Biology
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781260487947
Author: BROOKER
Publisher: MCG
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Chapter 4, Problem 4TY
Summary Introduction
Introduction: Shape, organization, and movement to a cell are provided by its cytoskeleton. Proteins using ATP as a source of energy to facilitate cell movements are known as motor proteins. A head, hinge, and a tail give rise to a motor protein. Flagella and cilia are the cell appendages that are involved in the movement of the animal cell.
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Students have asked these similar questions
Which of the following statements are true for both actin and tubulin:
a.
Both actin and tubulin filaments are hollow.
b.
Both actin and tubulin are structural proteins capable to form filaments that can grow from both (+) and (-) ends.
c.
Both actin and tubulin require GTP for polymerization into filaments.
d.
Both actin and tubulin require ATP for polymerization into filaments.
Actin and microtubules have polarity, intermediate filaments have no polarity. What is the main consequence of this difference?
The cell skeleton
In the cell there are three types of filaments that form the cell skeleton.
answer:a) What they are
b) How they are structured
c) What function they have
Chapter 4 Solutions
Biology
Ch. 4.1 - What properties of deep-sea vents made them...Ch. 4.1 - Which protobiont seems most similar to todays...Ch. 4.1 - Core Skill: Connections Look back at Figure 3.11....Ch. 4.1 - Prob. 3CCCh. 4.2 - Prob. 1CCCh. 4.2 - Prob. 2CCCh. 4.3 - Prob. 1CSCh. 4.3 - Prob. 1CCCh. 4.3 - Prob. 2CSCh. 4.4 - Prob. 1CS
Ch. 4.4 - Describe the type of movements that occur between...Ch. 4.4 - Prob. 2CSCh. 4.5 - Prob. 1CCCh. 4.5 - Prob. 1CSCh. 4.5 - If we consider the Golgi apparatus as three...Ch. 4.5 - The Nucleus and Endomembrane System Experimental...Ch. 4.5 - Prob. 2EQCh. 4.5 - Prob. 3EQCh. 4.5 - Prob. 3CCCh. 4.6 - Prob. 1CCCh. 4.6 - Core Skill: Connections Look ahead to Figure...Ch. 4.7 - Prob. 1CCCh. 4.7 - Prob. 2CCCh. 4 - The cell theory states that a. all living things...Ch. 4 - Prob. 2TYCh. 4 - Prob. 3TYCh. 4 - Prob. 4TYCh. 4 - Each of the following is part of the endomembrane...Ch. 4 - Prob. 6TYCh. 4 - Functions of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum...Ch. 4 - Prob. 8TYCh. 4 - Prob. 9TYCh. 4 - Which of the following observations would not be...Ch. 4 - What are the four stages that led to the origin of...Ch. 4 - Explain how motor proteins and cytoskeletal...Ch. 4 - Prob. 3CQCh. 4 - Discuss the roles of the genome and proteome in...Ch. 4 - Prob. 2COQ
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- Some genetic diseases cause deficient activity of lysosomes. What would be the direct consequence of these diseases? a.Fewer macromolecules within the cytosol. b.Less degradation of old organelles. c.Increased hydrolysis of macromolecules. d.Reduce rate of endocytosis.arrow_forwardif you visualize the cytoskeleton of a cell that is expanding in one direction, you typically observed a strong orientation of the cytoskeleton. Please answer the following three questions. a. Would the cytoskeleton be oriented parallel or perpendicular to the direction of cell expansion? b. Would the cellulose fibers in the cell wall be parallel or perpendicular to the cytoskeleton? c. Explain why cytoskeleton, cellulose fibers, and direction of cell expansion have the relationship mentioned in a and b?arrow_forwardThe effect of MAP2 on microtubules is similar to the effect of CapZ on microfilaments how? both stabilize the positive end of the filament both bundle the filaments in parallel bundles both increase the instability of the negative end of the filament both nucleate the formation of the filamentsarrow_forward
- You’re having a discussion with a colleague who insists that intermediate filaments, IFs, provide very little mechanical strength to cells. How can you rebut this and provide quantitative, experimental evidence to measure the strength of an intermediate filament using microscopy?arrow_forwardWhat triggers the movement of the thin filament? Is it because of the high --> low energy configuration? The exact mechanism is confusing to me.arrow_forwardA triple helix filament structure is highly characteristic of: a. Microtubules b. Actin microfilaments c. Collagen d. Keratinsarrow_forward
- A melanosome (type of vesicle containing the pigment melanin) is transported towards the nucleus of the cell. The hydrolysis of ATP is involved with this movement. Identify the most likely motor protein and cytoskeletal filament involved with this transport. a. Myosin, microtubules b. Kinesin, actin filaments c. Dynein, actin filaments d. Dynein, microtubules e. Kinesin, microtubules f. Myosin, actin filamentsarrow_forwardWhat is necessary to make a cleavage furrow during cytokinesis? A. Kinesin "walking" along microtubules B. Myosin filaments shortening C. Actin and myosin-mediated contraction D. All of the above E. None of the abovearrow_forwardFrom the image, what is the normal function of the missing structure? A. A lipid bilayer controlling the movement of substances into and out of the cell B. A motor protein that "crawls" along microtubules to contract and release them, which provides movement C. A cytoskeleton element composed of tubulin subunits to provide structure for movement of the cellarrow_forward
- 5. Microtubules and microfilaments are similar in that: Group of answer choices A. both use GTP as their energy source. B. both have distinct + and – ends. C. both can disassemble by “catastrophe.” D. both assemble from a small number of locations in the cell. E. None of the above is correct. 6. Intermediate filaments are distinct from microtubules in all of the following EXCEPT: Group of answer choices A. Intermediate filaments are not directional. B. Intermediate filaments do not have associated motor proteins. C. Intermediate filaments do not need ATP to assemble. D. Intermediate filaments are more dynamic. E. They are distinct in all of these ways.arrow_forwardThere are three major classes of filaments that make up the cytoskeleton. What are they, and what are the differences in their functions? Which cytoskeletal filaments would be most plentiful in a muscle cell or in an epidermal cell making up the outer layer of the skin? explain your answers.arrow_forwardWhat would be the consequence for actin filament assembly/disassembly if a mutation prevented actin’s ability to bind ATP? What would be the consequence if a mutation prevented actin’s ability to hydrolyze ATP?arrow_forward
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