphere. 4 NO2 (g) + O2 (g) + 2 H2O(l) ® 4 HNO3 (aq) The generation of electricity used by a medium-sized home produces about 16 kg of NO2 per year. What mass of nitric acid, in kg, can form from this amount of NO2 pollution? Assume oxygen and water are excess reactants.arrow_forwardA) Chlorophyll molecules are responsible for the green pigmentation of plants. Differing chemically isolated molecular chlorophyll compounds are named as "Chlorophyll X" (where "X" is a variable denoting the actual molecular fragments which are represented by the labels R2, R3, R7, R8, R17). Suppose one molecule of Chlorophyll X contains 4 nitrogen atoms, and Chlorophyll X is 6.26 % nitrogen by weight. Using only this information and the atomic mass of nitrogen, determine the molecular mass of Chlorophyll X. B) The Chlorophyll X molecule contains one magnesium atom. What mass of magnesium is found in 5.17 g of Chlorophyll X compound?arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- Chemistry for Engineering StudentsChemistryISBN:9781337398909Author:Lawrence S. Brown, Tom HolmePublisher:Cengage LearningWorld of ChemistryChemistryISBN:9780618562763Author:Steven S. ZumdahlPublisher:Houghton Mifflin College Div
Chemistry for Engineering Students
Chemistry
ISBN:9781337398909
Author:Lawrence S. Brown, Tom Holme
Publisher:Cengage Learning
World of Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:9780618562763
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl
Publisher:Houghton Mifflin College Div
Step by Step Stoichiometry Practice Problems | How to Pass ChemistryMole Conversions Made Easy: How to Convert Between Grams and Moles; Author: Ketzbook;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b2raanVWU6c;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY