Campbell Biology, Books a la Carte Edition (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134154121
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Jane B. Reece
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 43, Problem 4TYU
Level 2: Application/Analysis
4. Which of the following statements is not true?
- (A) An antibody has more than one antigen-binding site.
- (B) A lymphocyte has receptors for multiple different antigens.
- (C) An antigen can have different epitopes.
- (D) A liver or muscle cell makes one class of MHC molecule.
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Human immune system
a) Pathogen-associated molecular patterns are conserved molecular structures produced by microorganisms, but not by host cells.
b) A virus-infected host cell that displays a viral antigen via MHC class I molecules may become a target of cytotoxic T cells.
c) Secreted MHC Class I proteins present in blood plasma can function as opsonins.
d) Both (a) and (b) are correct and (c) is incorrect
e) Statements (a), (b) and (c) are all correct
The emphasis in innate immunity is that it is non-specific. Explain how two different factors/parts of the human innate immune system are not specific to a particular pathogen.”
“2. Antibodies are a crucial part of adaptive immunity. Discuss the structure of an antibody and how the adaptive immune system is capable of producing different antibodies for a wide variety of antigens.”
“3. The innate and adaptive immune systems typically communicate with each other. Which system acts first and then communicates with the other? Why would this be advantageous?
1.
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
(g)
(h)
Provide the word that best fits the definition for each part below.
A protein on the surface of macrophages and other immune cells that recognizes and
binds the constant regions of antibodies in antibody-antigen complexes.
The portion of an antigen that is recognized by a particular antibody.
An antibody that is produced by a hybridoma, a hybrid between a normal B cell and a B
cell tumor.
A pharmaceutical product that is produced from living organisms or contains components
of living organisms.
Description of a monoclonal antibody that has been engineered to have the original
murine variable regions of the heavy and light chains coupled with human constant
regions of the heavy and light chains.
A generic form of a biologic drug. It is not identical in structure but identical in function,
side effects, and toxicity.
A new cancer therapy in which the tail end of an anti-cancer antibody is replaced by a T
cell. Binding of the antibody to the tumor can…
Chapter 43 Solutions
Campbell Biology, Books a la Carte Edition (11th Edition)
Ch. 43.1 - Pus is both a sign of infection and an indicator...Ch. 43.1 - MAKE CONNECTIONS How do the molecules that...Ch. 43.1 - Prob. 3CCCh. 43.2 - Prob. 1CCCh. 43.2 - Prob. 2CCCh. 43.2 - WHAT IF? If both copies of a light-chain gene and...Ch. 43.3 - Prob. 1CCCh. 43.3 - Treatment of antibodies with a particular protease...Ch. 43.3 - Prob. 3CCCh. 43.4 - Prob. 1CC
Ch. 43.4 - Prob. 2CCCh. 43.4 - WHAT IF? How would a macrophage deficiency likely...Ch. 43 - In what ways does innate immunity protect the...Ch. 43 - Why is the adaptive immune response to an initial...Ch. 43 - Is immunological memory after a natural infection...Ch. 43 - Prob. 43.4CRCh. 43 - Prob. 1TYUCh. 43 - An epitope associates with which part of an...Ch. 43 - Prob. 3TYUCh. 43 - Level 2: Application/Analysis 4. Which of the...Ch. 43 - Prob. 5TYUCh. 43 - Prob. 6TYUCh. 43 - Prob. 7TYUCh. 43 - Prob. 8TYUCh. 43 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Contrast clonal selection with...Ch. 43 - EVOLUTION CONNECTION Describe one invertebrate...Ch. 43 - Prob. 11TYUCh. 43 - Prob. 12TYUCh. 43 - SYNTHESIZE YOUR KNOWLEDGE This photo shows a child...
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- Johnny has just been infected and needs your help in letting him know how his body is fighting the infection. To do so, describe how the innate and adaptive immune systems work together. You should address the following: 1. define adaptive and innate immunity; 2. Describe the role of natural killer cells (how do they work); 3. what are antigen presenting cells and what is their function, what are MHCs?; 4. describe the role of the complement system; 5. what is the role of interferons?; 6. How do helper T cells, cytotoxic T cells and B lymphocytes work make sure you address adaptive immunity memory?; 7. Define HIV, which cells do they attack and why do some individuals develop persistent lymphadenopathy (swollen or enlarged lymph nodes)?arrow_forwardWhat type(s) of biological molecule(s) are the best at inducing immune responses? What properties make these molecules good antigens? (Remember: the biological molecules are lipids, carbohydrates, proteins, and nucleic acids)arrow_forwardAnswer c onlyarrow_forward
- Which of the following statements pertain to this cell. This cell is a precursor to a cell which: 1. is an antigen-presenting cell 2. demonstrates MHC I molecules 3. demonstrates MHC II molecules 4. demonstrates CD4 molecules 5. is capable of synthesizing and releasing perforin and granzymes Choose from the following: (A) 1, 2, and 3 (B) 2 and 3 only (C) 3 and 4 only (D) 1 and 3 (E) 1, 4, and 5arrow_forwardAll of the following are true of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) EXCEPT: which option below is the answer? None of the other four answers (All are true statements about APCs) They can interact directly with lymphocytes They include macrophages and dendritic cells APCs by themselves cannot distinguish between different microbial antigens, remember them later, or respond specifically to them They are non-specific cells and they play no role in activating or triggering specific immune responsesarrow_forwardThe lymphatic tissues/organs illustrated below contain which of the following types of cells? 1. reticular cells 2. macrophages 3. B lymphocytes 4. T lymphocytes Choose from the following: (A) 1, 2 and 3 (B) 1, 2, and 4 (C) 2, 3, and 4 (D) 1, 3, and 4 (E) 1, 2, 3, and 4arrow_forward
- 1. How does the body differentiate between self and non-self antigens? (1) 2. On which cells do we find the two molecules involved. (2) 3. What is the difference between the functions of these two molecules in relation to their presence on different host cells? (2) 4. What is the complement system (1) 5. What is the function of the complement system (1) 6. Why is the complement system unable to destroy viruses? (1)arrow_forwardB cells and dendritic cells are both capable of antigen presentation via MHC molecules. What are the similarities and differences between these two cell types in terms of their MHC type expression and cell types they are presenting to and interacting with? Thank you!!!arrow_forwardThe best definition of an antigen is:(a) A foreign molecule in the body(b) A chemical that elicits antibody production and binds tothat antibody(c) A molecule that binds to antibody(d) A pathogen(e) An enzyme that activates B cellsarrow_forward
- Match the class of antibody with its appropriate structure/function. 1st choice This dimeric antibody is responsible for localized protection on mucosal surfaces. 2nd choice This monomeric antibody functions is mediating the allergic response. 3rd choice This monomeric antibody presence on B cells functions in initiation of the immune response. 4th choice This monomeric antibody enhances phagocytosis, neutralizes toxins and viruses, and protects fetus and newborn. 5th choice This pentameric antibody is especially effective against microorganisms; first antibodies produced in response to initial infection. IgM| IgD IgE IgA IgG > >arrow_forwardWhich is/are involved in reacting to virus-infected cells? If you think more than one are involved, then select the answer that includes all of the relevant components. Choose one: - B cells AND T cytotoxic cells - T cytotoxic cells, AND MHC I - MHC I - B cells - T cytotoxic cellsarrow_forwardWhat occurs in a cell-mediated immune response? Select all that apply. Naive B cells bind to antigen on the surface of a bacterium and become activated. A dendritic cell incorporates digested viral antigen-MHC complexes. Naive cytotoxic T cells bind to antigen on antigen-presenting dendritic cells and become activated. Effector cytotoxic T cells circulate through the body and kill any body cells that display the viral antigen-MHC complexes.arrow_forward
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