Chapter 35.3, Problem 1NV

Summary Introduction

To fill:

The correct terms according to the given descriptions.

Introduction:

Endocrine glands are the glands, which are involved in the production of different hormones. The hormones are the chemical messengers that carry information from one part of the body to another.

Answer to Problem 1NV

The given blanks can be filled as follows:

S. no.	Correct term
1	Endocrine glands
2	Hormones
3	Pituitary glands
4	Thyroxine
5	Calcitonin
6	Parathyroid hormone
7	Insulin
8	Glucagon
9	Aldosterone
10	Cortisol
11	Antidiuretic hormone

Explanation of Solution

Endocrine glands are those specialized glands that secrete hormones. Hormones are the chemical messenger molecules that act on a specific location and carry out a certain response in the body.

The pituitary gland is also known as the master of endocrine glands, which is involved in the secretion of many hormones. It also controls the secretion of hormones from other glands.

The thyroid gland produces thyroxine and calcitonin. The main function of the thyroxine hormone is to increase metabolism and calcitonin plays a role in muscle relaxation and contraction, neural response, and blood clotting.

The parathyroid gland secretes the parathyroid hormone, which is involved in the regulation of calcium in the blood. When the calcium level becomes low in the blood, this hormone causes the absorption of calcium from bones and the release of that calcium in the blood.

The pancreas is a gland that secretes hormones involved in maintaining sugar balance in the body. Insulin is a hormone that activates in response to increased blood sugar levels and acts on the liver to convert glucose into glycogen. Glucagon work opposite to the insulin in response to low sugar level.

The adrenal gland secretes hormones that are responsible for the reabsorption of sodium from the kidney. The hormone is aldosterone. Hormones that increase the blood sugar level in response to stress is called cortisol. ADH or antidiuretic hormone is produced by the hypothalamus and regulates water balance.