Foundations of Materials Science and Engineering
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781259696558
Author: SMITH
Publisher: MCG
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Chapter 4.8, Problem 65SEP
To determine
Explain how you would accomplish an application that requires that the diameter of the bar be reduced and the grain dimensions are longer along the longitudinal axis of the bar.
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Chapter 4 Solutions
Foundations of Materials Science and Engineering
Ch. 4.8 - Prob. 1KCPCh. 4.8 - Define the homogeneous nucleation process for the...Ch. 4.8 - In the solidification of a pure metal, what are...Ch. 4.8 - In the solidification of a metal, what is the...Ch. 4.8 - During solidification, how does the degree of...Ch. 4.8 - Distinguish between homogeneous and heterogeneous...Ch. 4.8 - Describe the grain structure of a metal ingot that...Ch. 4.8 - Distinguish between equiaxed and columnar grains...Ch. 4.8 - How can the grain size of a cast ingot be refined?...Ch. 4.8 - Prob. 10KCP
Ch. 4.8 - Prob. 11KCPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 12KCPCh. 4.8 - Distinguish between a substitutional solid...Ch. 4.8 - What are the conditions that are favorable for...Ch. 4.8 - Prob. 15KCPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 16KCPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 17KCPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 18KCPCh. 4.8 - Describe the structure of a grain boundary. Why...Ch. 4.8 - Describe and illustrate the following planar...Ch. 4.8 - Prob. 21KCPCh. 4.8 - Describe the optical metallography technique. What...Ch. 4.8 - Prob. 23KCPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 24KCPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 25KCPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 26KCPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 27KCPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 28KCPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 29KCPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 30KCPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 31KCPCh. 4.8 - Calculate the size (radius) of the critically...Ch. 4.8 - Prob. 33AAPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 34AAPCh. 4.8 - Calculate the number of atoms in a critically...Ch. 4.8 - Prob. 36AAPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 37AAPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 38AAPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 39AAPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 40AAPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 41AAPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 42AAPCh. 4.8 - Determine, by counting, the ASTM grain-size number...Ch. 4.8 - Prob. 44AAPCh. 4.8 - For the grain structure in Problem 4.43, estimate...Ch. 4.8 - Prob. 46AAPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 47SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 48SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 49SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 50SEPCh. 4.8 - In Chapter 3 (Example Problem 3.11), we calculated...Ch. 4.8 - Prob. 52SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 53SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 54SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 55SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 56SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 57SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 58SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 59SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 60SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 61SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 62SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 63SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 64SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 65SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 66SEP
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- Explain the differences in grain structure for a metal that has been cold worked and one that has been cold worked and then recrystallized.arrow_forwardin a tabular format compare microstructure,for different cast irons and steelarrow_forwardExplain the reason for the quenching cracking that may occur when hardening some parts. Describe the alternative methods applied to prevent this situation by showing them on a single figure.arrow_forward
- (b) For the same bar, if the engineering strains are 0.05 and 0.10 at engineering stresses of 200 and 220 MPa respectively, what would be the work hardening exponent of pure aluminium?arrow_forwardExplain the differences in the grain structure between a metal which has been cold worked and another same cold worked piece but has been fully re-crystallised. Why are small angle grain boundaries not as effective in interfering with the motion of dislocation as high angle grain boundaries?arrow_forwardThe lower yield point for a certain plain carbon steelbar is found to be 135 MPa, while a second bar of the samecomposition yields at 260 MPa. Metallographic analysisshows that the average grain diameter is 50μm in the firstbar and 8μm in the second bar.a. Predict the grain diameter needed to cause a loweryield point of 205 MPa.b. If the steel could be fabricated to form a stablegrain structure of 500 nm grains, what strengthwould be predicted?c. Why might you expect the upper yield point to bemore alike in the first two bars than the lower yieldpoint?arrow_forward
- (a) For a given material, would you expect the surface energy to be greater than,the same as, or less than the grain boundary energy? Why?(b)The grain boundary energy of a small-angle grain boundary is less than fora high-angle one. Why is this so?arrow_forward80 kg of aluminum is to be heated to a pouring temperature of 750°C. The unit melting and pouring energy of the metal = 1035 J/g. Thermal efficiency of the furnace = 65%. How much time is required to heat the metal from 25°C to the pouring temperature if the electric induction furnace generates 100 kW?arrow_forward(a) A 20 cm long bar (10 mm by 10 mm cross-section) of pure aluminium (Young's modulus = 70 GPa) is subjected to tensile loading. If the bar yields at a load of 14,000 N, what is the maximum elongation at the onset of permanent deformation?(b) For the same bar, if the engineering strains are 0.05 and 0.10 at engineering stresses of 200 and 220 MPa respectively, what would be the work hardening exponent of pure aluminium?arrow_forward
- Do noncrystalline or amorphous materials have grain boundaries? Why or why not?arrow_forward2. (a) Nickel-based alloys are used for gas turbine blades in aerospace engines. Briefly discuss the characteristics that make these alloys the choice for this application. (b) Single-crystal technology is applied to nickel alloys that are used as gas turbine blades in aerospace engines. With the aid of sketches describe how a single-crystal casting can be manufactured and explain why a single-crystal casting is likely to have superior creep resistance than a directly-solidified one. (c) Demonstrate the application of the Ten-percent Rule by calculating the approximate tensile strength and elastic modulus in the 0˚ direction of a carbon-fibre reinforced polymer composite if the strength and elastic modulus in the 0˚ single ply are 3620 MPa and 143 GPa respectively. The lay-up sequence of the composite is [02/+45/-45/902]s.arrow_forwardHow will results vary for grain size when using the linear intercept method versus the circular grid method?arrow_forward
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