(a)
Interpretation:
Whether the valence electrons are more, fewer or the same for first element compared to the second one in the following pair -
Concept Introduction:
The electrons present in the outermost shell of the atom are known as valence electrons.
Valence electrons are important because:
- The valence electrons decide the reactivity of an element.
- Except inner
transition elements valence electrons are present in s or p subshells of elements. - For inner transition elements incompletely filled d or f subshells electrons are considered as valence electrons.
- The group number is similar to number of valence electrons of an atom.
The ways in which electrons are arranged into various orbitals around the nuclei of atoms is called electronic configuration.
(b)
Interpretation:
Whether the valence electrons are more, few or same for first element compared to the second one in the following pair -
Concept Introduction:
The electrons present in the outermost shell of the atom are known as valence electrons.
Valence electrons are important because:
- The valence electrons decide the reactivity of an element.
- Except inner transition elements valence electrons are present in s or p subshells of elements.
- For inner transition elements incompletely filled d or f subshells electrons are considered as valence electrons.
- The group number is similar to number of valence electrons of an atom.
The ways in which electrons are arranged into various orbitals around the nuclei of atoms is called electronic configuration.
(c)
Interpretation:
Whether the valence electrons are more, few or same for first element compared to the second one in the following pair-
Concept Introduction:
The electrons present in the outermost shell of the atom are known as valence electrons.
Valence electrons are important because:
- The valence electrons decide the reactivity of an element.
- Except inner transition elements valence electrons are present in s or p subshells of elements.
- For inner transition elements incompletely filled d or f subshells electrons are considered as valence electrons.
- The group number is similar to number of valence electrons of an atom.
The ways in which electrons are arranged into various orbitals around the nuclei of atoms is called electronic configuration.
(d)
Interpretation:
Whether the valence electrons are more, few or same for first element compared to the second one in the following pair-
Concept Introduction:
The electrons present in the outermost shell of the atom are known as valence electrons.
Valence electrons are important because:
- The valence electrons decide the reactivity of an element.
- Except inner transition elements valence electrons are present in s or p subshells of elements.
- For inner transition elements incompletely filled d or f subshells electrons are considered as valence electrons.
- The group number is similar to number of valence electrons of an atom.
The ways in which electrons are arranged into various orbitals around the nuclei of atoms is called electronic configuration.
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 4 Solutions
General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry
- Consider the two electron arrangements for neutral atoms A and B. What is the atomic number of A? A - 1s2, 2s2, 2p6, 3s1B - 1s2, 2s2, 2p6, 5s1arrow_forwardWhich atom’s valence electrons experience the greatest effective nuclear charge?(a) the valence electrons in Mg(b) the valence electrons in Al(c) the valence electrons in Sarrow_forwarda. List three elements that have 2 electrons in their valence shell. b. List three elements that have filled valence shells. c. List three elements that are one electron short of having a filled valence shellarrow_forward
- What are valence electrons? A( Electrons on the outermost shell) B ( electrons on the first shell) C ( all electrons are considered valence electrons ) D ( electrons in the nucleus)arrow_forward1. Silicon has the electronic configuration 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p2. Discuss how you can determine that 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p2 is the electronic configuration for silicon. 2. What is a reason potassium tends to lose one electron to form a +1 ion K+1? What is the reason chlorine tends to add one electron to form the -1 ion Cl-1 ? Hint: They are the same reason. 3. In the abbreviated electronic figure for phosphorus [Ar] 3s2 3p3 how do you know what are the core electrons? 4. A student got a problem wrong. They were asked, “How many grams of MgCl2 (molar mass = 95.21 g/mol) are needed to make 3.16 L of a 0.500 M MgCl2 solution?” The correct answer is 150. but the student got 1.58. What mistake did the student make? 5. To solve the following problem what is the reason you must subtract the vapor pressure of water, 24 torr, from the total pressure, 747 torr in order to solve the problem? “A 500.0-mL sample of H2 gas is collected over water at 298 K and 747 torr. What volume would the…arrow_forwardHow many valence electrons are needed to complete the outer valence shell of sulfur? a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 4arrow_forward
- Write the electron configurations for the following atoms or ions: (a) B3+ (b) O (c) Cl3+ (d) Ca2+ (e) Tiarrow_forwardExplain why (a) negative ions are larger than their corresponding atoms. (b) scandium, a transition metal, forms an ion with a noble-gas structure. (c) electronegativity decreases down a group in the periodic table.arrow_forward
- Principles of Modern ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305079113Author:David W. Oxtoby, H. Pat Gillis, Laurie J. ButlerPublisher:Cengage LearningIntroductory Chemistry: A FoundationChemistryISBN:9781337399425Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Cengage LearningChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305957404Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Cengage Learning
- Chemistry: An Atoms First ApproachChemistryISBN:9781305079243Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. ZumdahlPublisher:Cengage LearningLiving By Chemistry: First Edition TextbookChemistryISBN:9781559539418Author:Angelica StacyPublisher:MAC HIGHER