Campbell Biology in Focus; Modified Mastering Biology with Pearson eText -- ValuePack Access Card -- for Campbell Biology in Focus (2nd Edition)
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9780134433776
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 32.5, Problem 3CC
WHAT IF? If blood pressure in the afferent arteriole leading to a glomerulus decreased, how would the rate of blood filtration within Bowman's capsule be affected? Explain.
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19,
Which of the following would increase glomerular filtration?
Multiple Choice
constriction of efferent arteriole because it will increase blood flow to the glomerulus
constriction of afferent arteriole because it will increase blood flow to the glomerulus
increase in the osmotic pressure of blood in glomerular capillaries
increase in the hydrostatic pressure of filtrate in the glomerular capsule
This diagram illustrates which of the following
Choose from the following:
(A) secretion of hydrogen via Na+/H+ exchange ions by the proximal convoluted tubule
(B) reabsorption of bicarbonate ions by intercalated cells (A) in the collecting duct
(C) secretion of H+ by H+K+/ATPase pumps in the intercalated cells (A) in the collecting duct
(D) A and B
(E) all of the above
If blood pressure in the afferent arteriole leading to a glomerulus decreased, how would the rate of blood filtration within Bowman’s capsule be affected? Explain.
Chapter 32 Solutions
Campbell Biology in Focus; Modified Mastering Biology with Pearson eText -- ValuePack Access Card -- for Campbell Biology in Focus (2nd Edition)
Ch. 32.1 - What properties do all types of epithelia share?Ch. 32.1 - Prob. 2CCCh. 32.2 - Prob. 1CCCh. 32.2 - Prob. 2CCCh. 32.2 - Prob. 3CCCh. 32.3 - Is it accurate to define homeostasis as a constant...Ch. 32.3 - Prob. 2CCCh. 32.3 - Prob. 3CCCh. 32.4 - What is the function of the filtration step in...Ch. 32.4 - What advantage does uric acid offer as a...
Ch. 32.4 - WHAT IF? A camel standing in the sun requires much...Ch. 32.5 - Prob. 1CCCh. 32.5 - Prob. 2CCCh. 32.5 - WHAT IF? If blood pressure in the afferent...Ch. 32 - The body tissue that consists largely of material...Ch. 32 - Prob. 2TYUCh. 32 - Which process in the nephron is least selective?...Ch. 32 - Homeostasis typically relies on negative feedback...Ch. 32 - Prob. 5TYUCh. 32 - In which of the following species should natural...Ch. 32 - Prob. 7TYUCh. 32 - Prob. 8TYUCh. 32 - Prob. 9TYUCh. 32 - Prob. 10TYUCh. 32 - FOCUS ON ORGANIZATION In a short essay (100-150...Ch. 32 - SYNTHESIZE YOUR KNOWLEDGE These macaques (Macaca...
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- 4. Given the net glomerular filtration pressure of 55 mm Hg, a plasma protein osmotic force (TTGC) = 12 mm Hg, and a fluid pressure in Bowman's space (PBS) = 10 mm Hg, what would be glomerular capillary blood pressure (PGC)? Would filtration be favored under these conditions? How do you know?arrow_forward4) Measurements in a nephron reveal a glomerular hydrostatic pressure of 69 mm Hg, and a fluid pressure in the Bowman's capsule of 16 mm Hg. Assuming that the plasma colloid osmotic pressure is 33 mm Hg, and that essentially no plasma proteins are filtered by the glomerulus, what is the net glomerular filtration pressure in this case?arrow_forwardTubular transport maximum (Tm) is (a) the maximum rate at which a substance in the filtrate can be reabsorbed into the blood from the renal tubules (b) the most rapid rate at which urine can be transported through the ureter (c) the maximum rate at which a substance can be reabsorbed by theglomerulus (d) the maximum rate at which a substance can pass through the loop of Henle (e) the maximum amount of a substance that can be secreted into the filtratearrow_forward
- 22 The condition interstitial cystitis is characterized by insufficient mucus production by the mucosa and submucosa of the urinary bladder. What signs and symptoms would you expect to see with interstitial cystitis? Why? 23 Predict how the functioning of the kidney might be affected if the microvilli in the proximal and distal convoluted tubules were destroyed. Explain your reasoning.arrow_forwardHow is the filtration that occurs in the glomerulus different from passive transport, active transport, or any form of membrane transport? 1. Filtration occurs between cells, not through them 2. Filtration only involves small substances, whereas membrane transport often deals with large substances 3. Filtration involves the movement of water, whereas passive transport doesn’t involve water movementarrow_forward3. In order to maintain homeostasis (body water volume, plasma Na*) it is important to regulate Na* and water balance. First, identify the regions of the nephron that are permeable to Na* and H20. Second, tie together the epithelial transport mechanisms for Na* and H20 reabsorption and an idea of the magnitude of reabsorption from each nephron region. Hint: refer to the figure at the end of the Renal Processes lecture to help with context. 4. Review how urine is concentrated throughout the nephron (and the role of Na*, urea).arrow_forward
- Myocytes Glomerulus Capillary Glomerulus Capillary Glomerulus y O Capillary Granular cells Mesangium-Extra- glomerular cell Parietal layer Glomerulus Capillary PodocytelViscera Pedicels layer Mesangium- Intraglomerular cell Basement membrane Information flowing from 1) the lumen of the tube labeled T to 2) the cells labeled y, to the cells labeled myocytes, to the events occurring at the red arrow labeled u is the mechanism of urea recycling the countercurrent multiplier system hormonally controlled Na+ reabsorption renal clearance tubuloglomerular feedbackarrow_forwardOne model of the glomerular membrane is a microporous membrane in which right cylindrical pores penetrate all the way through the membrane. Assume that the pores have a length of 50 nm and a radius of 3.5 nm. The viscosity of plasma is 0.002 Pa s. The average hydrostatic pressure in the glomerulus is 60 mm Hg, hydrostatic pressure in Bowman's space is 20 mm Hg and the average oncotic pressure of glomerular capillary blood is 28 mm Hg. A. Calculate the flow through a single pore assuming laminar flow (use the Poiseuille flow equation) B. How many pores would there have to be to produce a normal GFR? C. If the total aggregate area of the kidneys for filtration is 1.5 m2, what is the density of the pores (number of pores per unit area)? D. What fraction of the area is present as pores?arrow_forwardFred was diagnosed 6 months ago with liver cancer. His liver is no longer able to make the necessary amount of proteins needed by the body. What effect, if any, would this have on the net glomerular filtration rate? (Hint, decide which of the 3 forces contributing to the net filtration rate is affected. Then adjust numbers in the equation to determine if there is an increase, decrease, or no change to the net filtration rate). Group of answer choices A) Blood colloid osmotic pressure would be decreased, increasing the net glomerular filtration rate. B) Blood colloid osmotic pressure would be decreased, decreasing the net glomerular filtration rate. C) Capsular hydrostatic pressure would be decreased, increasing the net glomerular filtration rate. D) Capsular hydrostatic pressure would be decreased, decreasing the net glomerular filtration rate. E) There would be no effect on the net glomerular filtration rate.arrow_forward
- What is the difference between filtration and reabsorption? Explain how hydrostatic, osmotic (or colloid oncotic), and osmosis influence fluid transport across the nephron.arrow_forwardDiscuss Concepts As a person ages, nephron tubules lose some of their ability to concentrate urine. What is the effect of this change?arrow_forwardVISUALIZE Draw a diagram showing the sequence of structures that a drop of glomerular filtrate passes through as it moves from Bowmans capsule to the urinary bladder.arrow_forward
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