College Physics
1st Edition
ISBN: 9781938168000
Author: Paul Peter Urone, Roger Hinrichs
Publisher: OpenStax College
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Chapter 34, Problem 21CQ
Lacking direct evidence of WIMPs as dark matter, why must we eliminate all other possible explanations based on the known forms of mailer before we invoke their existence?
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Chapter 34 Solutions
College Physics
Ch. 34 - Explain why it only appears that we are at the...Ch. 34 - If there is no observable edge to the universe,...Ch. 34 - If the universe is infinite, does it have a...Ch. 34 - Another known cause of red shift in light is the...Ch. 34 - If some unknown cause of red shiftsuch as light...Ch. 34 - Olbers’s paradox poses an interesting question: If...Ch. 34 - If the cosmic microwave background radiation...Ch. 34 - The decay of one type of Kmeson is cited as...Ch. 34 - Distances to local galaxies are determined by...Ch. 34 - Distances to very remote galaxies are estimated...
Ch. 34 - If the smallest meaningful time interval is...Ch. 34 - Quantum gravity, if developed, would be an...Ch. 34 - Does observed gravitational lensing correspond to...Ch. 34 - Suppose you measure the red shifts of all the...Ch. 34 - What are gravitational waves, and have they yet...Ch. 34 - Is the event horizon of a black hole the actual...Ch. 34 - Suppose black holes radiate their mass away and...Ch. 34 - Discuss the possibility that star velocities at...Ch. 34 - How does relativistic time dilation prohibit...Ch. 34 - If neutrino oscillations do occur, will they...Ch. 34 - Lacking direct evidence of WIMPs as dark matter,...Ch. 34 - Must a complex system be adaptive to be of...Ch. 34 - State a necessary condition for a System to be...Ch. 34 - What is critical temperature Tc? Do all materials...Ch. 34 - Explain how good thermal contact with liquid...Ch. 34 - Not only is liquid nitrogen a cheaper coolant than...Ch. 34 - For experimental evidence particularly of...Ch. 34 - Discuss whether you think there are limits to what...Ch. 34 - Find the approximate mass of the luminous matter...Ch. 34 - Find the approximate mass of the dark and luminous...Ch. 34 - (a) Estimate the mass of the luminous matter in...Ch. 34 - If a galaxy is 500 Mly away from us, how fast do...Ch. 34 - On average, how far away are galaxies mat are...Ch. 34 - Our solar system orbits the center of the Milky...Ch. 34 - (a) What is the approximate speed relative to us...Ch. 34 - (a) Calculate The approximate age of the universe...Ch. 34 - Assuming a circular orbit for the Sun about the...Ch. 34 - (a) What is the approximate force of gravity on a...Ch. 34 - Andromeda galaxy is the closest large galaxy and...Ch. 34 - (a) A particle and its antiparticle are at rest...Ch. 34 - The average particle energy needed to observe...Ch. 34 - The peak intensity of the CMBR occurs at a...Ch. 34 - (a) What Hubble constant corresponds to an...Ch. 34 - Show that the velocity of a star orbiting its...Ch. 34 - The core of a star collapses during a supernova,...Ch. 34 - Using data from the previous problem, find the...Ch. 34 - Distances to the nearest stars (up to 500 by away)...Ch. 34 - (a) Use the Heisenberg uncertainty principle to...Ch. 34 - Construct Your Own Problem Consider a star moving...Ch. 34 - What is the Schwarzschild radius of a blank hole...Ch. 34 - Black holes with masses smaller than muse formed...Ch. 34 - Supermassive black holes are thought to exist at...Ch. 34 - Construct Your Own Problem Consider a supermassive...Ch. 34 - The characteristic length of entities in...Ch. 34 - If the dark matter in the Milky Way were composed...Ch. 34 - The critical mass density needed to just halt the...Ch. 34 - Assume the average density of the universe is 0.1...Ch. 34 - To get an idea of how empty deep spam is on the...Ch. 34 - A section of superconducting wire carries a...
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- Whatdo you mean by electroweak theory?arrow_forwardYou discover by dropping particles into it that the Event Horizon (Schwartzschild Radius) of a black hole is 171 km. How massive is it? (enter just the number in solar masses)arrow_forwardTo what does cold refer to the term "cold dark matter"? Why do models of large-scale structure agree best with the dark matter being "cold"?arrow_forward
- In the Benchmark Model, what is the total mass of all the matter within the current Hubble Radius (Length)? Values: Assume H0=70 km/s/Mpc Ωm,0=0.3 Your answer must be in units of Solar Masses and in scientific notation and include one decimal place (2 sig figs).arrow_forwardWhy is the cosmic microwave background radiation evidence for a hot Big Bang?arrow_forwardan introduction on what is the event horizon of a black holes?arrow_forward
- The next step in deciding whether the object in Exercise 25.25 is a black hole is to estimate the density of this mass. Assume that all of the mass is spread uniformly throughout a sphere with a radius of 20 lighthours. What is the density in kg/km3? (Remember that the volume of a sphere is given by V=43R3 .) Explain why the density might be even higher than the value you have calculated. How does this density compare with that of the Sun or other objects we have talked about in this book?arrow_forwardPenzias and Wilson’s discovery of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) is a nice example of scientific serendipity-something that is found by chance but turns out to have a positive outcome. What were they looking for and what did they discover?arrow_forwardSince the force of gravity a significant distance away from the event horizon of a black hole is the same as that of an ordinary object of the same mass, Kepler’s third law is valid. Suppose that Earth collapsed to the size of a golf ball. What would be the period of revolution of the Moon, orbiting at its current distance of 400,000 km? Use Kepler’s third law to calculate the period of revolution of a spacecraft orbiting at a distance of 6000 km.arrow_forward
- Why do astronomers believe there must be dark matter that is not in the form of atoms with protons and neutrons?arrow_forwardIf the cosmic microwave background radiation (CMBR) is the remnant of the Big Bang’s ?reball, we expect to see hot and cold regions in it. What are two causes of these wrinkles in the CMBR? Are the observed temperature variations greater or less than originally expected?arrow_forwardWhat is a mass difference, and how does it arise?arrow_forward
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