Biology - Study Guide
8th Edition
ISBN: 9780321501561
Author: Martha R. Taylor
Publisher: PEARSON EDUCATION (COLLEGE)
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Chapter 51, Problem 2TYK
Summary Introduction
Introduction: The proximate patterns of behavior are in response to external environmental stimuli. This fixed action pattern is exhibited as a series of unrehearsed actions in response to external stimulus. Fixed action patterns have been observed to be unchanged and the action is carried out until it is completed. The behavior is stimulated by a cue called a sign stimulus and has been studied in detail in male three-spined sticklebacks by the Dutch scientist Niko Tinbergen.
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Chapter 51 Solutions
Biology - Study Guide
Ch. 51 - Prob. 1IQCh. 51 - Indicate the type of learning illustrated by the...Ch. 51 - Prob. 3IQCh. 51 - Exclusive male parental care is observed much more...Ch. 51 - Prob. 5IQCh. 51 - Prob. 6IQCh. 51 - Prob. 7IQCh. 51 - Prob. 1SYKCh. 51 - How does the concept of evolutionary fitness apply...Ch. 51 - Prob. 1TYK
Ch. 51 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 51 - Prob. 3TYKCh. 51 - Prob. 4TYKCh. 51 - The honeybee waggle dance communicates the...Ch. 51 - Prob. 6TYKCh. 51 - Prob. 7TYKCh. 51 - Which of the following types of intraspecies...Ch. 51 - You have discovered a new primate species in which...Ch. 51 - Prob. 10TYKCh. 51 - Prob. 11TYKCh. 51 - Prob. 12TYKCh. 51 - Prob. 13TYKCh. 51 - Which of the following behaviors would arise from...Ch. 51 - Prob. 15TYKCh. 51 - Prob. 16TYK
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- Theory used in the Clincal settings Write al least 300 words on how Return Demonstration is link to the Behaviorist Learning theoryarrow_forwardThe idea that behavior must be either innate or learned has been called a “nature versus nurture” controversy. What reasons are there for believing that such a strict dichotomy does not exist?arrow_forwardBehavioral ecology assumes a. that all behavioral traits are innate. b. learning is the dominant determinant of behavior. c. behavioral traits are subject to natural selection. d. behavioral traits do not affect fitness.arrow_forward
- Which research question does not refer to proximate causes of behavior? a.) How do rhesus macaques find their food? b.) how do pigeons that are experimentally displaced find their way back to their home loft? c.) How does dispersal affect the survival of Belding's ground squirrels? d.) Do mother goats learn the odor of their offspring? e.) How do hummingbirds “know” when it is time to return to their overwintering grounds?arrow_forwardDistinguish between proximate and ultimate causes of behavior and apply theconcepts of ultimate cause and cost–benefit analysis to decide whether a particularbehavior is adaptive.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is true about evolutionary psychology? a. Natural selection works differently in humans than other animals. b. It is easy to test evolutionary hypotheses by doing experiments. c.Most social behaviors are genetically determined with little influence by the social environment. d. Evolutionary approaches can generate novel hypotheses about social behavior that can then be tested with experiments.arrow_forward
- Classify each of the following descriptions as either a proximate or anultimate cause of behavior. For all proximate causes, speculate about apossible ultimate cause of the behavior. a. A surge of epinephrine initiates a flight response in a gazelle.b. Turtles use Earth’s magnetic field lines as guides during migration.c. A small mammal ignores low-energy food sources that are difficultto obtain, maximizing energy gain from foraging.d. A bird distracts a predator near its nest, increasing the nestlings’chance of survival.arrow_forwardDiscuss male-male violence and the evolution of human warfare in respects to early evolutionary beginnings with primate behavior. References are the books "Primate Behavioral Ecology" by Karen Strier and "Planet Without Apes" by Craig Stanfordarrow_forwardDefine what the “Theory of Mind” means and explain its importance to primate social behavior. References are the books "Primate Behavioral Ecology" by Karen Strier and "Planet Without Apes" by Craig Stanfordarrow_forward
- Which of the following is LEAST consistent with how behavior tends to evolve? Changes to underlying neural mechanisms, such as neurotransmitter receptors that affect motivation, can result in major changes in behavioral phenotypes Tweaks to the developmental process, such as play or learning, can cause evolutionary divergence in behavior Changes in the properties of sensory receptors can shift preferences and choices Variation in the gene for a given behavior results in population divergence Why are there biases in learning processes? The initial neural structure underlying learning may not allow every possible learned association Some cues are more likely than others to be associated with particular things, which has shaped the evolution of neural networks that represent the world Reducing the range of possible things a brain can learn can be one way to reduce the costs of learning All of the abovearrow_forwardWhich of the following is true of innate behaviors that are described as instincts? A. Instincts aren’t governed by genetics, while innate behaviors are, B. Instincts are governed by genetics, while innate behaviors are not, C. Instincts are sudden, situational behaviors, D. Instincts are complex series of innate behaviorsarrow_forwardYou were given two examples of learning in class. One related to wasps using landmarks to find nesting sites. The other related to mate choice in birds where the females were exposed to potential mates with artificial crests on their heads. What is the difference in the learning between the two studies? Group of answer choices the wasp study looked at the relatedness among individuals doing the learning both studies demonstrated that the behavior was purely genetic with no learning involved the bird study studied learning and development, permanent changes in behavior as a result of juvenile experience the wasp study studied learning and development, permanent changes in behavior as a result of juvenile experiencearrow_forward
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