Fundamentals of Physics, Volume 1, Chapter 1-20
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781118233764
Author: David Halliday
Publisher: WILEY
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Question
Chapter 38, Problem 84P
To determine
To find:
a) Average de Broglie wavelength of He
b) Average distance between atoms
c) Whether the atoms consider as particles
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
Consider a balloon filled with helium gas at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. Calculate (a) the average de Broglie wavelength of the helium atoms and (b) the average distance between atoms under these conditions. The average kinetic energy of an atom is equal to (3/2)kT, where k is the Boltzmann constant. (c) Can the atoms be treated as particles under these conditions? Explain.
The root mean square speed of the hydrogen molecules at temperature t °C is given
by
3x8.31 x (t+273) m
2 x 10-3
Calculate the de Broglie wavelength (in nanometers) of the hydrogen molecules at
temperature 24 °C. The mass of the hydrogen molecule is 2 x 1.66 x 10-27 kg. Use two
decimals in your answer.
a. Conceptually, discuss the particle-wave duality of light. Discuss the implications of this in combination with the de Broglie (pronounced “de Broy”) equation.
b. The electron of a hydrogen atom is usually no further than 1.0 Å from the proton. We can therefore say the upper limit of the radius of an isolated hydrogen atom is roughly 1.0 Å. How does the de Broglie wavelength of the electron compare to this radius? (The velocity of an electron in the first principal energy level is about 2.2 x 106 m/s). Explain why wave-particle duality is so important for quantum mechanics, yet not required in macroscopic systems that are well described by classical mechanics.
c. Comment as to whether neutrons with velocity 4.14 x 103 m/s may be used to determine structures of molecules in a diffraction-based experiment. You may consider the relevant distance between atoms in molecules to be on the order of 1 Å.
Chapter 38 Solutions
Fundamentals of Physics, Volume 1, Chapter 1-20
Ch. 38 - Prob. 1QCh. 38 - Prob. 2QCh. 38 - Prob. 3QCh. 38 - Prob. 4QCh. 38 - Prob. 5QCh. 38 - Prob. 6QCh. 38 - Prob. 7QCh. 38 - Prob. 8QCh. 38 - Prob. 9QCh. 38 - Prob. 10Q
Ch. 38 - Prob. 11QCh. 38 - Prob. 12QCh. 38 - Prob. 13QCh. 38 - Prob. 14QCh. 38 - Prob. 15QCh. 38 - Prob. 16QCh. 38 - Prob. 1PCh. 38 - Prob. 2PCh. 38 - Prob. 3PCh. 38 - Prob. 4PCh. 38 - Prob. 5PCh. 38 - Prob. 6PCh. 38 - Prob. 7PCh. 38 - Prob. 8PCh. 38 - Prob. 9PCh. 38 - Prob. 10PCh. 38 - Prob. 11PCh. 38 - Prob. 12PCh. 38 - Prob. 13PCh. 38 - Prob. 14PCh. 38 - Prob. 15PCh. 38 - Prob. 16PCh. 38 - Prob. 17PCh. 38 - Prob. 18PCh. 38 - Prob. 19PCh. 38 - Prob. 20PCh. 38 - Prob. 21PCh. 38 - Prob. 22PCh. 38 - Prob. 23PCh. 38 - Prob. 24PCh. 38 - Prob. 25PCh. 38 - Prob. 26PCh. 38 - Prob. 27PCh. 38 - Prob. 28PCh. 38 - Prob. 29PCh. 38 - Prob. 30PCh. 38 - Prob. 31PCh. 38 - Prob. 32PCh. 38 - Prob. 33PCh. 38 - Prob. 34PCh. 38 - Prob. 35PCh. 38 - Prob. 36PCh. 38 - Prob. 37PCh. 38 - Prob. 38PCh. 38 - Prob. 39PCh. 38 - Prob. 40PCh. 38 - Prob. 41PCh. 38 - Prob. 42PCh. 38 - Prob. 43PCh. 38 - Prob. 44PCh. 38 - Prob. 45PCh. 38 - Prob. 46PCh. 38 - Prob. 47PCh. 38 - Prob. 48PCh. 38 - Prob. 49PCh. 38 - Prob. 50PCh. 38 - Prob. 51PCh. 38 - Prob. 52PCh. 38 - Prob. 53PCh. 38 - Prob. 54PCh. 38 - Prob. 55PCh. 38 - Prob. 56PCh. 38 - Prob. 57PCh. 38 - Prob. 58PCh. 38 - Prob. 59PCh. 38 - Prob. 60PCh. 38 - Prob. 61PCh. 38 - Prob. 62PCh. 38 - Prob. 63PCh. 38 - Prob. 64PCh. 38 - Prob. 65PCh. 38 - Prob. 66PCh. 38 - Prob. 67PCh. 38 - Prob. 68PCh. 38 - Prob. 69PCh. 38 - Prob. 70PCh. 38 - Prob. 71PCh. 38 - Prob. 72PCh. 38 - Prob. 73PCh. 38 - Prob. 74PCh. 38 - Prob. 75PCh. 38 - Prob. 76PCh. 38 - Prob. 77PCh. 38 - Prob. 78PCh. 38 - Prob. 79PCh. 38 - Prob. 80PCh. 38 - Prob. 81PCh. 38 - Prob. 82PCh. 38 - Prob. 83PCh. 38 - Prob. 84PCh. 38 - Prob. 85PCh. 38 - Prob. 86PCh. 38 - Prob. 87PCh. 38 - Prob. 88PCh. 38 - Prob. 89PCh. 38 - Prob. 90P
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, physics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- (a) What is the energy of an electron whose de Brogue wavelength is that of a photon of yellow light with wavelength 590 nm? (b) What is the de Brogue wavelength of an electron whose energy is that of the photon of yellow light?arrow_forwardA student in a physics laboratory observes a hydrogen spectrum with a diffraction grating for the purpose of measuring the wavelengths of the emitted radiation, hr the spectrum, she observes a yellow line and finds its wavelength to be 589 nm. (a) Assuming that this is part of the Balmer series, determine the principal quantum number of the initial state, (b) What is unreasonable about this result? (c) Which assumptions are unreasonable 01 inconsistent?arrow_forwardAn electron has de Broglie wavelength 2.82×10-10 m. Determine the magnitude of the electron's momentum pe. Express your answer in kilogram meters per second to three significant figures. ▸ View Available Hint(s) Pe 2.35×10-24 kg. m/s Submit Previous Answers Part B Correct Determine the kinetic energy Ke of the electron. Express your answer in joules to three significant figures. ▸ View Available Hint(s) 跖 ΑΣΦ 18 Ke=3.18 10 • Submit Previous Answers × Incorrect; Try Again; 2 attempts remaining ? Jarrow_forward
- A sodium atom in one of the states labeled “Lowest excited levels” in Fig. remains in that state, on average, for 1.6 * 10-8 s before it makes a transition to the ground state, emitting a photon with wavelength 589.0 nm and energy 2.105 eV. What is the uncertainty in energy of that excited state? What is the wavelength spread of the corresponding spectral line?arrow_forwardA neutron of mass 1.675 × 10-27 kg has a de Broglie wavelength of 7.8x10-12 m. What is the kinetic energy (in eV) of this non-relativistic neutron? Please give your answer with two decimal places. 1 eV = 1.60 × 10-19 J, h = 6.626 × 10-34 J ∙ s.arrow_forwardConsider an electron with kinetic energy E = 10 eV. Calculate the de Broglie wavelength of the electron. Express your answer in Angstroms. 1 Angstrom = 1 x 10-10 m.arrow_forward
- a. The kinetic energy of an electron is (Z + 1.5)keV. Find the de Broglie wavelength and momentum of the electron. A photon of wavelength (Z + 22) × 10¬12 m is collided with an electron from a carbon block and the scattered photon is detected at (Z + 75)' to the incident beam. Find the energy absorbed by b. the recoil electron. . Discuss (in your own words) why the Saturation Current is directly proportional to the Intensity of incident radiation in the Photoelectric Effect.arrow_forwardAn electron has de Broglie wavelength 2.78×10-10 m . Part A Determine the magnitude of the electron's momentum pe. Express your answer in kilogram meters per second to three significant figures. ▸ View Available Hint(s) VG ΑΣΦ 24 Pe 2.29 10 . Submit Previous Answers ? × Incorrect; Try Again; One attempt remaining kg. m/sarrow_forwardA) What is the approximate wavelength emitted from helium represented by the bright yellow emission line below? What is it's frequency in HZ and energy in eV? (1 eV= 1.6 x 10-19 joules). B) If the excited helium electron that emits a yellow photon in this line starts with a potential energy of 8 eV, what is the potential energy of the electron afterwards? Assume that the emission of a yellow photon is allowed by the laws of quantum mechanics. Also don't worry about the other electron.arrow_forward
- A) Calculate the de Broglie wavelength of a neutron (mn = 1.67493×10-27 kg) moving at one six hundredth of the speed of light (c/600). (Enter at least 4 significant figures.) B) Calculate the velocity of an electron (me = 9.10939×10-31 kg) having a de Broglie wavelength of 230.1 pm.arrow_forwardWPS Office ASSIGNMENT 2.pdf + Sign in O Go Premium = Menu v Home Insert Comment Edit Page Protect Tools 1. The photoelectric threshold wavelength of a tungsten surface is 270 nm. Calculate the maximum kinetic energy (in eV) of the electrons ejected from this tungsten surface by ultraviolet radiation of frequency 1.45 x 1015 Hz. K 2. What would the min. work function for a metal have to be for visible light (380–750 nm) to eject photoelectrons? B 3. The cathode-ray tubes that generated the picture in early color televisions were sources of X-rays. If the acceleration voltage in a television tube is 15 kV, what are the shortest- wavelength x-rays produced by the television? 4. (a) What is the minimum potential difference between the filament and the target of an x- ray tube if the tube is to produce x-rays with a wavelength of 0.16 nm? (b) What is the shortest wavelength produced in an x-ray tube operated at 30 kV? 3E 5. A laser produces light of wavelength 620 nm in an ultrashort pulse.…arrow_forwardIn this problem, you will calculate the center of mass of two molecules. For each molecule, draw a picture. Clearly indicate the origin of your coordinate system, the locations of the atoms, and the location of the center of mass. Consult a periodic table to find the masses of the atoms. (a) Electron diffraction experiments reveal that the distance between the centers of the carbon (C) and oxygen (O) atoms in a carbon monoxide molecule is about 1.100 x 10-10 m. Where is the center of mass of a CO molecule? (b) In an ammonia molecule (NH3), the atoms are arranged in a pyramid.* The three hydrogen atoms (H) form an equilateral triangle at the base of a pyramid. The distance between the centers of the hydrogen atoms is 1.628 x 10-10 m; thus, the center of the triangle is 9.399 x 10-"m from each hydrogen atom. The nitrogen atom (N) sits at the apex of the pyramid. The distance between the center of the nitrogen atom and any hydrogen atom is 1.014 x 10-10 m. Where is the center of mass of…arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Principles of Physics: A Calculus-Based TextPhysicsISBN:9781133104261Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. JewettPublisher:Cengage Learning
Modern PhysicsPhysicsISBN:9781111794378Author:Raymond A. Serway, Clement J. Moses, Curt A. MoyerPublisher:Cengage Learning
University Physics Volume 3PhysicsISBN:9781938168185Author:William Moebs, Jeff SannyPublisher:OpenStax
Physics for Scientists and Engineers with Modern ...PhysicsISBN:9781337553292Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. JewettPublisher:Cengage Learning
Principles of Physics: A Calculus-Based Text
Physics
ISBN:9781133104261
Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Modern Physics
Physics
ISBN:9781111794378
Author:Raymond A. Serway, Clement J. Moses, Curt A. Moyer
Publisher:Cengage Learning
University Physics Volume 3
Physics
ISBN:9781938168185
Author:William Moebs, Jeff Sanny
Publisher:OpenStax
Physics for Scientists and Engineers with Modern ...
Physics
ISBN:9781337553292
Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett
Publisher:Cengage Learning