What Is Life? A Guide to Biology with Physiology
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781319065447
Author: Jay Phelan
Publisher: W. H. Freeman
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Chapter 4, Problem 7MC
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Mitochondria are the cell organelles that produce energy from fuel molecules like carbohydrates.
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Why do scientists believe that
mitochondria evolved before
chloroplasts?
A. because all eukaryotic cells have mitochondria but
not all eukaryotic cells have chloroplasts
B. because mitochondria are more efficient than
chloroplasts
C. because mitochondria live longer than chloroplasts
D. because mitochondria are larger and stronger than
chloroplasts
Chrome OS Wien
According to the endosymbiont theory:
a)
modern plant cells are able to carry out photosynthesis because their ancestors engulfed cyanobacteria.
b)
chloroplasts and mitochondria evolved from prokaryotic cells.
c)
ancestral eukaryotic cells acquired the ability to carry out aerobic respiration as a result of engulfing aerobic bacteria.
d)
a and c
e)
a, b and c
For each of the following indicate if they evolved once, twice, or perhaps several times.
a) acquisition of mitochondria
b) acquisition of chloroplast
c) multicellularity
d) origin of ribosomes
Chapter 4 Solutions
What Is Life? A Guide to Biology with Physiology
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE about the organization and function of chloroplasts and mitochondria? a. The pH is very low in the matrix of both organelles. b. Both cristae and grana are infoldings of the inner membrane. c. Inner membranes contain the transport proteins and ATP Synthases. d. Both organelles can divide independently of the cell.arrow_forwardThe origin of the photosynthetic eukaryote took place when a ______ was engulfed by a later eukaryote with mitochondria. Later eukaryote with mitochondria b) early eukaryote with chitin c) early prokaryote with ribosomes d) later prokaryote with chloroplastsarrow_forwardThere are several lines of evidence that suggest that chloroplasts and mitochondria were once independent organisms. Explain in your own words what that evidence is.arrow_forward
- Which of the following is not a characteristic that chloroplasts and mitochondria share? A. They are both believed to originally be Eubacteria B. They are both double-membrane structures. C. They are capable of reproducing themselves. D. They are both part of the endoplasmic membrane system. E. They both have their own DNA.arrow_forwardThe concept of endosymbiosis as applied to chloroplast and mitochondria found in eukaryotes: a) is based on evidence that Chloroplasts and Mitochondria were originally prokaryotes, b) changes present day animals into plants, c) explains how chemical evolution caused the appearance of life, d) allowed chloroplasts to carry out aerobic metabolism, e) all are true.arrow_forwardOne piece of supporting evidence for the endosymbiotic theory for the origin of eukaryotic cells is thata. eukaryotic cells have internal membranes.b. mitochondria and chloroplasts have their own DNA.c. Golgi bodies and endoplasmic reticulum were present in ancestral cells.d. the nuclear membrane could only have come from another cell.arrow_forward
- How do scientists know that mitochondria and chloroplasts were likely once free-living prokaryotes? What theory is explained by this evidence?arrow_forwardNow imagine that you are pretty wimpy ancestral eukaryotic cell, incapable of either cellular respiration or photosynthesis. Writing in the first person (from the "" perspective), please describe the evolutionary process by which you and your offspring ultimately evolved into the first amazing plant cell, which was capable of BOTH cellular respiration and photosynthesis. In your response, be sure to demonstrate your understanding of the following: the main difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, the major cellular organelles, natural selection, the basic structure and function of mitochondria and chloroplasts, as well as the types of macromolecules that make up these organelles.arrow_forwardPart A: Animal cells do not have chloroplasts A. True B, False Animal cells carry out cellular respiration as long as they are alive. A. Yes B. No Part B: Bacteria carry out cellular respiration A. True B. False Photorespiration is same as cellular respiration NO Yesarrow_forward
- Chloroplasts and mitochondria evolved from an endosymbioticrelationship involvinga. purple bacteria and cyanobacteria, respectively.b. cyanobacteria and purple bacteria, respectively.c. cyanobacteria.d. purple bacteria.arrow_forwardBiologists think that endosymbiosis gave rise to mitochondriabefore plastids partly because(A) the products of photosynthesis could not be metabolizedwithout mitochondrial enzymes.(B) all eukaryotes have mitochondria (or their remnants),whereas many eukaryotes do not have plastids.(C) mitochondrial DNA is less similar to prokaryotic DNA thanis plastid DNA.(D) without mitochondrial CO2 production, photosynthesiscould not occur.arrow_forwardWhich of the evolutionary sequences below does NOT represent how chloroplasts were derived? A.cyanobacteria → red algae →brown algae B.cyanobacteria → green algae → land plants C. cyanobacteria → green algae → fungi → land plants D. cyanobacteria → green algae → red algaearrow_forward
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