Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology Plus Mastering Biology with Pearson eText -- Access Card Package (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780133910605
Author: Gerald Audesirk, Teresa Audesirk, Bruce E. Byers
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 37.9, Problem 1CSR
Summary Introduction
To explain:
The way in which the medical community should balance the benefits of antibiotic treatment for individuals against the overall risk to society of increased antibiotic resistance among bacteria.
Introduction:
Antibiotic is a chemical substance which inhibits the growth of microorganism, or kill them. Antibiotic are produced by different species of living microorganism, and they do not show any effect on the virus.
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Identifying an unknown bacterium is an essential step in the diagnosis and treatment process. Since not every antibiotic is effective against every type of bacteria, knowing what caused a particular infection allows us to make correct prescriptions so patients can recover more quickly. Knowing the cause of an infection also prevents antibiotic resistance as well, since incorrect prescriptions allow bacteria to be unnecessarily be exposed to antibiotics, increasing the chances of developing resistance.
Resistance to antimicrobial agents is more commonly seen in hospital-acquired infections with enteric bacteria than in community-based infections with the same species. Explain why this is so.
The intestinal epithelium produces a variety of antimicrobial peptides that play a crucial role in establishing the balance of commensal organisms versus
pathogens constituting the healthy host microbiota. Studies have found that, in Crohn's disease, individuals have dysbiosis, a condition in which there is
disruption of the normal composition of the host microbiota. It is, therefore, not surprising that several cases of Crohn's disease have been linked to:
Reduced recruitment of neutrophils to the intestinal mucosa
O Increased IL-10 secretion by intestinal macrophages
O Reduced production of IL-1-3 in response to microbial antigens
O Defects in production of antimicrobial peptides in Paneth cells
O Reduced number of Th17 cells in the lamina propria
Chapter 37 Solutions
Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology Plus Mastering Biology with Pearson eText -- Access Card Package (11th Edition)
Ch. 37.1 - compare and contrast the terms microbe and...Ch. 37.1 - Prob. 2CYLCh. 37.2 - If phagocytes kill most species of bacteria that...Ch. 37.2 - describe the external barriers to Infection,...Ch. 37.2 - Prob. 1TCCh. 37.2 - Prob. 2CYLCh. 37.3 - Prob. 1CYLCh. 37.3 - Prob. 2CYLCh. 37.4 - Prob. 1CYLCh. 37.4 - Prob. 2CYL
Ch. 37.4 - Prob. 3CYLCh. 37.5 - Prob. 1CYLCh. 37.5 - Prob. 2CYLCh. 37.6 - Prob. 1CYLCh. 37.6 - Prob. 2CYLCh. 37.7 - explain how antibiotics, antiviral drugs, and...Ch. 37.7 - Prob. 1ETCh. 37.7 - Prob. 1HYEWCh. 37.7 - Prob. 1TCCh. 37.7 - Prob. 2CYLCh. 37.8 - Prob. 1CYLCh. 37.8 - What might be the evolutionary advantage of...Ch. 37.9 - Prob. 1CSRCh. 37.9 - Prob. 1CTCh. 37.9 - Prob. 1CYLCh. 37.9 - describe current medical treatments against...Ch. 37 - Why is it essential that antibodies and T-cell...Ch. 37 - External defenses against microbial invasion...Ch. 37 - Prob. 1MCCh. 37 - Prob. 1RQCh. 37 - Prob. 2ACCh. 37 - Prob. 2FIBCh. 37 - Prob. 2MCCh. 37 - Prob. 2RQCh. 37 - Prob. 3FIBCh. 37 - Molecules that label your cells as self are a....Ch. 37 - Describe humoral immunity and cell-mediated...Ch. 37 - Prob. 4FIBCh. 37 - Prob. 4MCCh. 37 - Prob. 4RQCh. 37 - Prob. 5FIBCh. 37 - The immune system usually does not attack your...Ch. 37 - Prob. 5RQCh. 37 - Prob. 6FIBCh. 37 - Prob. 6RQCh. 37 - What are memory cells? How do they contribute to...Ch. 37 - Prob. 8RQCh. 37 - Prob. 9RQCh. 37 - Prob. 10RQCh. 37 - Prob. 11RQ
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