Concept explainers
Interpretation:
The effect of each type of radiation on
Concept introduction:
Radioactive decay can results in change in the protons in the nucleus. Also, the identity of an atom gets changed. The number of protons in an atom is called the atomic number. The sum of the number of protons and neutrons is equal to the mass number.
Answer to Problem 105A
The radiation changes the atomic number and mass number of an atom. There are three types of radiation occurs, Alpha radiation, Beta radiation and Gamma radiation.
Explanation of Solution
The main three forms of radioactive emissions are as follows:
- Alpha particle emission.
- Beta particle emission.
- Gamma radiation.
An alpha particlecontains two protons and two neutrons similar to He atom.
When an alpha particle is emitted from radioactive atom, the first change isin the atomic number. It decreases by two, and its mass number is decreased by 4 units. For example the alpha-particle emissionis shown as follows:
92235U → 24He+90231Th
The second radioactive emission is called a beta particle. A beta particle is formed after the removal of an electron from the nucleus with-1 charge. The new formed atom has same mass number, since, the number of protons increases by one unit, the atomic number increases by one. Example of emitting a beta particle is as follows:
614C →714N+-10e
The third type is not a particle but it is an energetic form of
The reactions are represented as follows:
From these types of radiation, the atomic number and mass number change.
The original atom’s atomic number decreases by two and its mass number decreases by four, when alpha radiation occurs. When beta decay takes place, the mass number remains the same but the number of protons increases by 1 unit. There is no change bygamma radiation.
Chapter 4 Solutions
Glencoe Chemistry: Matter and Change, Student Edition
Additional Science Textbook Solutions
Organic Chemistry (8th Edition)
Chemistry: A Molecular Approach
Organic Chemistry
Inorganic Chemistry
Organic Chemistry (9th Edition)
Introductory Chemistry (6th Edition)
- ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305957404Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Cengage LearningChemistryChemistryISBN:9781259911156Author:Raymond Chang Dr., Jason Overby ProfessorPublisher:McGraw-Hill EducationPrinciples of Instrumental AnalysisChemistryISBN:9781305577213Author:Douglas A. Skoog, F. James Holler, Stanley R. CrouchPublisher:Cengage Learning
- Organic ChemistryChemistryISBN:9780078021558Author:Janice Gorzynski Smith Dr.Publisher:McGraw-Hill EducationChemistry: Principles and ReactionsChemistryISBN:9781305079373Author:William L. Masterton, Cecile N. HurleyPublisher:Cengage LearningElementary Principles of Chemical Processes, Bind...ChemistryISBN:9781118431221Author:Richard M. Felder, Ronald W. Rousseau, Lisa G. BullardPublisher:WILEY