College Physics for AP Courses
1st Edition
ISBN: 9781630181871
Author: OpenStax, Ima Lyubkinskaya, Gregg Wolfe Douglas, Ingram, Liza Puiji, Sudhi Oberoi Nathan, Czuba
Publisher: OpenStax College.
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Textbook Question
Chapter 34, Problem 18PE
Using data from the previous problem, find the increase in rotational kinetic energy, given the core’s mass is 1.3 times that of our Sun. Where does this increase in kinetic energy come from?
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Under some circumstances, a star can collapse into an extremely dense object made mostly of neutrons and called a neutron star. The density of a neutron star is roughly 1014 times as great as that of ordinary solid matter. Suppose we represent the star as a uniform, solid, rigid sphere, both before and after the collapse. The star’s initial radius was 7.0 * 105 km (comparable to our sun); its final radius is 16 km. If the original star rotated once in 30 days, find the angular speed of the neutron star.
A star with mass m, period Ti = 30 days, and radius ri = 1E4 km collapses into a neutron star with a radius of rf = 3 km. Our goal will be to determine the period Tf of the neutron star. Useful formulae: Li=Lf; L=lw; w=2πf=2π/?; Isphere=2/5mr2
How much angular momentum Li does the star have before it collapses?
Group of answer choices:
A)riTi
B)mr2i
C)mivi
D)Iiwi
What is the rotation rate ??ωi of the star before collapsing?
Group of answer choices
A)riTi
B)mr2i
C)2π/Ti
D)2πfi
Suppose we model the star as a solid sphere of radius ri with moment of inertia 2/5mr2i (a good assumption). What does our description of Li read now?
Group of answer choices
A)2/5??2i(2πfi)
B)2/5??2i(2π/Ti)
C)2/5??2i(mr2i)
D)2/5??2i(riTi)
How much angular momentum Lf does the star have after it collapses?
Group of answer choices
A)mfvf
B)rfTf
C)I fwf
D)mr2f
What is the rotation rate wf of the star after collapsing?
Group of answer choices
A)2π/Tf…
A star with mass m, period Ti = 30 days, and radius ri = 1E4 km collapses into a neutron star with a radius of rf = 3 km. Our goal will be to determine the period Tf of the neutron star. Useful formulae: Li=Lf; L=lw; w=2πf=2π/T; Isphere=2/5mr2
How much angular momentum Li does the star have before it collapses?
Group of answer choices:
A)riTi
B)mr2i
C)mivi
D)Iiwi
What is the rotation rate wi of the star before collapsing?
Group of answer choices
A)riTi
B)mr2i
C)2π/Ti
D)2πfi
Suppose we model the star as a solid sphere of radius ri with moment of inertia 2/5mr2i (a good assumption). What does our description of Li read now?
Group of answer choices
A)2/5mr2i(2πfi)
B)2/5mr2i(2π/Ti)
C)2/5mr2i(mr2i)
D)2/5mr2i(riTi)
How much angular momentum Lf does the star have after it collapses?
Group of answer choices
A)mfvf
B)rfTf
C)I fwf
D)mr2f
What is the rotation rate wf of the star after collapsing?
Group of answer choices
A)2π/Tf…
Chapter 34 Solutions
College Physics for AP Courses
Ch. 34 - Explain why it only appears that we are at the...Ch. 34 - If there is no observable edge to the universe,...Ch. 34 - If the universe is infinite, does it have a...Ch. 34 - Another known cause of red shift in light is the...Ch. 34 - If some unknown cause of red shiftsuch as light...Ch. 34 - Olbers’s paradox poses an interesting question: If...Ch. 34 - If the cosmic microwave background radiation...Ch. 34 - The decay of one type of Kmeson is cited as...Ch. 34 - Distances to local galaxies are determined by...Ch. 34 - Distances to very remote galaxies are estimated...
Ch. 34 - If the smallest meaningful time interval is...Ch. 34 - Quantum gravity, if developed, would be an...Ch. 34 - Does observed gravitational lensing correspond to...Ch. 34 - Suppose you measure the red shifts of all the...Ch. 34 - What are gravitational waves, and have they yet...Ch. 34 - Is the event horizon of a black hole the actual...Ch. 34 - Suppose black holes radiate their mass away and...Ch. 34 - Discuss the possibility that star velocities at...Ch. 34 - How does relativistic time dilation prohibit...Ch. 34 - If neutrino oscillations do occur, will they...Ch. 34 - Lacking direct evidence of WIMPs as dark matter,...Ch. 34 - Must a complex system be adaptive to be of...Ch. 34 - State a necessary condition for a System to be...Ch. 34 - What is critical temperature Tc? Do all materials...Ch. 34 - Explain how good thermal contact with liquid...Ch. 34 - Not only is liquid nitrogen a cheaper coolant than...Ch. 34 - For experimental evidence particularly of...Ch. 34 - Discuss whether you think there are limits to what...Ch. 34 - Find the approximate mass of the luminous matter...Ch. 34 - Find the approximate mass of the dark and luminous...Ch. 34 - (a) Estimate the mass of the luminous matter in...Ch. 34 - If a galaxy is 500 Mly away from us, how fast do...Ch. 34 - On average, how far away are galaxies mat are...Ch. 34 - Our solar system orbits the center of the Milky...Ch. 34 - (a) What is the approximate speed relative to us...Ch. 34 - (a) Calculate The approximate age of the universe...Ch. 34 - Assuming a circular orbit for the Sun about the...Ch. 34 - (a) What is the approximate force of gravity on a...Ch. 34 - Andromeda galaxy is the closest large galaxy and...Ch. 34 - (a) A particle and its antiparticle are at rest...Ch. 34 - The average particle energy needed to observe...Ch. 34 - The peak intensity of the CMBR occurs at a...Ch. 34 - (a) What Hubble constant corresponds to an...Ch. 34 - Show that the velocity of a star orbiting its...Ch. 34 - The core of a star collapses during a supernova,...Ch. 34 - Using data from the previous problem, find the...Ch. 34 - Distances to the nearest stars (up to 500 by away)...Ch. 34 - (a) Use the Heisenberg uncertainty principle to...Ch. 34 - Construct Your Own Problem Consider a star moving...Ch. 34 - What is the Schwarzschild radius of a blank hole...Ch. 34 - Black holes with masses smaller than muse formed...Ch. 34 - Supermassive black holes are thought to exist at...Ch. 34 - Construct Your Own Problem Consider a supermassive...Ch. 34 - The characteristic length of entities in...Ch. 34 - If the dark matter in the Milky Way were composed...Ch. 34 - The critical mass density needed to just halt the...Ch. 34 - Assume the average density of the universe is 0.1...Ch. 34 - To get an idea of how empty deep spam is on the...Ch. 34 - A section of superconducting wire carries a...
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- Using the solution from the previous problem, find the increase in rotational kinetic energy, given the core’s mass is 1.3 times that of out Sun. Where does this increase in kinetic energy come from?arrow_forwardThe Sun’s mass is 2.01030kg , its radius is 7.0105km , and it has a rotational period of approximately 28 days. If the Sun should collapse into a white dwarf of radius 3.5103km , what would its period be if no mass were ejected and a sphere of uniform density can model the Sun both before and after?arrow_forwardNeutron stars are extremely dense objects formed from the remnants of supernova explosions. Many rotate very rapidly. Suppose the mass of a certain spherical neutron star is twice the mass of the Sun and its radius is 10.0 km. Determine the greatest possible angular speed it can have so that the matter at the surface of the star on its equator is just held in orbit by the gravitational force.arrow_forward
- Using planetary motion, prove that the planet always being bound to the attracting solar center and never escapes from it. (explain with equation)arrow_forwardWe believe that our galaxy was formed from a huge cloud of gas. The original cloud was far larger than the present size of the galaxy, was more or less spherical, and was rotating very much more slowly than the galaxy is now. In this sketch, we see the original cloud and the galaxy as it is now (seen edgewise). Explain how the inward pull of gravity and the conservation of angular momentum contribute to the galaxy’s present shape and why it rotates faster now than when it was a larger, spherical cloud.arrow_forwardUnder some circumstances, a star can collapse into an extremely dense object made mostly of neutrons and called a neutron star. The density of a neutron star is roughly 1014 times as great as that of ordinary solid matter. Suppose we represent the star as a uniform, solid, rigid sphere, both before and after the collapse. The star’s initial radius was 7.0 * 105 km, its final radius is 16 km. If the original star rotated once in 30 days, find the angular speed of the neutron star.arrow_forward
- Earth is 1.5 108 km from the sun, If a planet 14 times as The Earth far away from the Sun is discovered, how long will orbital periodic time of the planet be? Consider the Earth's orbital periodic time is 365 days.arrow_forwardTwo stars M1 and M2 of equal mass make up a binary star system. They move in a circular orbit that has its center at the midpoint of the line that separates them. If M1 = M2 = 6.95 sm (solar mass), and the orbital period of each star is 2.45 days, find their orbital speed. (The mass of the sun is 1.99 1030 kg.)arrow_forwardTwo stars M1 and M2 of equal mass make up a binary star system. They move in a circular orbit that has its center at the midpoint of the line that separates them. If M1 = M2 = 8.20 sm (solar mass), and the orbital period of each star is 2.70 days, find their orbital speed. (The mass of the sun is 1.99 10^30 kg.) km/s.arrow_forward
- A high energy electron enters earth’s atmosphere from space and comes straight down toward a spot on the equator. What does its trajectory look like?arrow_forwardConsider a star the size of our Sun (RSun = 696,340 km) , but with a 9.0 times greater mass that rotates with a speed of 1.0 rev every 5 days. If this star underwent a gravitational collapse becoming a neutron star with a radius of 15 km and losing 2/3 of its mass in the process, find its new angular velocity.arrow_forwardNeutron stars are extremely dense objects formed from the remnants of supernova explosions. Many rotate very rapidly. Suppose the mass of a certain spherical neutron star is twice the mass of the Sun and its radius is 11.0 km. Determine the greatest possible angular speed it can have so that the matter at the surface of the star on its equator is just held in orbit by the gravitational force.arrow_forward
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