EBK LIFE: THE SCIENCE OF BIOLOGY
11th Edition
ISBN: 8220103935432
Author: Sadava
Publisher: MAC HIGHER
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Chapter 48.4, Problem 2R
Summary Introduction
To review:
The consequence of transfusion of red blood cells into the patient that are stored in a blood bank
Introduction:
1, 3-BPG (1, 3-bisphosphoglycerate) is formed during glycolysis as an intermediate product. 1, 3-BPG fulfills the energy requirement of cells of the body. The conversion of 1, 3-BPG to 2, 3-BPG takes place in the red blood cells as it helps in regulation of hemoglobin. It reduces the affinity of deoxygenated hemoglobin for oxygen by binding to it due to which more of the bound oxygen is released by the hemoglobin molecules.
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Sickle cells are named because of their characteristic shape. What problems can this shape cause?
Explain how the absence of a nucleus affects a red blood cell’s life span.
if a person is transfused with a hypotonic solution, he/she will die. why?
Anemia is characterized by low hemoglobin levels or a reduced number of red blood cells (both of which transport oxygen to cells). A common symptom of anemia is tiredness. Please do not copy answers from another website/source.
a) Briefly explain what the consequences are of anemia on cellular energy production.
b) Suggest at least one other cellular effect of anemia and a brief explanation of this effect.
Chapter 48 Solutions
EBK LIFE: THE SCIENCE OF BIOLOGY
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- Michaela is an athlete who has been training for several years only in Florida.She had an annual physical, and the doctor read her hematocrit as 59%. What could this reading potentially tell the doctor?arrow_forward[Choose ] hypertonic hypotonic isotonicarrow_forwarda) Hemoglobin accounts for 95% of the protein in red blood cells. If you Google the number of hemoglobin molecules in a RBC, most sources state 250-270 million hemoglobin molecules. If hemoglobin has a molecular weight of 67,000 Da, what is the concentration of hemoglobin in RBCs? Show your work and show your units. Use dimensional analysis to have your final answer in moles per liter. B) The hemoglobin molecule is nearly spherical with a diameter of 55 Angstroms. You can look at the 3D structure of human hemoglobin on the RCSB PDB website. Calculate the volume of a hemoglobin molecule, and can the number of hemoglobin molecules quoted in Question a actually fit into one red blood cell?arrow_forward
- Hyperglycemia associated with diabetes promotes a prothrombotic state by affecting a number of different steps in the clotting pathway. Which of the following would result in more rather than less clotting? Check all that apply. The correct answers reflect the effect of hyperglycemia on the clotting pathway! less conversion of plasminogen to plasmin 7 000000000 abnormally low number of platelets platelets more sensitive to thromboxane A2 elevated conversion of plasminogen to plasmin platelets less sensitive to thromboxane A2 low sensitivity to NO and PGI2 increased prothrombin in the blood increased amount of fibrinogen in the blood less prothrombin in the blood abnormally high number of platelets less fibrinogen in the blood high sensitivity to NO and PGI2arrow_forwardAlthough hematocrits provide some information about blood disorders, most physicians would not diagnose leukemia based on one test. What other conditions might explain the hematocrit reading you chose in question 1? Give your reasons.arrow_forwardThe total number of 02 molecules that can be carried by one red blood cell is about a: O One hundred (100) 02 molecules One thousand (1000) 02 molecules One million (1000,000) 02 molecules One billion (1000,000,000) 02 moleculesarrow_forward
- Type I diabetes is caused by destruction of the beta cells of the pancreas, the cells that produce insulin. In most cases, the beta cells are destroyed by an immune response. Both genetic and environmental factors are involved in triggering the immune response. NOD mice develop a disease very much like Type I diabetes. (NOD mouse = non-obese, diabetic, mouse). If you transfer plasma from a NOD mouse to a normal mouse, the normal is not affected. If you transfer lymphocytes (WBCs white blood cells) from a NOD mouse, the normal mouse develops diabetes. The first people to figure this out found they had to transfer two types of WBC to transfer diabetes. After some experiments, they found that under the right conditions, they only had to transfer one type of cell to cause diabetes in the recipient. B-1. Consider the one type of WBC that can cause diabetes by itself. Which type is it likely to be? (B cells) (helper T cells) (cytotoxic T cells) (either type of T cell) (any of these)…arrow_forwardExplain why mature red blood cells become non nucleatedarrow_forwardErythroblastosis fetalis is a condition in which the baby's blood type is different than the mother's. If the mother's blood type is A- and her firstborn's blood type is A+, the second baby to have A+ blood type will have many of its RBCs destroyed (before it is born) by the mother's antibodies which cross the placenta. This will result in which of the following? (A) hemorrhagic anemia (B) hemolytic anemia (C) iron-deficiency anemia (D) aplastic anemia (E) pernicious anemiaarrow_forward
- Rho activation is preceded by association of a Rho regulator to regions of the plasma membrane just “above” where the contractile ring will form. Which regulator (Rho GAP or Rho GEF) would you predict would be localized to this region of the cell? Briefly explain your reasoning.arrow_forwardIf the life span of an erythrocyte is 120 days, how many times a year would a sickle cell patient need to be given a blood transfusion to ensure a unit of healthy erythrocytes at any given time?arrow_forwardInhibin and activin are similar molecules; however they have very different physiological roles. Discuss these differences.arrow_forward
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