Biology
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781260487947
Author: BROOKER
Publisher: MCG
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Textbook Question
Chapter 43, Problem 3CQ
Core Concept: Systems New properties of life emerge from complex interactions, such as those between cells. How is this principle evident in the structure and function of animal nervous systems?
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WRITE ABOUT A THEME: ORGANIZATION In a short essay(100–150 words), describe how the structure and electricalproperties of vertebrate neurons reflect similarities anddifferences with other animal cells.
Neuroscience Question: Which of the following statements ACCURATELY describe spinal cord organization.
α-motor neurons are organized from lateral to media such that those found towards the medial section of the spinal cord controls the distal muscles.
Lumbar spinal cord enlargement is observed where neurons that innervate the legs and feet are located
Neuronal cell bodies (somas) of neurons that innervate single muscles are only found in a single spinal cord segment.
Muscles of the trunk are represented medially while muscles of arms and hands are represented laterally
Group of answer choices
1, 2, 4
2, 3, 4
2, 4
4 only
1,2,3,4
Here is my reasoning: Please you be the judge if this is correct!
α-motor neurons are organized from lateral to medial such that those found towards the medial section of the spinal cord control the distal muscles.
This is inaccurate. α-motor neurons are organized from medial to lateral in the spinal cord, with those medially controlling axial…
Synaptic knobs :-a- synthesize different types of neurotransmittersb- release neurotransmitters by diffusion across their membranesc- have ligand-gated Ca ++d- are located at the terminal end of dendrites
Chapter 43 Solutions
Biology
Ch. 43.1 - Core Skill: Connections Nervous systems are one of...Ch. 43.1 - Scientists have determined that the brain mass of...Ch. 43.2 - Prob. 1CCCh. 43.2 - Prob. 2CCCh. 43.2 - Prob. 3CCCh. 43.3 - Core Skill: Modeling The goal of this modeling...Ch. 43.3 - What was the hypothesis proposed by Gaser and...Ch. 43.3 - Prob. 2EQCh. 43.3 - CoreSKILL Based on the results described here and...Ch. 43 - A nerve net consists of a. bilateral neurons that...
Ch. 43 - Prob. 2TYCh. 43 - Prob. 3TYCh. 43 - The white matter of the CNS is composed of a....Ch. 43 - Prob. 5TYCh. 43 - Prob. 6TYCh. 43 - Prob. 7TYCh. 43 - Prob. 8TYCh. 43 - In humans, the ______ blank hemisphere of the...Ch. 43 - ______ blank is a progressive disease that causes...Ch. 43 - Prob. 1CQCh. 43 - Prob. 2CQCh. 43 - Core Concept: Systems New properties of life...Ch. 43 - Discuss how the two parts of the nervous system of...Ch. 43 - List the three major divisions of the brain of...
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- Visit this site (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/neurolab) to see a virtual neurophysiology lab, and to observe electrophysiological processes in the nervous system, where scientists directly measure the electrical signals produced by neurons. Often, the action potentials occur so rapidly that watching a screen to see them occur is not helpful. A speaker is powered by the signals recorded from a neuron and it pops each time the neuron fires an action potential. These action potentials are firing so fast that it sounds like static on the radio. Electrophysiologists can recognize the patterns within that static to understand what is happening. Why is the leech model used for measuring the electrical activity of neurons instead of using humans?arrow_forwardQuick question on the process of movement Multiple sclerosis is a disease in which the peripheral neurons lose their myelin sheath. In this disease, voluntary movement of the limbs is slowed because; Pick the ones that are true the rate of opening of ligand-gated Na+ channels is decreased. the generation of the action potential is blocked at points along the unmyelinated region due to the absence of voltage-gated channels the action potential amplitude is degraded at the Nodes of Ranvier of the peripheral neuron. The Schwann cells are targeted and destroyed by the immune system, affecting saltatory propagation. the rate of opening of ligand-gated Na+ channels is decreased.arrow_forwardIntro to Neuroscience Q: Which of the following statements ACCURATELY describe spinal cord organization. α-motor neurons are organized from lateral to media such that those found towards the medial section of the spinal cord controls the distal muscles. Lumbar spinal cord enlargement is observed where neurons that innervate the legs and feet are located Neuronal cell bodies (somas) of neurons that innervate single muscles are only found in a single spinal cord segment. Muscles of the trunk are represented medially while muscles of arms and hands are represented laterally Group of answer choices 1, 2, 4 2, 3, 4 2, 4 4 only 1,2,3,4 Question: Both upper and lower motor neurons are involved in controlling the activity of your right bicep. Where do the cell bodies of these motor neurons live? Group of answer choices Upper motor neuron – left motor cortex; lower motor neuron – left spinal cord Upper motor neuron – left motor cortex; lower motor neuron – right spinal…arrow_forward
- Intro to Neuroscience Question Explain your reasoning and why you chose that answer.: Which of the following does NOT accurately describe medium spiny neurons (MSNs)? Group of answer choices They make a small number of synapses with many GPNs and a large number of synapses with a few GPNs They are GABAergic and therefore inhibitory. They are constitutively active to tonically inhibit the thalamus. They are activated by inputs from the cortex. All of the above are truearrow_forwardNeuron(key terms:dendrites, axo,electrical signals, communication) One important structure/feature of a neuron isarrow_forwardmolecular components not cellular.Answer carefully. Question: In terms of nerve action, describe 4 different molecular components involved. And for each, give a defect that would block nerve function.arrow_forward
- Glial cells far outnumber neurons and contribute roughly half the weight of the mammalian nervous system. What functions do glial cells perform in the peripheral nervous system and in the central ner-vous system?arrow_forwardDescribe the nervous system of Meerkats, vampire squid and black drongo, and how their communication along and between the neurons.arrow_forwardList the different types of nervous systems found in animalsarrow_forward
- Chemical synapses in the nervous system :-a- allow diffusion of chemical substances form the presynaptic neuron into the postsynaptic neuronb- allow transmission of potential changes in one direction only; from the presynaptic to the postsynaptic neuronsc- have potential-gated ionic channelsd- are more numerous in the peripheral nervous system than the central nervous systemarrow_forwardWatch this video (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/summation) to learn about summation. The process of converting electrical signals to chemical signals and back requires subtle changes that can result in transient increases or decreases in membrane voltage. To cause a lasting change in the target cell, multiple signals are usually added together, or summated. Does spatial summation have to happen all at once, or can the separate signals arrive on the postsynaptic neuron at slightly different times? Explain your answer.arrow_forwardWatch this video (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/neurotrans) to learn about the release of a neurotransmitter. The action potential reaches the end of the axon, called the axon terminal, and a chemical signal is released to tell the target cell to do something, either initiate a new action potential, or to suppress that activity. In a very short space, the electrical signal of the action potential is changed into the chemical signal of a neurotransmitter, and then back to electrical changes in the target cell membrane. What is the importance of voltage-gated calcium channels in the release of neurotransmitters?arrow_forward
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