EBK LIFE: THE SCIENCE OF BIOLOGY
11th Edition
ISBN: 8220103935432
Author: Sadava
Publisher: MAC HIGHER
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Chapter 51.6, Problem 3R
Summary Introduction
To review:
The two mechanisms that occur to remove excess fluid volume and excess sodium ion (Na+ ion) when a lot of salty chicken broth with an osmotic concentration of 300 mosm/L (milliosmole per liter) is consumed.
Introduction:
The presence of excess salts and water in the body is harmful. The salt and water concentrations are maintained by hormones like atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and antidiuretic hormone (ADH). ANP is secreted by atrial muscles while ADH is secreted from the anterior pituitary.
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Which of the following best describes the changes between dilute (osmolarity 50mOsm/Kg) andconcentrated urine (osmolarity 1200mOsm/Kg)?
a. Concentrated urine has more water than NaCl moleculesb. Concentrated urine has less water than NaCl moleculesc. Dilute urine has more NaCl than water moleculesd. Dilute urine has less water than NaCl molecules
The mammalian kidney contains an immense network of nephrons that functions to conserve water by producing urine that is hyperosmotic compared to other body fluids.
Explain how the transport epithelia of the nephron and collecting duct are able to use transport mechanisms to process the filtrate as it moves through the vessels and produce a hyperosmotic filtrate.
Draw a schematic diagram showing the flow of water and salts in the proximal tubule of the kidney. In this diagram, put the lumen on the left side of the diagram and the extracellular fluids on the right side of the diagram. Indicate where the lumen is, where the extracellular fluid is, where the apical portion of the cell is, and show the location of the proteins that are responsible for the movement of water and salts and glucose reabsorption in this area of the kidney
Chapter 51 Solutions
EBK LIFE: THE SCIENCE OF BIOLOGY
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