Concept explainers
To review:
A multiyear study that could provide more accurate information about the absence or the presence of the timing mismatches between the plant flowering and the insect pollinators emergence.
Introduction:
The insects that pollinate the flowering plants have a mutual relation with such plants. The plants provide nectar and the insects help the plants in pollination. The emergence of the insect pollinators is closely related to the flowering of plants, which occur during the month of April, in North America. A study was conducted to examine the close association of these pollinators and the plant flowering by considering 10 bee species across North America. However, climate warming might indicate a slight mismatch between insect emergence and the flowering in plants.
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EBK LIFE: THE SCIENCE OF BIOLOGY
- For the article "Effects of an invasive predator cascade to plants via mutualism disruption" (https://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms14557) answer the following points: - What was the question addressed by the author(s)? What was the author's hypothesis? - Overall, what did the author physically do, use, and/or document to test the hypothesis? - Summarize the results.arrow_forwardIf you designed an experiment to determine how temperature and the species composition of seeds affect the growth and reproduction of seed-eating birds, what would be the independent and dependent variables?arrow_forwardA) Using the information/image provided, why could the researchers rule out pollinator selection as a reason for flower color variation? B) What must be true about the flowers in Boechera stricta? A) Plants have both male and female flowers that are reproductively mature at the same time. B) Plants have both male and female flowers that are reproductively mature at different times. C) Plants produce either male or female flowers C) If the scientists' hypothesis is true, what type of herbivore defense is flower pigmentation in this mustard? either constitutive or induciblearrow_forward
- The following graph depicts the relationship between the mean flower depth of Zaluzianskya microsiphon plants and the proboscis length of its long-tonged fly Disa nivea pollinator in a specific region. Zaluzianskya microsiphon O Disa nivea 60- 50 40- 30 20- 10 10 20 30 40 50 Mean fly proboscis length (mm) Based on this correlation, do you think these two species are coevolving? Why or why not? And based on the geographic mosaic theory, would you consider the region were the plants and flies live a cold or a hot spot? Explain your answer. Mean flower depth (mm)arrow_forwardList three factors that are contributing to the decline of pollinator populationsarrow_forwardIntraspecific competition is a competition between members of the same species and is commonly observed in crop plants. Table 6.2 shows the results of a greenhouse experiment which examined the effects of density on the germination and growth of barley. Plants were grown for two weeks in 10- cm diameter pots kept in identical environmental conditions and watered regularly. At the end of the experiment the plants were cropped by cutting the stems at the soil surface. In the given context, can you explain thoroughly the meaning of plant density that this passage is talking about?arrow_forward
- Intraspecific competition is a competition between members of the same species and is commonly observed in crop plants. Table 6.2 shows the results of a greenhouse experiment which examined the effects of density on the germination and growth of barley. Plants were grown for two weeks in 10- cm diameter pots kept in identical environmental conditions and watered regularly. At the end of the experiment the plants were cropped by cutting the stems at the soil surface. Based from the given table and graph, discuss the data and the relationship of the two factors (Mean wet biomass of plants (g) and Number of plants that germinated). Then, what is the effect of density to the Mean wet biomass of plants?arrow_forwardMany plants mimic other plants or other animals in order to attract pollinators. a) Describe one example of plants mimicking either other plants or other animals in order to attract pollinators. b) Why might these “cheating” strategies have evolved rather than developing “truthful” signals to attract a pollinator?arrow_forwardOryza rufipogon is the wild relative of cultivated rice. In its native SE Asia, annual and perennial populations can be found. Annual populations typically grow in aquatic habitats that dry out seasonally, while perennials typically grow in more permanent aquatic habitats. In their respective habitats, annuals produce narrower leaves than perennials. An experiment was conducted where annual and perennial seeds were grown together in a permanent aquatic habitat and demographic data on survival and fecundity were collected. The data are below: Annual seeds 1st year survival 0.01 0.01 seeds per year 180 90 Edit View Insert Format Tools Table Adult survival rate Perennial seeds What additional data would you need to collect from this experiment to determine whether the differences in leaf shape described above have a genetic basis or are induced by the environment? What are your predictions if leaf shape differences are genetic? 0.0 0.4arrow_forward
- Oryza rufipogon is the wild relative of cultivated rice. In its native SE Asia, annual and perennial populations can be found. Annual populations typically grow in aquatic habitats that dry out seasonally, while perennials typically grow in more permanent aquatic habitats. In their respective habitats, annuals produce narrower leaves than perennials. An experiment was conducted where annual and perennial seeds were grown together in a permanent aquatic habitat and demographic data on survival and fecundity were collected. The data are below: Annual seeds 1st year survival seeds per year 0.01 180 0.01 Adult survival rate Perennial seeds What additional data would you need to collect from this experiment to determine whether the differences in leaf shape described above have a genetic basis or are induced by the environment? What are your predictions if leaf shape differences are genetic? 90 0.0 0.4arrow_forwardWhy do many perennial plant species exhibit mast seeding behavior?arrow_forwardWhat preliminary conclusions can you draw from the results of the experiment and what is the independent and dependent variable ?arrow_forward
- Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781305389892Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillanPublisher:Cengage Learning