BIOCHEMISTRY-ACHIEVE (1 TERM)
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781319402853
Author: BERG
Publisher: MAC HIGHER
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Videos
Question
Chapter 6, Problem 12P
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
The importance of the mutant form of a thermostable DNA polymerase in the molecular-evolution experiments is to be stated.
Concept introduction:
The technique that is used to amplify the fragments of the DNA template to form particular fragments of DNA in vitro is known as the polymerase chain reaction or PCR.
The process that is used to change the genetic information of any individual that exhibits the properties of life, resulting mutation is called as mutagenesis.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
This is DWA.
You hope to clone an extinct animal species by taking the easy route - using museum bones or
tissues. You extract the DNA and use PCR to amplify, then sequence all segments of the genome
You are unsuccessful. Later you discover that the museum specimens have been treated with
formaldehyde, which forms covalent bonds in DNA, where once there existed H-bonds.
What step in your PCR reaction would be inhibited?
g
-S
Knowing this, if a human was exposed to formaldehyde, what enzyme(s) of DNA
replication in vivo would be prevented from doing their job?
Transforming an Animal
In order to create the transgenic cow, your lab first needs to create a DNA vector containing the
insulin gene. This step involves a considerable amount of scientific terminology. Make sure you
understand the meaning of key terms. Match the following terms with their correct definitions.
| ampicillin resistance gene
5 restriction site
6 Origin of replication
7 Ligase
2 promoter
3 Xhol
Ч ехоn
is a region of DNA that is not transcribed.
is the location in the plasmid that is recognized by the restriction enzyme Xhol.
is an enzyme that joins DNA fragments together.
is the location on the plasmid where DNA replication begins.
is a region of DNA that initiates transcription of a gene.
is an restriction enzyme that looks for the sequence TCGA.
is a gene that enables you to identify bacterial cells that have taken up the plasmid.
. A closed circular supercoiled DNA is relaxed by treatment with
topoisomerase. No matter how much enzyme is used, or how long
the experiment is run, the experimenter always finds a gel elec-
trophoresis pattern indicating some DNA with one, two, and three
superhelical turns in addition to the relaxed (nicked) circle (see fig-
ure). Suggest an explanation for this observation.
Nicked
circle
+
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biochemistry and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Preparing plasmid DNA (double stranded, circular) for Sanger sequencing involves annealing a complementary, single-stranded oligonucleotide DNA primer to one strand of the plasmid template. This is routinely accomplished by heating the plasmid DNA and primer to 90°C and then slowly bringing the temperature down to 25°C. Why does this protocol work? What enzyme is used and what other components are required in the sequencing reaction? How does the Sanger method determine the sequence?arrow_forwardPlease answer this asap. Thanks, You have discovered a new plasmid RK21 in a unique bacterial community. As a first step towardunderstanding this plasmid, you digest the plasmid with three restriction enzymes: SspI, XhoI andSmaI. You run the digested plasmid DNA on an agarose gel, along with an uncut sample of theRK21 plasmid DNA as a control.Unfortunately you forget to load a DNA ladder, and obtain the following results. Assumecomplete digestion of all samples or all the digests worked completelyarrow_forwardUltraviolet light can cause covalent linkages between consecutive pyrimidine bases in DNA (up to 100 per second in a single cell in sunlight!). These bulky lesions (i.e. cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers and 6-4 photoproducts), which inhibit DNA and RNA polymerases, are mostly reversed by CPD photolyase when light >300 nm is available to power the reaction. In the dark, however, which DNA repair system is best able to correct these errors? a) non-homologous end-joining b) mismatch repairc) nucleotide-excision repaird) base-excision repair e) homology-directed repairarrow_forward
- gene. If the JM109 strain is transformed by the PBKSK plasmid, the strain will produce the B-galactosidase (from the lac gene) and will hydrolyze X-gal to produce the blue compound. Therefore, colonies that were transformed and contain the pBSKS wil you appear blue. IPTG & X-Gal & NO colonies Amp E. coli JM109 E. coli JM109 50 mM calcium chloride-15% glycerol lac lac lac IPTG & I Recovery X-Gal solution at -702C PBSKS White colonies E. coli JM109 E. coli JM109 ampR amp I amp lac lac Heat Shock Non-transformed 42°C E. coli JM109 E. coli JM109 amps amps lac lac IPTG & X-Gal lac I Recovery lac PBSKS BLUE colonies PBSKS ampRI (amp Transformed IPTG & X-Gal & BLUE colonies Amp Hypotheses: Circle the correct answer 1. If PBSKS is transformed into JM109 cells, colonies will be (able/not able) to grow in the presence of ampicillin. a. Why? _ 2. If PBSKS is transformed into JM109 cells, colonies in media with IPTG (will/will not) induce the production the B- galactosidase enzyme. a. Why?_ 3. If…arrow_forwardWhat molecular biology strategy can best be used to determine Inhibition of DNA synthesis? Explain.arrow_forward. DNA polymerase requires both a template, to be copied, and a primer, which provides a 3' hydroxyl from which polymerase can extend. Yet this molecule supports DNA polymerase activity. Explain. PTGACACAGGTTTAGCCCATCGATGGG-OHarrow_forward
- Restriction sites of Lambda (A) DNA - In base pairs (bp) The sites at which each of the 3 different enzymes will cut the same strand of lambda DNA are shown in the maps (see figure 3 B-D), each vertical line on the map is where the respective enzymes will cut. A DNA A (bp) 48502 10 000 20 000 30 000 40 000 9162 17 198 B Sal I 7059 14 885 28 338 35 603 42 900 (bp) Hae III 11 826 21 935 29 341 38 016 (bp) 11648 29,624 Eco R1 (bp) 10 592 16 246 28 915 41 864 Figure 3: Restrictrion site map showing the following A) inear DNA that is not cut as reference B) DNA CLt with Sal L C) DNA cut with Hae , D) DNA cut with Eco RI 1. Calculate the size of the resulting fragments as they will occur after digestion and write the sizes on the maps below. Note that linear DNA has a total size of 48 502 bp (see figure 3A). Page 3 of 7 9162 17 198 Sal i (bp) 7059 14 885 28 338 35 603 42 900 Hae I (bp) 11 826 21 935 29 341 38 016 11648 29,624 Eco R1 (bp) 10 592 16 246 28 915 41 864arrow_forwardIn the DNA extraction. What is the role of alcohol in the DNA extraction process?arrow_forwardplease help me with this question. As this is a non-directional cloning, recombinant plasmids can contain an insert ligated into the vector in two different orientations. Provide two diagrams to illustrate the two potential recombinant plasmids, with the inserts ligated in opposite orientations. Include all RE sites and distances between sites on the diagram.arrow_forward
- As an intern at a research lab... Your boss gives you instructions on how to transform previous batches of competent cells into electrocompetent cells for transformation. In the end, the competent cells would be utilized for both cloning purposes (to amplify your inserted gene ligated into pUC18). In the freezer at -80 C, you discovered numerous distinct Escherichia coli strains: BL21 competent cells One Shot BL21 Star (DE3) competent cells DH5a competent cells Rosetta™ host strains Which ones are appropriate for your work? Justify the decision you made.arrow_forwardCan you help with 1a please HELPFUL INFORMATION: When performing classical Sanger or "dideoxy" sequencing, you set up 4 parallel reactions per template to be sequenced from a specific primer, with each of the four reactions containing a different dideoxynucleotide, and then the four reactions were run in a separate, adjacent lanes on a gel. 1a. Why couldn't you combine all 4 dideoxynucleotides with the primer and the template and do the whole reaction in one tube, and then run the set of fragments produced by the reaction mixture on a single lane in an acrylamide gel?arrow_forwardPCR-amplify the Tat coding region from the isolated DNA. Clone the PCR product into a pcDNA3.1 mammalian expression vector. Grow E. coli for the production of purified plasmid DNA stocks for later use. 1.What is the minimum biosafety level recommended by the BMBL for this experiment? 2. do this experiment involve a recombinant DNA?arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Co...BiologyISBN:9781305251052Author:Michael CummingsPublisher:Cengage Learning
Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Co...
Biology
ISBN:9781305251052
Author:Michael Cummings
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Molecular Techniques: Basic Concepts; Author: Dr. A's Clinical Lab Videos;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7HFHZy8h6z0;License: Standard Youtube License