Foundations of Materials Science and Engineering
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781259696558
Author: SMITH
Publisher: MCG
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Chapter 4.8, Problem 9KCP
How can the grain size of a cast ingot be refined? How is grain refining accomplished industrially for aluminum alloy ingots?
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Chapter 4 Solutions
Foundations of Materials Science and Engineering
Ch. 4.8 - Prob. 1KCPCh. 4.8 - Define the homogeneous nucleation process for the...Ch. 4.8 - In the solidification of a pure metal, what are...Ch. 4.8 - In the solidification of a metal, what is the...Ch. 4.8 - During solidification, how does the degree of...Ch. 4.8 - Distinguish between homogeneous and heterogeneous...Ch. 4.8 - Describe the grain structure of a metal ingot that...Ch. 4.8 - Distinguish between equiaxed and columnar grains...Ch. 4.8 - How can the grain size of a cast ingot be refined?...Ch. 4.8 - Prob. 10KCP
Ch. 4.8 - Prob. 11KCPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 12KCPCh. 4.8 - Distinguish between a substitutional solid...Ch. 4.8 - What are the conditions that are favorable for...Ch. 4.8 - Prob. 15KCPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 16KCPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 17KCPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 18KCPCh. 4.8 - Describe the structure of a grain boundary. Why...Ch. 4.8 - Describe and illustrate the following planar...Ch. 4.8 - Prob. 21KCPCh. 4.8 - Describe the optical metallography technique. What...Ch. 4.8 - Prob. 23KCPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 24KCPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 25KCPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 26KCPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 27KCPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 28KCPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 29KCPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 30KCPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 31KCPCh. 4.8 - Calculate the size (radius) of the critically...Ch. 4.8 - Prob. 33AAPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 34AAPCh. 4.8 - Calculate the number of atoms in a critically...Ch. 4.8 - Prob. 36AAPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 37AAPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 38AAPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 39AAPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 40AAPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 41AAPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 42AAPCh. 4.8 - Determine, by counting, the ASTM grain-size number...Ch. 4.8 - Prob. 44AAPCh. 4.8 - For the grain structure in Problem 4.43, estimate...Ch. 4.8 - Prob. 46AAPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 47SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 48SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 49SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 50SEPCh. 4.8 - In Chapter 3 (Example Problem 3.11), we calculated...Ch. 4.8 - Prob. 52SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 53SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 54SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 55SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 56SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 57SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 58SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 59SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 60SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 61SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 62SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 63SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 64SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 65SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 66SEP
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- How supersaturation and its rate of change over time can affect the nucleation and growth? (detalhed)arrow_forward3 Materials Science. From picture below.Describe in detail the phase transformations (showing cooling curves, corresponding optical backgrounds, etc.) that takes place during solidification of the following alloys:(a) 99% Cu - 1% Al(b) 96% Cu - 4% Al(c) 80% Cu - 20% Alarrow_forwardThe minimum yield strength for iron with an average grain size of 6x10^-2 mm is 135 MPa, this increases to 260 MPa when the average grain size is reduced to 8x10^-3 mm.What must the average grain size be to achieve a yield strength of 205 MPa.arrow_forward
- Can you explain the kinetics of recovery, recrystallization, and grain growth? (Draw three plots showing the kinetics of each prosess and explain the plot)arrow_forwardwWucostuons ¢ 1. Differentiate between the following transformations Pearlite, (b) Bainitic (c) Martensitic, based on Diffusion, Temperature range, Nuclei, Kinetics of reaction, Crystallography, Density of dislocation, Surface relief, and Growth rate.arrow_forwardSuppose you are asked to manufacture a critical component based on a nickel-based super-alloy. The component must not contain any porosity and it must be chemically homogeneous. What manufacturing process would you use for this application? Why?arrow_forward
- Metal Working: What process will result in a Martensite microstructure? List the reasons why this structure will have high strength.arrow_forwardWhat are dislocation densities, compare for deformed sample and heat treated of sample?arrow_forwardThe yield strength for an alloy that has an average grain diameter of 4.1 × 10-2 mm is 131 MPa. At a grain diameter of 7.6 × 10-3 mm, the yield strength increases to 246 MPa. At what grain diameter, in mm, will the yield strength be 236 MPa?arrow_forward
- Do noncrystalline or amorphous materials have grain boundaries? Why or why not?arrow_forwardAbout the following compound answer and justify your answers nodular iron 1 nomenclature 2 composition, 3 crystal structure 4 Phase Diagrams,arrow_forwardA 50%Ni-50%Cu alloy is slowly cooled from 1400°C to 1200°C. Determine (1) At what temperature does the first solid phase form andwhat is the solid’s composition?(2) At what temperature does all liquid solidify and what is thelast remaining liquid’s composition?(3) At 1300°C, estimate the compositions of the solid andliquid.(4) At 1300°C, estimate the weight fractions of the solid andliquid.arrow_forward
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