Genetics: Analysis and Principles
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781259616020
Author: Robert J. Brooker Professor Dr.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 5, Problem 13CONQ
Describe when X-chromosome inactivation occurs and how this leads to
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Colorblindness and hemophilia are both X-linked traits in humans. Explain how a female who has a defective color vision gene on one X chromosome and a defective blood clotting gene causing hemophilia on the other X chromosome can be neither a hemophiliac nor colorblind?
Please discuss the effect of Gene dosage compensation in your answer and in your answer describe the molecular process by which this occurs.
In marsupials, X inactivation occurs exclusively to paternally derived chromosomes. Which genes will ALWAYS be expressed in this situation?
A. maternal X-linked genes
B. paternal X-linked genes
C. maternal Y-linked genes
D. paternal Y-linked genes
Describe the process of X-chromosome inactivation in mammals
Chapter 5 Solutions
Genetics: Analysis and Principles
Ch. 5.1 - A female snail that coils to the left has...Ch. 5.1 - 2. What is the molecular explanation for maternal...Ch. 5.2 - 1. In fruit flies, dosage compensation is achieved...Ch. 5.2 - 2. According to the Lyon hypothesis,
a. one of...Ch. 5.2 - Prob. 3COMQCh. 5.3 - 1. In mice, the copy of the Igf2 gene that is...Ch. 5.3 - 2. A female mouse that is is crossed to a male...Ch. 5.3 - Prob. 3COMQCh. 5.3 - Prob. 4COMQCh. 5.4 - 1. Extranuclear inheritance occurs due to
a....
Ch. 5.4 - 2. A cross is made between a green four-o’clock...Ch. 5.4 - 3. Some human diseases are caused by mutations in...Ch. 5.4 - 4. Chloroplasts and mitochondria evolved from an...Ch. 5 - Define the term epigenetic inheritance, and...Ch. 5 - 2. Describe the inheritance pattern of maternal...Ch. 5 - A maternal effect gene exists in a dominant N...Ch. 5 - 4. A Drosophila embryo dies during early...Ch. 5 - 5. For Mendelian inheritance, the nuclear genotype...Ch. 5 - Suppose a maternal effect gene exists as a...Ch. 5 - Suppose that a gene affects the anterior...Ch. 5 - Explain why maternal effect genes exert their...Ch. 5 - As described in Chapter 22, researchers have been...Ch. 5 - 10. With regard to the numbers of sex chromosomes,...Ch. 5 - 11. What is a Barr body? How is its structure...Ch. 5 - Among different species, describe three distinct...Ch. 5 - 13. Describe when X-chromosome inactivation occurs...Ch. 5 - 14. Describe the molecular process of X-chromosome...Ch. 5 - Prob. 15CONQCh. 5 - 16. How many Barr bodies would you expect to find...Ch. 5 - 17. Certain forms of human color blindness are...Ch. 5 - A black female cat (XBXB) and an orange male cat...Ch. 5 - Prob. 19CONQCh. 5 - When does the erasure and reestablishment phase of...Ch. 5 - In what types of cells would you expect de novo...Ch. 5 - 22. On rare occasions, people are born with a...Ch. 5 - Genes that cause Prader-Willi syndrome and...Ch. 5 - Prob. 24CONQCh. 5 - What is extranuclear inheritance? Describe three...Ch. 5 - Prob. 26CONQCh. 5 - Among different species, does extranuclear...Ch. 5 - Extranuclear inheritance often correlates with...Ch. 5 - Prob. 29CONQCh. 5 - Prob. 30CONQCh. 5 - Which of the following traits or diseases is (are)...Ch. 5 - Prob. 32CONQCh. 5 - 33. Describe how a biparental pattern of...Ch. 5 - Figure 5.1 describes an example of a maternal...Ch. 5 - 2. Discuss the types of experimental observations...Ch. 5 - Prob. 3EQCh. 5 - As a hypothetical example, a trait in mice results...Ch. 5 - You have a female snail that coils to the right,...Ch. 5 - Prob. 6EQCh. 5 - 7. Figure 5.6 describes the results of...Ch. 5 - Prob. 8EQCh. 5 - In the experiment of Figure 5.6, why does a clone...Ch. 5 - Prob. 10EQCh. 5 - 11. A variegated trait in plants is analyzed using...Ch. 5 - 1. Recessive maternal effect genes are identified...Ch. 5 - Prob. 2QSDC
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- Barr bodies are formed to adjust X chromosome dosage in species other than humans, such as Drosophila (fruit flies) and C. elegans (nematodes). True or False ?arrow_forwardWhich of the following findings supports the fact that the presence of the Y-chromosome rather than the lack of a second X-chromosome determines the development of maleness in mammals? a. A human with an X0 genotype (Turner syndrome) is phenotypically female. b. A human with an XXY genotype (Klinefelter syndrome) is phenotypically male. c. A transgenic mouse with two X-chromosomes and the SRY gene from the Y-chromosome develops male sex organs. d. b and c, but not a e. a, b, and carrow_forwardThe introduction to this chapter described the search for genes that determine pattern baldness in humans. In 1916, Dorothy Osborn suggested that pattern baldness is a sex-influenced trait that is dominant in males and recessive in females. More research suggested that pattern baldness is an X-linked recessive trait. Would you expect to see independent assortment between genetic markers on the X chromosome and pattern baldness if (a) pattern baldness is sexinfluenced and (b) if pattern baldness is X-linked recessive? Explain your answer.arrow_forward
- Which of the following statements is false? Dosage compensation is accomplished in humans by stimulation of gene expression from the single X chromosome. Dosage compensation is accomplished in humans by inactivating a female X chomosome. An individual with Turner Syndrome has no Barr bodies. An individual with Klinefelter syndrome generally has one Barr body. A typical XX human female has one Barr body.arrow_forwardThe process known as (FILL IN THE BLANK) of the (FILL IN THE BLANK) chromosome in some female cats results in a calico In Rare cases, males can express the calico fur pattern. what would the be genetic explanation for this?arrow_forwardExplain how X-chromosome inactivation may affect thephenotype of female mammalsarrow_forward
- What is dosage compensation with respect to the sex chromosomes? Briefly explain how this is accomplished in humans.arrow_forward. In humans, hemophilia is an X-linked recessive gene and will only be expressed in females if they are homozygous for this gene. However, in some rare cases, a heterozygote becomes hemophilic. Explain how this incident happens and why will there be skewed X-inactivation?arrow_forwardThe dosage of X chromosome expression is equalized between male and female mammals. Think about the example of calico cats to answer the following questions. Use Xb to represent the allele for black fur, XB to represent the allele for orange fur. What genotype(s) of female cats is/are expected to have a calico coat? Is it possible to have a calico cat that is male? Explain.arrow_forward
- Duchenne muscular dystrophy is an X-linked, recessive disorder in which muscles waste away early in life, resulting in death in the teens or twenties. A man and woman in their late thirties have five children—three boys (ages 1, 3, and 10 years) and two girls (ages 5 and 7 years). The oldest, boy shows symptoms of the disease. What are the probabilities that their other children will develop the disease? Give only typing answer with explanation and conclusionarrow_forwardWhat is a Barr body? How is its structure different from that ofother chromosomes in the cell? How does the structure of a Barrbody affect the level of X-linked gene expression?arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements is FALSE about x chromosome inavtivation in mammals? A. It relies on chromatic remodeling B. It leads to the formation of Barr body. C. It only occurs in males. D. It involves histone modificationarrow_forward
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