Foundations of Materials Science and Engineering
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781259696558
Author: SMITH
Publisher: MCG
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Chapter 4.8, Problem 16KCP
To determine
Describe and illustrate the following types of point imperfections that can be presentin metal lattices: (a) vacancy, (b) divacancy, and (c) interstitialcy.
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Chapter 4 Solutions
Foundations of Materials Science and Engineering
Ch. 4.8 - Prob. 1KCPCh. 4.8 - Define the homogeneous nucleation process for the...Ch. 4.8 - In the solidification of a pure metal, what are...Ch. 4.8 - In the solidification of a metal, what is the...Ch. 4.8 - During solidification, how does the degree of...Ch. 4.8 - Distinguish between homogeneous and heterogeneous...Ch. 4.8 - Describe the grain structure of a metal ingot that...Ch. 4.8 - Distinguish between equiaxed and columnar grains...Ch. 4.8 - How can the grain size of a cast ingot be refined?...Ch. 4.8 - Prob. 10KCP
Ch. 4.8 - Prob. 11KCPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 12KCPCh. 4.8 - Distinguish between a substitutional solid...Ch. 4.8 - What are the conditions that are favorable for...Ch. 4.8 - Prob. 15KCPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 16KCPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 17KCPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 18KCPCh. 4.8 - Describe the structure of a grain boundary. Why...Ch. 4.8 - Describe and illustrate the following planar...Ch. 4.8 - Prob. 21KCPCh. 4.8 - Describe the optical metallography technique. What...Ch. 4.8 - Prob. 23KCPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 24KCPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 25KCPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 26KCPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 27KCPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 28KCPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 29KCPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 30KCPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 31KCPCh. 4.8 - Calculate the size (radius) of the critically...Ch. 4.8 - Prob. 33AAPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 34AAPCh. 4.8 - Calculate the number of atoms in a critically...Ch. 4.8 - Prob. 36AAPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 37AAPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 38AAPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 39AAPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 40AAPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 41AAPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 42AAPCh. 4.8 - Determine, by counting, the ASTM grain-size number...Ch. 4.8 - Prob. 44AAPCh. 4.8 - For the grain structure in Problem 4.43, estimate...Ch. 4.8 - Prob. 46AAPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 47SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 48SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 49SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 50SEPCh. 4.8 - In Chapter 3 (Example Problem 3.11), we calculated...Ch. 4.8 - Prob. 52SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 53SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 54SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 55SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 56SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 57SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 58SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 59SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 60SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 61SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 62SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 63SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 64SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 65SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 66SEP
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- Is there any relationship between a crystal and a grain? justify your answer.arrow_forwardDoes the strength of a metal always increase as dislocation density increases? Explain.arrow_forward2 . Write the slip systems of the metals with crystal structures of BCC, FCC and HCP. Calculate the total number of slip systems for each case. Which among the BCC, FCC and HCP is the most ductile and why?arrow_forward
- Identify the sources of dislocations in the developing crystal and mention the most important ways that contribute to increasing their numbers with a detailed explanation.arrow_forwardCalculate the number of vacancies per cubic meter for some metal, M, at 811°C. The energy for vacancy formation is 0.89 eV/atom, while the density and atomic weight for this metal are 6.96 g/cm3 (at 811°C) and 55.72 g/mol, respectively.arrow_forward1. What is the difference between atomic structure and crystal structure? Why are metals good conductors of heat and electricity, in general, whilst ceramics are poor? 2. Define the meaning of crystalline defects. What are the three main areas of crystal defect in the context of engineering materials and their mechanical properties? Briefly describe what each means.arrow_forward
- What is the change in the free energy of a pure metal atom moving from one grain to another? Please draw the schematical illustration of the free energy and elaborate your answerarrow_forwardDefine the difference between elastic and plastic deformation in terms of the effect on the crystal lattice structure.arrow_forwardDo noncrystalline or amorphous materials have grain boundaries? Why or why not?arrow_forward
- Explain the types of dislocations in a crystal structure with neat diagramsarrow_forwardSketch the variation of the vacancy concentration as a function of temperature in iron and mark all salient features on your sketch. The melting temperature of iron is 1539 oC.arrow_forwardExplain the differences in the grain structure between a metal which has been cold worked and another same cold worked piece but has been fully re-crystallised. Why are small angle grain boundaries not as effective in interfering with the motion of dislocation as high angle grain boundaries?arrow_forward
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