Biology - Study Guide
8th Edition
ISBN: 9780321501561
Author: Martha R. Taylor
Publisher: PEARSON EDUCATION (COLLEGE)
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Chapter 36, Problem 13TYK
Summary Introduction
Introduction: The cohesive-tension hypothesis is a theory of intermolecular attraction. This explains the process of flow of water against the gravity force upward to the plants through the xylem. During night time, the water evaporating to the stomata creates a negative pressure or tension that pulls the water column up the plant.
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According to the pressure-flow model, sugar is actively transported into phloem anda. enters xylem, where it is moved toward the leaves due to transpiration.b. creates pressure to move water toward the roots.c. is transported out of the leaves through stomata.d. water follows by osmosis, providing pressure that moves the water and sugar through the phloem.
Which of the following would tend to increase transpiration?(A) spiny leaves(B) sunken stomata(C) a thicker cuticle(D) higher stomatal density
Why do land plants have stomates (sometimes called stomata)?
a. To allow plants to take in carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.
b. All of the choices are true; none are false.
c. To control water loss while allowing for the uptake of some raw materials of photosynthesis.
d. They allow the plant to have some control over transpiration rates.
Chapter 36 Solutions
Biology - Study Guide
Ch. 36 - Prob. 1IQCh. 36 - a. A flaccid plant cell has a water potential of...Ch. 36 - Prob. 3IQCh. 36 - Prob. 4IQCh. 36 - Prob. 5IQCh. 36 - Prob. 6IQCh. 36 - Prob. 1SYKCh. 36 - Prob. 2SYKCh. 36 - If a plant has a phyllotaxy of alternate leaves...Ch. 36 - Prob. 2TYK
Ch. 36 - Prob. 3TYKCh. 36 - Prob. 4TYKCh. 36 - Prob. 5TYKCh. 36 - Prob. 6TYKCh. 36 - Prob. 7TYKCh. 36 - Prob. 8TYKCh. 36 - Prob. 9TYKCh. 36 - Prob. 10TYKCh. 36 - Prob. 11TYKCh. 36 - Prob. 12TYKCh. 36 - Prob. 13TYKCh. 36 - Prob. 14TYKCh. 36 - Prob. 15TYKCh. 36 - Your favorite houseplant is wilting. Which of the...Ch. 36 - Prob. 17TYKCh. 36 - Which of the following mechanisms explains the...Ch. 36 - Prob. 19TYKCh. 36 - Prob. 20TYK
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Approximately 10 percent of water within the atmosphere has been released by plants by transpiration. Which is the best method for measuring the transpiration rate within an individual plant? A. Measure osmotic pressure within the guard cells to determine amount of time stomata are open. B. Weigh the plant before and after a 24 hour period while accounting for evaporation from the soil. C. Access the abiotic conditions and how the plant has adapted to its native environment. D. Measure water loss by placing a plastic bag over a stem of the plant and subtracting the amount of water released into the bag from the amount of water within the soil.arrow_forwardWhen considering the loading and unloading of photosynthate from the phloem, which of the following is FALSE? Select one: a. Apoplastic phloem unloading enables the import of sugars against their concentration gradient into sink tissue. b. In apoplastic loading, the solute potential of the companion cells is more negative than the apoplastic space nearby. c. In apoplastic loading, proton pumps create electrochemical gradients that can be used by symporter proteins to import sugars into the companion cell. d. All the statements are true. e. Symplastic loading relies on diffusion of the sugars through plasmodesmata from photosynthetic cells to the phloem cells.arrow_forwardWhen absorption of water by the roots fails to keep up with the rate of transpiration, gain in turgor occurs, and the stomata close. A. Agree, because the transpiration occurs faster than root absorption. D. Disagree, because the condition should be when root absorption is able to keep up with transpiration, then stomates close. B. Disagree, because under this condition, the turgor pressure decreases and the stomates close. C. Agree, because increase in turgor pressure under this condition, closes the stomates.arrow_forward
- Water movement through the xylem needs less pressure than movement through living cells. A. Agree, because water moves in xylem through diffusion. B. Disagree, because water needs turgor pressure in order to diffuse. D. Disagree, beacuse both need equal pressure for materials to pass through xylem and living cells like sievetubes. C. Agree, because water is non-living while photosynthates are living and must pass through living cells that require pressure.arrow_forwardThe pressure-flow model of phloem transport states thata. phloem content always flows from the leaves to the root.b. phloem content always flows from the root to the leaves.c. water flow takes sucrose from a source to a sink.d. water pressure creates a flow of water toward the source.e. Both c and d are correct.arrow_forwardMovement of phloem sap from a source to a sink(A) occurs through the apoplast of sieve-tube elements.(B) depends ultimately on the activity of proton pumps.(C) depends on tension, or negative pressure potential.(D) results mainly from diffusion.arrow_forward
- The xylem cell has a water potential of -45 MPa and the mesophyll cell of the leaf has a water potential of -57MPa. Which way does the water move?arrow_forwardDuring an experiment, a student covers all the stomata of a plant with nail polish, sealing them shut a)Predict how this would affect water transport b)How would this affect transport in the phloem?arrow_forwardYou have to design a leaf that has been adapted to grown in a dry environment by limiting transpiration. In your design you have to include at least four (4) adaptations and explain how this adaptation will contribute to the plant’s ability to grow in these conditions.arrow_forward
- Which of the following forces make the movement of water through the xylem possible? * A. Cohesion and adhesion B. Transpiration C. Root pressure D. A and B E. A, B, and Carrow_forwardThere is a trade-off between photosynthesis and transpiration in leaves because (a) numerous stomatal pores provide both gas exchange for photosynthesis and openings through which water vapor escapes (b) a waxy layer, the cuticle, reduces water loss (c) blue light triggers an influx of potassium ions (K+) into the guard cells (d) leaves of deciduous plants abscise as winter approaches in temperate climates (e) stomata are closed at night, although water continues to move into the roots by osmosisarrow_forwardClosed stomata ________. a. limit gas exchange c. prevent photosynthesis b. permit water loss d. absorb lightarrow_forward
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