Concept explainers
Introduction:
All living organisms are made up of cells and its products. Cells are regarded as the simplest unit (structural and functional) of life. Cellular membrane, nucleus, and cytoplasm are the three major components of a cell. Cellular membrane, which surrounds the entire cell, is composed of phospholipids and proteins. The nucleus is bound by a nuclear membrane and it possess the genetic material of the cell. Cytoplasm consists of organelles, cytoskeleton (filaments and tubules), and inclusion bodies. Protoplasm denotes all living material that is present in the cell enclosed by the cellular membrane (inside and outside the nucleus).
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- Which of these statements about ion movement through the plasmamembrane is true?a. Movement of Na+ out of the cell requires energy (ATP).b. When Ca2+binds to proteins in ion channels, the diffusion of Na+into the cell is inhibited.c. Specific ion channels regulate the diffusion of Na+ through theplasma membrane.d. All of these are truearrow_forwardThe extracellular matrixa. assists in the movement of substances across the plasmamembrane.b. prevents the loss of water when cells are placed in a hypertonicsolution.c. has numerous functions that affect the shape and activities of thecell that produced it.d. contains the junctions that sometimes occur between cells.e. All of these are correct.arrow_forwardOne is true about smooth endoplasmic reticulum A. It lacks ribosomes B. It is site of Ca2+ sequestration C. It is involved in detoxification of organic molecules D. It is th site of steroid hormone synthesizes E. It is the site of protein synthesisarrow_forward
- Which of these statements about carrier-mediated facilitated diffusion is true? a. It uses cellular ATP. b. It is used for cellular uptake of blood glucose. c. It is a form of active transport. d. None of these are true.arrow_forwardThe tigroid lysis is observed in a case of functional exhaustion of the neuron. It is resulted in decay of basophilic substance and brightening of the neuroplasma. What organelles changes do this phenomenon is associated with? a. Granular endoplasmic reticulum O b. Lysosomes O c. Neurofibrils d. Golgi apparatus O e. Mitochondriaarrow_forward9) Gap junctions are intercellular connections that A. primarily serve to keep cells separated and allow for transport across a tissue barrier. B. serve as a regulated cytoplasmic bridge for sharing of small molecules between the cells. C. serve as a barrier to prevent protein movement within the cellular membrane. D. are cellular components for constitutive exocytosis that occurs between adjacent cells.arrow_forward
- Indicate whether the following statements are true or false. If a statement is false, explain why it is false. a. All types of cells contain cell walls, but only some cell types possess plasma membranes. b. The distribution of specific lipids to the inner and outer leaflet is asymmetrical, or biased, in plasma membranes. C. Lateral diffusion is the movement of lipids from one layer of the membrane to the other. d. Fatty acids tails are used to embed integral, transmembrane proteins in the plasma membrane.arrow_forwardRegulating transport of substances in and out of the cell is the a. cell membrane. b. nuclear membrane. c. cytoplasm. d. nucleus.arrow_forwarda. integral memebrane protein that crosses membrane multiple time b. lipid-linked membrane proteins c. peripheral memebrane protein d. integral memebrane protein that crosses membrane incearrow_forward
- Chilling most directly affects a. nuclear proteins. b. vacuolar inclusions. c. the cytoskeleton. d. membrane lipids.arrow_forwardIdentify the non-polar organic molecule which can pass freely through the plasma membrane.A. CH3CH2OH (ethanol)B. CO2 (carbon dioxide)C. C6H12O6 (glucose)D. N2 (nitrogen gas)E. CH4 (methanearrow_forwardCalcium ions (Ca?+) are a typical cell at rest. a. more concentrated in the cytosol of b. equally distributed across the membrane of c. more concentrated in the extracellular fluid ofarrow_forward
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