Chapter 5, Problem 5.107AQAP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The element which is a metal should be identified.

Concept Introduction:

According to periodic trends, the atomic size of the element increases from top to bottom, thus, the amount of energy required removing an electron from its outermost shell decreases and it can easily give an electron and show metallic characteristic. Thus, on moving top to bottom, metallic character of an element increases.

Similarly, on moving left to right in a period, atomic size decreases thus, amount of energy required to remove an electron increases and it is difficult to remove an electron. Thus, non-metallic character increases.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The element which is in group 5A (15) should be identified.

Concept Introduction:

According to periodic trends, the atomic size of the element increases from top to bottom, thus, the amount of energy required removing an electron from its outermost shell decreases and it can easily give an electron and show metallic characteristic. Thus, on moving top to bottom, metallic character of an element increases.

Similarly, on moving left to right in a period, atomic size decreases thus, amount of energy required to remove an electron increases and it is difficult to remove an electron. Thus, non-metallic character increases.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The element which has the highest ionization energy should be identified.

Concept Introduction:

According to periodic trends, the atomic size of the element increases from top to bottom, thus, the amount of energy required removing an electron from its outermost shell decreases and it can easily give an electron and show metallic characteristic. Thus, on moving top to bottom, metallic character of an element increases.

Similarly, on moving left to right in a period, atomic size decreases thus, amount of energy required to remove an electron increases and it is difficult to remove an electron. Thus, non-metallic character increases.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The element which loses an electron most easily should be identified.

Concept Introduction:

According to periodic trends, the atomic size of the element increases from top to bottom, thus, the amount of energy required removing an electron from its outermost shell decreases and it can easily give an electron and show metallic characteristic. Thus, on moving top to bottom, metallic character of an element increases.

Similarly, on moving left to right in a period, atomic size decreases thus, amount of energy required to remove an electron increases and it is difficult to remove an electron. Thus, non-metallic character increases.

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

The element which is found in group 7A (17) and period 3 should be identified.

Concept Introduction:

According to periodic trends, the atomic size of the element increases from top to bottom, thus, the amount of energy required removing an electron from its outermost shell decreases and it can easily give an electron and show metallic characteristic. Thus, on moving top to bottom, metallic character of an element increases.

Similarly, on moving left to right in a period, atomic size decreases thus, amount of energy required to remove an electron increases and it is difficult to remove an electron. Thus, non-metallic character increases.