Chapter 3.3, Problem 18SSC

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The map showing the relationship between matter, elements, pure substance, compounds and homogeneous and heterogeneous mixtures needs to be explained.

Concept introduction:

The states of matter are solid, liquid and gas. Matters are further classified as mixtures and pure substances.

Explanation of Solution

Substances that cannot be separated into other constituents and have a particular composition is known as pure substances.

Pure substances are further classified into two types:

• Mixture
• Compounds

Pure substances are pure in nature. They cannot be separated by physical process.

Examples of pure substances are gold and pure water.

• Elements are made up only one type of atoms.

For example, Cu, Na, Ne, etc.

• Compounds are made up of more than on the type of atoms.

For example, HCl, PCl_5, etc.

• Mixtures are a combination of two or more pure substances.

Mixtures are impure in nature. They can be separated by several methods such as magnetic separation, evaporation, etc.

Examples of mixtures are oil and water, sand and sugar

Mixtures are of two types:

• Homogeneous mixture
• Heterogeneous mixture.

The mixtures in which the components are mixed uniformly are known as homogeneous mixtures. It is also known as solution. The homogeneous mixture cannot be judge by seeing it. They have only one phase. The homogeneous mixtures cannot be separated physically.

Examples of a homogeneous mixture are rainwater, vinegar, etc.

The mixtures in which the components are not mixed uniformly are known as heterogeneous mixtures. The heterogeneous mixture can be judge by seeing it. They have two or more phases or layers. The heterogeneous mixtures can be separated physically.

Examples of a heterogeneous mixture is a mixture of sand and sodium chloride.

The map is shown below: