Concept explainers
Comparing Models A cup of water at an initial temperature of
(a) Subtract the room temperature from each of the temperatures in the ordered pairs. Use a graphing utility to plot the data points
(b) An exponential model for the data
(c)Use the graphing utility to plot the points
(d) Fit a rational model to the data. Take the reciprocals of the y-coordinates of the revised data points to generate the points
Use the graphing utility to graph these points and observe that they appear to be linear. Use the regression feature of the graphing utility to fit a line to these data. The resulting line has the form
Solve for
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Chapter 5 Solutions
College Algebra
- Measurement Use the fact that 14 gallons is approximately the same amount as 53 liters to find a mathematical model that relates liters y to gallons x. Then use the model to find the numbers of liters in 5 gallons and 25 gallons.arrow_forwardPopulation Statistics The table shows the life expectancies of a child (at birth) in the United States for selected years from 1940 through 2010. A model for the life expectancy during this period is y=63.6+0.97t1+0.01t,0t70 Where y represents the life expectancy and t is the time in years, with t = 0 corresponding to 1940. (a) Use a graphing utility to graph the data from the table and the model in the same viewing window. How well does the model fit the data? Explain. (b) Determine the life expectancy in 1990 both graphically and algebraically. (c) Use the graph to determine the year when life expectancy was approximately 70.1. verify your answer algebraically. (d) Find the y-intercept of the graph of the model. What does it represent in the context of the problem? (e) Do you think this model can be used to predict the life expectancy of a child 50 years from now?arrow_forwardProjectile Motion In Exercises 75 and 76, consider the path of an object projected horizontally with a velocity of v feet per second at a height of s feet, where the model for the path is x2=v216ys. In this model (in which air resistance is disregarded), y is the height (in feet) of the projectile and x is the horizontal distance (in feet) the projectile travels. A ball is thrown from the top of a 100-foot tower with a velocity of 28 feet per second. (a) Write an equation for the parabolic path. (b) How far does the ball travel horizontally before it strikes the ground?arrow_forward
- Population The population P (in millions) of Italy from 2003 through 2015 can be approximated by the model P=57.59e0.0051t, where t represents the year, with t=3 corresponding to 2003. (a) According to the model, is the population of Italy increasing or decreasing? Explain. (b) Find the populations of Italy in 2003 and 2015. (c) Use the model to predict the populations of Italy in 2020 and 2025.arrow_forwardStopping distance, The stopping distance of an automobile is the distance travelled during the driver’s reaction time plus the distance travelled after the driver applies the brakes. In an experiment, researchers measured these distances (in feet) when the automobile was traveling at a speed of x. miles per hour on dry, level pavement, as shown in the bar graph. The distance travelled during the reaction time R was R=1.1x and the braking distance B was B=0.0475x20.001x+0.23. (a) Determine the polynomial that represents the total stopping distance T. (b) Use the result of part (a) to estimate the total stopping distance when x=30,x=40, andx=55 miles per hour. (c) Use the bar graph to make a statement about the total stopping distance required forincreasing speeds.arrow_forwardMeasurement Use the fact that 13 inches is approximately the same length as 33 centimeters to find a mathematical model that relates centimeters y to inches x. Then use the model to find the numbers of centimeters in 10 inches and 20 inches.arrow_forward
- Population The population P (in millions) of Italy from 2003 through 2015 can be approximated by the model P=57.59e0.0051t, where t represents the year, with t=3 corresponding to 2003. (Source: U.S. Census Bureau) (a) According to the model, is the population of Italy increasing or decreasing? Explain. (b) Find the populations of Italy in 2003 and 2015. (c) Use the model to predict the populations of Italy in 2020 and 2025.arrow_forwardDrug Concentration When a drug is administered orally, it takes some time before the blood concentration reaches its maximum level. After that time, concentration levels decrease. When 500 milligrams of procainamide is administered orally, one model for a particular patient gives blood concentration C, in milligrams per liter, after t hours as C=2.65(e0.2te2t) What is the maximum blood-level concentration, and when does that level occur?arrow_forwardFlood Control A river is 8 feet above its flood stage. The water is receding at a rate of 3 inches per hour. Write a mathematical model that shows the number of feet above flood stage after t hours. Assuming the water continually recedes at this rate, when will the river be 1 foot above its flood stage?arrow_forward
- Biology The metabolic rate of an ectothermic organism increases with increasing temperature within a certain range. Experimental data for the oxygen consumption C (in microliters per gram per hour) of a beetle at certain temperatures can be approximated by the model C=0.45x21.65x+50.75,10x25 where x is the air temperature in degrees Celsius. a The oxygen consumption is 150 microliters per gram per hour. What is the air temperature ? b When the air temperature increases from 10C to 20C, the oxygen consumption increases by approximately what factor ?arrow_forwardTravel Time You are driving on a Canadian freeway to a town that is 500 kilometers from your home. After 30 minutes, you pass a freeway exit that you know is 50 kilometers from your home. Assuming that you continue at the same constant speed, how long does the entire trip take?arrow_forward
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