EBK ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY: THE UNITY OF
7th Edition
ISBN: 8220102796409
Author: SALADIN
Publisher: YUZU
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Chapter 4, Problem 5TYC
Summary Introduction
Summary:
The concept of one gene codes for one protein, and each protein represents a separate gene is wrong. A gene can give rise to many proteins.
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Students have asked these similar questions
Many aspects of gene function can be nicely explained with the one-gene-one-enzyme hypothesis, which states that a gene controls the production of an enzyme. Which of the following findings about gene expression, though, requires an expansion of this simple concept?
Choose an answer below:
Non-enzyme proteins are made from genes too.
Some genes code for RNA molecules only.
Enzymes composed of different polypeptides are coded for by more than one gene.
a and c, but not b
a, b, and c
When the human genome sequence was finally completed, scientists were surprised to discover that the genome contains far fewer genes than expected. How many genes are present in the human genome? Scientists have also found that there are many more different kinds of proteins in the human cells that there are different genes in the genome. How can this be explained?
When comparing evolutionary similarities between different genes within a gene family, it is usually more straightforward to compare genes by using the protein sequences of gene products rather than DNA sequences of the genes themselves. Explain why this is the case. (Write 5 points)
Chapter 4 Solutions
EBK ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY: THE UNITY OF
Ch. 4.1 - Prob. 1BYGOCh. 4.1 - Prob. 2BYGOCh. 4.1 - Prob. 3BYGOCh. 4.1 - Prob. 4BYGOCh. 4.1 - Prob. 1AYLOCh. 4.1 - Prob. 2AYLOCh. 4.1 - Prob. 3AYLOCh. 4.1 - Prob. 4AYLOCh. 4.1 - Prob. 5AYLOCh. 4.1 - Prob. 6AYLO
Ch. 4.2 - Prob. 5BYGOCh. 4.2 - Prob. 6BYGOCh. 4.2 - Prob. 7BYGOCh. 4.2 - Prob. 8BYGOCh. 4.2 - Prob. 9BYGOCh. 4.2 - Prob. 10BYGOCh. 4.2 - Prob. 1AYLOCh. 4.2 - Prob. 2AYLOCh. 4.2 - Prob. 3AYLOCh. 4.2 - Prob. 4AYLOCh. 4.2 - Prob. 5AYLOCh. 4.2 - Prob. 6AYLOCh. 4.2 - Prob. 7AYLOCh. 4.2 - Prob. 8AYLOCh. 4.2 - Prob. 9AYLOCh. 4.2 - Prob. 10AYLOCh. 4.3 - Prob. 11BYGOCh. 4.3 - Prob. 12BYGOCh. 4.3 - Prob. 13BYGOCh. 4.3 - Prob. 14BYGOCh. 4.3 - Prob. 15BYGOCh. 4.3 - Prob. 1AYLOCh. 4.3 - Prob. 2AYLOCh. 4.3 - Prob. 3AYLOCh. 4.3 - Prob. 4AYLOCh. 4.3 - Prob. 5AYLOCh. 4.3 - Prob. 6AYLOCh. 4.3 - Prob. 7AYLOCh. 4.4 - Prob. 16BYGOCh. 4.4 - Prob. 17BYGOCh. 4.4 - Prob. 18BYGOCh. 4.4 - Prob. 1AYLOCh. 4.4 - Prob. 2AYLOCh. 4.4 - Prob. 3AYLOCh. 4.4 - Prob. 4AYLOCh. 4.4 - Prob. 5AYLOCh. 4.4 - Prob. 6AYLOCh. 4.4 - Prob. 7AYLOCh. 4.4 - Prob. 8AYLOCh. 4.4 - Prob. 9AYLOCh. 4.4 - Prob. 10AYLOCh. 4.4 - Prob. 11AYLOCh. 4.4 - Prob. 12AYLOCh. 4.4 - Prob. 13AYLOCh. 4.4 - Prob. 14AYLOCh. 4 - Production of more than one phenotypic trait by a...Ch. 4 - When a ribosome reads a codon on mRNA, it must...Ch. 4 - Prob. 3TYRCh. 4 - Two genetically identical strands of a metaphase...Ch. 4 - Prob. 5TYRCh. 4 - Genetic transcription is performed by a....Ch. 4 - Prob. 7TYRCh. 4 - Prob. 8TYRCh. 4 - Semiconservative replication occurs during a....Ch. 4 - Mutagens sometimes cause no harm to cells for all...Ch. 4 - The cytoplasmic division at the end of mitosis is...Ch. 4 - Prob. 12TYRCh. 4 - Prob. 13TYRCh. 4 - Prob. 14TYRCh. 4 - Prob. 15TYRCh. 4 - Prob. 16TYRCh. 4 - Prob. 17TYRCh. 4 - The cytoplasmic granule of RNA and protein that...Ch. 4 - Prob. 19TYRCh. 4 - Prob. 20TYRCh. 4 - Prob. 1BYMVCh. 4 - Prob. 2BYMVCh. 4 - Prob. 3BYMVCh. 4 - Prob. 4BYMVCh. 4 - Prob. 5BYMVCh. 4 - Prob. 6BYMVCh. 4 - Prob. 7BYMVCh. 4 - Prob. 8BYMVCh. 4 - Prob. 9BYMVCh. 4 - Prob. 10BYMVCh. 4 - Prob. 1TFCh. 4 - Steroids, carbohydrates, and phospholipids are...Ch. 4 - Prob. 3TFCh. 4 - Prob. 4TFCh. 4 - Prob. 5TFCh. 4 - The law of complementary base pairing describes...Ch. 4 - Prob. 7TFCh. 4 - Prob. 8TFCh. 4 - Prob. 9TFCh. 4 - Prob. 10TFCh. 4 - Why world the supercoiled, condensed form of...Ch. 4 - Prob. 2TYCCh. 4 - Given the information in this chapter, present an...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4TYCCh. 4 - Prob. 5TYC
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Similar questions
- All the cells of one organisms share the genome. However, during development, some cells develop into skin cells while others develop into muscle cells. How can the same genetic instructions result in two different cell types in the same organism? Thoroughly explain your answer.arrow_forwardAll the cells of one organism share the same genome. However, during development, some cells develop into skin cells while others develop into muscle cells. Briefly explain how the same genetic instructions can result in two different cell types in the same organism.arrow_forwardAccording to the Central Dogma, genes are the blueprints for making proteins. Each gene (humans have 21,325) contains a single “coded message” of DNA bases (A, T, G, & C) attached in a specific order, which the cell “reads” to create an mRNA molecule that is then translated into protein. Knowing this, EXPLAIN how a SINGLE gene can make different proteins in different cells.arrow_forward
- In Avery et al.’s experiments, they used a general proteinase that can break down many types of protein, rather than a protein-degrading enzyme that broke down only one type of protein. Why was this still not sufficient to show that protein was not the genetic material?arrow_forwardPlease use information from the text below and your knowledge of biology to answer the final two (2) questions. In 2003, as a result of the Human Genome Project, the complete sequence of all the bases in human DNA was released to the public. Although knowing the entire sequence of bases has proven valuable, scientists are currently working to map genes. Mapping genes involves determining the exact location of each gene. Since much of human DNA does not code for a protein, it is challenging to figure out which segments are actual genes. Often, scientists look at the percent composition of bases in a segment of DNA. If the segment of DNA has a large percentage of C and G bases (together over 50%), it is likely that it is a gene and codes for a protein. 9. A scientist analyzed the bases in a segment of DNA from a human skin cell to determine if it codes for a protein. The base A (Adenine) is 11% of the bases in this segment of DNA. Calculate the percentage of bases that would be C…arrow_forwardPlease use information from the text below and your knowledge of biology to answer the final two (2) questions. In 2003, as a result of the Human Genome Project, the complete sequence of all the bases in human DNA was released to the public. Although knowing the entire sequence of bases has proven valuable, scientists are currently working to map genes. Mapping genes involves determining the exact location of each gene. Since much of human DNA does not code for a protein, it is challenging to figure out which segments are actual genes. Often, scientists look at the percent composition of bases in a segment of DNA. If the segment of DNA has a large percentage of C and G bases (together over 50%), it is likely that it is a gene and codes for a protein. 10. Is it likely this segment of DNA codes for a protein? State 'yes' or 'no' AND support your answer using information from the text.arrow_forward
- Based on our modern understanding, what revisions are necessary to the original one-gene / one-enzyme hypothesis? (Check all that apply.) Alternative splicing allows one gene to encode multiple polypeptides. Some genes encode RNAs, not enzymes. Some genes encode lipids, not enzymes. Some genes encode polypeptides that are not enzymes, such as structural proteins. Proteins as functional units may be composed of several polypeptides, so genes may encode just one polypeptide within a larger protein. Enzymes are not encoded by genes after all — they are constructed through separate biochemical processes.arrow_forwardIs the following statement true or false?Why? “The flow of genetic information in the cell is alwaysDNA -> RNA -> protein.”arrow_forwardThe following image depicts a short stretch of sequence associated with a gene. Which of the following is true?arrow_forward
- What observations are consistent with the conclusion that DNA serves as the genetic material in eukaryotes? Select the four correct statements. a. DNA content and ploidy in various cell types( sperm and somatic cells) are related b. DNA is found to be the only macromolecule in eukaryotes that has different subunits. c. Gene transfer is a direct evidence as it has been facilitated by recombinant DNA techniques. d. The correlation of the action and absorption spectra of ultraviolet light support the interpretation that DNA is a genetic material. e. DNA is shown to be present in ribosomes, matrix, and nucleus, where genetic function is performed. f. DNA is shown to be present in mitochondria, chloroplasts, and nucleus, where genetic function is performed.arrow_forwardList and describe the processes that make up the central dogma of biology which provides the path for the flow of genetic information from DNA to the proteins that are synthesized and carry out the functions needed by the cell.arrow_forwardRefer to Figure 2 and compare this with the DNA model in Figure 1. a. In what ways are they similar? b. In what ways are they different? c. What is the biological significance of such differences? Why is the DNA referred to as the genetic material?arrow_forward
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