Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP):
The Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) is used to exchange management information among network devices.
- Many protocols are available to support network management, but the SNMP is the simplest, easiest, and most widely used; hence the most preferable protocol is SNMP.
- Also SNMP is having an industry standard, formed by the Internet Engineering Task Force; which is formerly designed to manage Internet components.
- This SNMP can be used to manage Wide Area Network (WAN) and telecommunication systems.
TCP:
TCP is connection oriented. Transfers messages across the machines connected with internet. It provides reliable service. HTTP (Hyper Text Transfer Protocol), HTTPS (Hyper Text Transfer Protocol Secure), FTP (File Transfer Protocol), SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol), and Telnet are the protocols used in TCP.
UDP:
UDP is connectionless. It sends packets to another machine. It provides unreliable service. It is used in fast and efficient transmission applications. DNS (Domain Name System), DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol), TFTP (Trivial File Transfer Protocol), SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol), RIP (Routing Information Protocol), VOIP (Voice Over Internet Protocol) are the protocols used in UDP.
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EBK COMPUTER NETWORKING
- We have said that an application may choose UDP for a transport protocol because UDP offers finer application control than TCP of what data is sent in a segment and when. Why does an application have more control of what data is sent in a segment and when the segment is sent?arrow_forwardWe have said that an application may choose UDP for a transport protocol because UDP offers finer application control (than TCP) of what data is sent in a segment and when a Why does an application have more control of what data is sent in a segment? b. Why does an application have more control on when the segment is sent?arrow_forwardIt is possible to draw parallels between TCP and UDP, two distinct protocols. Using your expertise as a software architect, please explain why TCP is preferable to UDP in the following two situations.arrow_forward
- 1. What is the difference between packet fragmentation (i.e., at network layer) and frame frag- mentation (i.e., at link layer) in terms of purpose? 2. Suppose that host A is connected to a router R1, R1 is connected to another router, R2, and R2 is connected to host B. Suppose that a TCP message that contains 800 bytes of data and 20 bytes of TCP header is passed to the IP function at host A for delivery to B. Show the Total length, DF, MF, and Fragment offset fields of the IP header in each packet transmitted over the three links. (Assume that link A-R1 can support a maximum frame size of 1024 bytes including a 14-byte frame header, link R1-R2 can support a maximum frame size of 512 bytes, including an 8-byte frame header, and link R2-B can support a maximum frame size of 432 bytes including a 12-byte frame header.) (*hint: the Fragment offset field is denominated by 8-bytes, not bytes) 3. What is the purpose of the path MTU discovery process (see textbook Figure 5-42) and why does…arrow_forwardTCP is a connection-oriented protocol, whereas IP is a connectionless protocol. What is the best way to have these two protocols coexist in the same stack?arrow_forwardTCP (Transport Control Protocol) is a transport layer protocol that provides full duplex, connection-oriented, and trustworthy transport layer delivery services. What do we mean by "connection-oriented," "reliable delivery," and "full duplex"? What exactly do we mean by connection-oriented, dependable delivery, and full duplex?arrow_forward
- Assume that TCP implements an extension that allows window sizes much larger than 64 KB. Suppose that you are using this extended TCP over a 1- Gbps link with a latency of 50 ms to transfer a 10-MB file, and the TCP receive window is 1 MB. If TCP sends 1-KB packets (assuming no congestion and no lost packets): (a) How many RTTS does it take until slow start opens the send window to 1 MB? (b) How many RTTS does it take to send the file? (c) If the time to send the file is given by the number of required RTTS multiplied by the link latency, what is the effective throughput for the transfer? What percentage of the link bandwidth is utilized?arrow_forward- Suppose a TCP message that contains 1024 bytes of data and 20 bytes of TCP header is passed to IP for delivery across two networks interconnected by a router (i.e., it travels from the source host to a router to the destination host). The first network has an MTU of 1024 bytes; the second has an MTU of 576 bytes. Each network's MTU gives the size of the largest IP datagram that can be carried in a link-layer frame. Give the sizes and offsets of the sequence of fragments delivered to the network layer at the destination host. Assume all IP headers are 20 bytes.arrow_forwardSee what makes SMTP different from HTTP in this analysis of application protocols.What does the acronym HTTP stand for, and how does it work?I need to know what port it uses for transmission.Both Transmission Control Protocol and User Datagram Protocol may be abbreviated to TCP or UDP. In each of these cases, what factors must be considered?So, how many distinct varieties of 'network' are there? Give a succinct summary of what you know about each.arrow_forward
- When it comes to delivering services, TCP is a dependable full-duplex transport layer protocol. It's not clear what full-duplex transmission, a focus on connections, or dependable delivery all entail.arrow_forwardTCP (Transport Control Protocol) is a transport layer protocol that offers full duplex, connection-oriented, and trustworthy delivery services at the transport layer. When we talk about full duplex, reliable transmission, and connection-oriented communication, what do we mean? So, what exactly do we mean when we talk about connections, resiliency in delivery, and full duplex?arrow_forward
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