Chapter 3, Problem 37A

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

Whether milk is solid, liquid, or gas is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

One of the distinct (or separate) forms in which a matter can exist is termed as “state of matter”. The matter is a combination of atoms, and the arrangement of an atom defines the state of the matter. A temperature that is not so hot or so cold is termed as room temperature.

Answer to Problem 37A

Milk will be liquid.

Explanation of Solution

Three states of matter are solid, liquid, and gas. A solid is a substance with a definite shape and volume. A liquid is a substance that has a definite volume but does not have a definite shape. Gas is a substance that does not have a definite shape or volume.

In a room temperature, milk has a fixed volume and unfixed shape. It takes shape according to the container. So, milk is a liquid state.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

Whether the air is solid, liquid, or gas is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

One of the distinct (or separate) forms in which a matter can exist is termed as “state of matter”. The matter is a combination of atoms, and the arrangement of an atom defines the state of the matter. A temperature that is not so hot or so cold is termed as room temperature.

Answer to Problem 37A

Air is the gaseous state of matter.

Explanation of Solution

Three states of matter are solid, liquid, and gas. A solid is a substance with a definite shape and volume. A liquid is a substance that has a definite volume but does not have a definite shape. Gas is a substance that does not have a definite shape or volume.

Air does have mass but it cannot occupy a space. In gases, intermolecular space is very large and the force of attraction is negligible. So, the air is a gas at room temperature.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

Whether copper is solid, liquid, or gas.

Concept introduction:

One of the distinct (or separate) forms in which a matter can exist is termed as “state of matter”. The matter is a combination of atoms, and the arrangement of an atom defines the state of the matter. A temperature that is not so hot or so cold is termed as room temperature.

Answer to Problem 37A

The copper will be solid.

Explanation of Solution

Three states of matter are solid, liquid, and gas. A solid is a substance with a definite shape and volume. A liquid is a substance that has a definite volume but does not have a definite shape. A gas is a substance that does not have a definite shape or volume.

Copper is composed of only one type of atom. The arrangement of the atom is fixed because they have less intermolecular spaces. So, copperis considered as a solid at room temperature.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

Whether helium is solid, liquid, or gas is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

One of the distinct (or separate) forms in which a matter can exist is termed as “state of matter”. The matter is a combination of atoms, and the arrangement of an atom defines the state of the matter. A temperature that is not so hot or so cold is termed as room temperature.

Answer to Problem 37A

At room temperature, helium isa gas.

Explanation of Solution

Three states of matter are solid, liquid, and gas. A solid is a substance with a definite shape and volume. A liquid is a substance that has a definite volume but does not have a definite shape. Gas is a substance that does not have a definite shape or volume.

Helium is an element that does not solidify under ordinary pressures plus it remains a liquid even at absolute zero. So, helium is a gas. At room temperature,  helium gas is tasteless, odorless, colorless.

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

Whether a diamond is solid, liquid, or gas is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

One of the distinct (or separate) forms in which a matter can exist is termed as “state of matter”. The matter is a combination of atoms, and the arrangement of an atom defines the state of the matter. A temperature that is not so hot or so cold is termed as room temperature.

Answer to Problem 37A

The diamond is classified as solid.

Explanation of Solution

Three states of matter are solid, liquid, and gas. A solid is a substance with a definite shape and volume. A liquid is a substance that has a definite volume but does not have a definite shape. Gas is a substance that does not have a definite shape or volume.

The arrangement of a carbon atom is constant. Diamond is found in a crystal form. The tetrahedral arrangement of the atom is in a very complex manner. They have fixed mass and a constant shape. Diamond is the hardest material. It is composed of a carbon atom. Its arrangement is very tight. So, it is solid.

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether candle wax is solid, liquid, or gas is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

One of the distinct (or separate) forms in which a matter can exist is termed as “state of matter”. The matter is a combination of atoms, and the arrangement of an atom defines the state of the matter. A temperature that is not so hot or so cold is termed as room temperature.

Answer to Problem 37A

The candle wax is solid in the state.

Explanation of Solution

Three states of matter are solid, liquid, and gas. A solid is a substance with a definite shape and volume. A liquid is a substance that has a definite volume but does not have a definite shape. Gas is a substance that does not have a definite shape or volume.

The arrangement of the wax molecule is constant. But wax texture change by the increase of the temperature. It is estimated that solid because ithas a mass and fixed shape. So, candle wax is classified as solid.