Microbiology Fundamentals: A Clinical Approach
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9781259709227
Author: Marjorie Kelly Cowan Professor, Heidi Smith
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 5, Problem 4Q
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Viruses are also known as an obligate intracellular parasite, which means that they require a host cell for their multiplication. The viral particle consists of the
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To infect their specific host cells, viruses go through these chronological steps EXCEPT
a.
Release of progeny viruses
b.
Absorption and penetration of the viral particles
c.
Uncoating of the nucleic acid of the viral particles
d.
Synthesis and assembly of viral particle components
Which of the following are activities that a virus particle (a virion) cannot accomplish by itself?
Select all that apply.
a) Extract energy from food molecules
b) Synthesis of capsid proteins
c) Generate ATP
d) Binding to a host cell
e) Replication of the viral genome
Which of the following viral components must get into a cell's cytoplasm in order for the virus to be replicated?
A) Protein spikes
B) The virus envelope
C) The virus genome
D) The virus capsid
Chapter 5 Solutions
Microbiology Fundamentals: A Clinical Approach
Ch. 5.1 - Explain what it means when viruses are described...Ch. 5.1 - Identify better terms for viruses than alive or...Ch. 5.1 - Which statements are accurate regarding properties...Ch. 5.2 - Prob. 3AYPCh. 5.2 - Describe the function and structure(s) of viral...Ch. 5.2 - Distinguish between enveloped and naked viruses.Ch. 5.2 - Prob. 6AYPCh. 5.2 - Diagram the possible nucleic acid configurations...Ch. 5.2 - Medical Moment Q. Antibiotics targeting bacteria...Ch. 5.3 - Diagram the five-step life cycle of animal...
Ch. 5.3 - Define the term cytopathic effect and provide one...Ch. 5.3 - Discuss both persistent and transforming...Ch. 5.3 - Provide thorough descriptions of both lysogenic...Ch. 5.3 - Prob. 2NPCh. 5.3 - Prob. 3NPCh. 5.4 - List the three principal purposes of cultivating...Ch. 5.4 - Describe three ways in which viruses are...Ch. 5.4 - Prob. 4NPCh. 5.5 - Prob. 14AYPCh. 5.5 - Prob. 2MMCh. 5.5 - Prob. 5NPCh. 5.6 - Analyze the relative importance of viruses in...Ch. 5.6 - Discuss the primary reason that antiviral drugs...Ch. 5 - ___% of human DNA is thought to consist of viral...Ch. 5 - Prob. 2QCh. 5 - Construct a scenario in which viral latency and...Ch. 5 - Prob. 4QCh. 5 - If viruses that normally form envelopes were...Ch. 5 - Viruses use the host cell cytoplasmic space as...Ch. 5 - The general steps in a viral multiplication cycle...Ch. 5 - Compare and contrast the processes of latency and...Ch. 5 - Pathogenic bacteria lysogenized by phages can...Ch. 5 - When phage nucleic acid is incorporated into the...Ch. 5 - Prob. 11QCh. 5 - Prob. 12QCh. 5 - Prob. 13QCh. 5 - Prob. 14QCh. 5 - Prob. 15QCh. 5 - Prob. 16QCh. 5 - Prob. 17QCh. 5 - Construct an argument for whether humans or...Ch. 5 - Since 2000, the number of orders of viruses...Ch. 5 - Prob. 20QCh. 5 - Prob. 21QCh. 5 - Prob. 1VC
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- a. Since viruses lack metabolic enzymes, how can they synthesize necessary components? b. Name some enzymes that viruses may have for invading and completing their cycles.arrow_forwardThe following statements are correct, except? a. Non-enveloped viruses bind to their host cells via their capsid surface. b. The cell receptor may determine the host range and tissue tropism of viruses. c. Virus particles bind to receptors on their host cells to initiate entry. d. Naked virus particles bind via their transmembrane glycoproteins.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements seemingly refute the fact that viruses are nonliving? A.They reproduce themselves only inside a host cell. B. They contain no enzymes. C. They can change over time, with the emergence of new strains. D. They cause diseases similar to those caused by bacteria. E. They are composed of protein and nucleic acid.arrow_forward
- we can stop the biosynthesis stage of the viral life cycle (not the stages before it) by preventing/inhibiting: A) fusion of the envelope and the plasma membrane B) replication and expression of viral nucleic acid/genome C) the virus's attachment molecules from binding to the host cell receptor D) new copies of viral nucleic acid from combining with newly made viral proteins E)buddingarrow_forwardVirus spikes are commonly associated with which of the following? a. Non enveloped viruses b. Glycoproteins c. Lipids from the host cell membrane d. Inability to cause hemaglutinationarrow_forwardFigure 17.5 Which of the following statements about virus structure is true? a. All viruses are encased in a viral membrane. b. The capsomere is made up of small protein subunits called capsids. c. DNA is the genetic material in all viruses. d. Glycoproteins help the virus attach to the host cell.arrow_forward
- a. What characteristics of viruses could be used to characterize them as lifeforms?b. What makes them more similar to lifeless molecules?arrow_forwardViral “spikes” are usually involved in A. Uncoating the virus particle B. Killing the host cell C. Attaching to the host cell to aid in entry or exit D. Replicating DNAarrow_forwardAfter attachment and entry, the next step of viral lifecycle is to A.translate viral proteins B. assembly new viral particles C. replicate the genome D. release new virionsarrow_forward
- Regarding enveloped viruses, which of the following is true of the viral envelope? A. It has the same structure as a cell wall B. It is resistant to soaps/detergents C. It is composed of capsid proteins D. It is a phospholipid bilayer derived from a membrane of its host cell 42.arrow_forwardWhat determines the specificity of viruses to their host cells? a. surface or outer proteins b. No correct answer c. capsid d. polymerasearrow_forwardDuring viral infection, attachment is usually specific to a particular celltype becausea. the virus is attracted to the appropriate host cells by proteinssecreted into the extracellular fluid.b. the virus recognizes and binds to specific molecules in thecytoplasm of the host cell.c. the virus recognizes and binds to specific molecules on the surfaceof the host cell.d. the host cell produces channel proteins that provide passageways forviruses to enter the cytoplasm.e. the virus releases specific proteins that make holes in the membranelarge enough for the virus to enter.arrow_forward
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